Introduction Post-stroke activity limitation secondary to upper-extremity motor impairment is common, and increasing. We do not currently have effective, globally applicable interventions to improve activity limitation. The burden of post-stroke disability is rising in low and middle-income countries, resulting in an immediate need for effective interventions that can be implemented throughout the world. Purpose This program of research was structured to address three important questions, 1) In all parts of the world, do people with stroke experience similar degrees of activity limitation secondary to upper extremity motor impairment? 2) Are there simple interventions that can be initiated by health care workers, but autonomously sustained by people with stroke, that can improve activity limitation secondary to upper extremity motor impairment? and 3) Are these interventions effective? Methods To address the first question, data from an international stroke study were used to quantify the amount of post-stroke upper extremity weakness and characterize the people. For the second question, a systematic review was conducted to identify current evidence on the effectiveness of simple, task-based practice. To address the third question a protocol was developed for an outcome study. Results Post-stroke upper extremity weakness is common throughout the world, ranging from 67.3% of those with stroke in high-income countries to 97.3% in low-income countries. There is inconclusive, but promising evidence on the effectiveness of simple, task-based practice to improve upper-extremity motor impairment. It is likely that multiple interventions are needed to address the problem and a two-by-two factorial design trial, evaluating simple, task-based practice or a motor enhancing pharmacological agent, implemented in all regions of the world, would be a novel and efficient means of addressing the question. Conclusions The answers to these questions have provided novel information that is a required next step to providing effective, globally applicable interventions for people with stroke. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / After having a stroke, more than half the people have difficulty moving their arm. This difficulty often results in difficulties doing every day tasks. Most of the information on what happens after stroke comes from developed countries and we do not know if these problems exist to the same extent in developed countries. We also do not know the most effective interventions to help improve arm function after stroke. Possible interventions could include rehabilitation strategies, drugs or a combination of both. This thesis describes the amount of arm weakness after stroke throughout the world, looks at the evidence for a simple intervention that could be used throughout the world, and describes the design of study that could look at the effectiveness of both rehabilitation and drug interventions throughout the world. This work provides information on the globally applicable interventions to improve arm function after stroke, which has not been considered in the literature to date.

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Section 1: Introduction, Section 2: Physical Features, Section 3: Biological Resources, Section 4: Social/Economic, Section 5: Important Resources, Section 6: Watershed Classification, Section 7: Watershed Management, Section 8: Local Watershed Planning, Appendix A: Water Quality Data and Assessments, Appendix B: Selected References, Appendix C: RUSLE, Appendix D: AGWA

Die Forschung zum Zusammenhang zwischen Topmanagementteams und Unternehmenserfolg stellt ein zum Teil fragmentarisches und wenig konzeptionelles Bild dar. Vor diesem Hintergrund geht es in vorliegender Arbeit um die Frage, inwiefern die Beziehung zwischen Topmanagementteams und Eigentümern optimiert werden kann, wenn bei der Zusammensetzung des Vorstandsteams neben vertraglichen Komponenten auch demografische Eigenschaften berücksichtigt werden.

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Short Report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Occupational Therapy Johannesburg 2017 / This research project described the outcomes for upper limb motor function (ULMF) and personal management (PM) for patients attending occupational therapy at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital post-stroke. A quantitative, descriptive correlation design was used. A purposive sample of adult patients who met the inclusion criteria was selected. The researcher completed initial assessments of ULMF using the Fugl–Meyer assessment and the South African Data for Functional Measurements: Beta Scale to assess independence in PM. Research participants received rehabilitation as usual. The same measurements were administered on discharge and during out-patient follow up appointments at one, two and three months. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results indicated that recovery of ULMF was influenced by the site of lesion. Gender and age did not influence recovery of ULMF. Severe motor disability, which resulted in poor recovery of UL and LL, yielded poor independence in PM. / MT2017

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Cartas al editor / Revisión por pares / Revisón por pares

Wheelchair provided people, whose act is inconvenient, a comfortable and economic moving means. The research, about the physiology of wheelchair, says that, the way of wheelchair using hands to move wheel rim in order to propel and control aim is not much perfect. The aim of the research is to develop new-pattern-wheelchair that can improve the problem of efficiency of propulsion and injure of sport coming from traditional wheelchair. The research set up the desing-process of new-mode wheelchair. According using posture, disposition and upper-limbs-activity-mode, we list feasible program, and establish the stander of assess, than choosing the better programs. In the research, upper-limbs-activity-mode is consisting by upper-limbs-propulsion-mode and upper-limbs-control-mode. After setting up upper-limbs-activity-mode, we establish design specification. We provide feasible design-program for each part of wheelchair. After sifting and combining all kinds of program, we offer better designs of new-mode wheelchair. After all, we choose one program, and work out size-plan and analysis.