A erosão linear é uma das formas de erosão hídrica que provoca degradações no terreno, através de sulcos e ravinas que chegam ao estágio avançado das voçorocas. Quando não apresentam intervenção humana, elas geram a perda de parcelas aráveis e de Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs), interrupção de estradas, contaminação de cursos d’água e, ainda, tornam-se áreas de risco de deslizamento, acidentes e mortes de animais. Além disto, em áreas agrícolas, geram custos excessivos aos municípios e agricultores, com aporte de nutrientes químicos e em horas de trabalho, com o uso de maquinário para a manutenção de estradas e lavouras. Na presente pesquisa, propõe-se uma análise dos condicionantes do meio (geologia – litologia e estrutura, geomorfologia, tipos de solos e uso da terra) em relação à ocorrência dos processos erosivos lineares (ravinas/voçorocas) no Município de Chuvisca, RS. O estudo justifica-se devido há uma ocorrência significativa de ravinas e voçorocas identificadas e cadastradas entre os anos de 2008 e 2010. Os resultados atuais permitiram um maior detalhamento da gênese da erosão linear no município, cabendo destacar que nos 32 casos deste tipo de erosão que foram mapeados, todos seguem a direção do conjunto de lineamentos e falhas tectônicas, no sentido principal NE/SO e secundário NO/SE. Assim, pode-se afirmar que os processos erosivos lineares são condicionados, em parte, pela tectônica local-regional, tanto na sua localização no terreno como na sua evolução. Além disso, destaca-se que 66% deles ocorrem em áreas de lavoura sob plantio convencional, sem práticas de conservação do solo, e 28% em Áreas de Preservação Permanente degradada. Em alguns casos, as áreas atingidas pela erosão apresentam as mesmas características do meio, levando a crer que o uso do solo relacionado às práticas agrícolas inadequadas são os principais indutores dos processos erosivos no Município de Chuvisca. / The linear erosion is a form of water erosion that degrades the land. Erosion creates ravines and furrows that lead to the advanced stage of gullies. Without intervention, they generate loss of arable and permanent preservation areas (APPs), disruption on roads, watercourses contamination, and also become areas at risk of landslides, prone to accidents and deaths of animals. Furthermore, in agricultural areas, they generate excessive costs to municipalities and farmers, with the input of chemical nutrients and hours of work, and the use of machinery for the maintenance of roads and crops. In this study, we propose an analysis of the conditioners of the environment ( lithology / structural geomorphology, soil types and land use) on the occurrence of linear erosion (ravines / gullies) in the Municipality of Chuvisca, Rio Grande do Sul State. The study is justified because there was a significant occurrence of ravines and gullies identified and registered between 2008 and 2010. Current results allowed more precisely detailing of the genesis of linear erosion in that municipality. We pointed out that in 32 cases of mapped linear erosion, all of them follow the direction of the set of lineaments and tectonic faults, the main direction NE / SW and secondary NW / SE. We can say that the linear erosion processes are conditioned partly by local tectonics, both in its location on the ground and in its evolution. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that 66% of them occur in cropland under conventional tillage without soil conservation practices, and 28% in degraded Permanent Preservation Areas. In some cases, areas affected by erosion exhibit the same characteristics of the environment, leading to the belief that the use of inappropriate agricultural practices related to soil are the main drivers of soil erosion in the Municipality of Chuvisca.

In mammals a single receptor protein binds both insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) and mannose 6-phosphate (Man 6-P) containing ligands, most notably lysosomal enzymes. However, in chick embryo fibroblasts IGF-II binds predominantly to a type 1 IGF receptor, and no IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor has been identified in this species. In order to determine if chickens possess an IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor, an affinity resin (pentamannosyl 6-phosphate (PMP) Sepharose) was used to purify receptors from chicken membrane extracts by their ability to bind mannose 6-phosphate. Then 125I-IGF-II was used to evaluate their ability to bind IGF-II. These experiments demonstrate that nonmammalian Man 6-P receptors lack the ability to bind IGF-II, suggesting that the ability to bind IGF-II has been gained recently in evolution by the mammalian Man 6-P receptor. The second area of study involves the serum form of the IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor. This receptor had been detected in the serum of a number of mammalian species, yet its structure, function, regulation, and origin were unknown. Initial studies, done with Dr. R. G. MacDonald, showed that the serum receptor is truncated such that the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the cellular receptor is removed. These studies also demonstrate a regulation of serum receptor levels with age, similar to that seen for the cellular receptor, and that the serum form of the receptor existed in several forms which appeared intact under nonreducing conditions, but as multiple proteolytic products upon reduction. Finally, these studies demonstrated that both the cellular and serum IGF-II/Man 6-P receptors are capable of binding IGF-II and Man 6-P simultaneously. In studies on the serum form of the IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor that I have conducted independently, the regulation of the serum IGF-II/Man 6-P and transferrin receptors by insulin has been demonstrated. In these studies, insulin injected into rats subcutaneously resulted in a time and dose dependent increase in serum receptor levels. Finally, to investigate the relationship of the serum IGF- II/Man 6-P receptor to the cellular form of the receptor, pulse chase experiments were performed. These experiments demonstrate that the soluble (serum form released into the medium) receptor is a major degradation product of the cellular receptor. Furthermore, the lack of detectable amounts of the lower Mr soluble receptor intracellularly and the parallel relationship of cell surface and soluble receptor suggest that the proteolysis is occurring from the cell surface. Finally, a number of experiments suggest that the degradation rate depends upon the conformation state of the receptor: binding of IGF-II or Man 6-P makes the receptor more susceptible to proteolysis while the presence of lysosomal enzymes prevents receptor proteolysis. In summary, the serum form of the IGF-II receptor is a proteolytic product of the cellular form of the receptor. The rate of release depends upon the number of receptors at the cell surface and the binding state of the receptor. In circulation, the receptor retains the ability to bind both types of ligands, it thus may serve as an IGF binding protein and/or a lysosomal enzyme binding protein. These results suggest a model whereby the cellular receptor is proteolytically cleaved by a plasma membrane protease to produce a short membrane anchored fragment and the serum receptor. In vivo this pathway serves as the major degradative pathway of the IGF-II/Man 6-P receptor, with the serum form being cleared from circulation by further degradation and reuptake.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A presente pesquisa em psicanálise parte da indagação sobre o que leva um jovem a se marcar intencionalmente na pele, através de tatuagens. Ao lado da inscrição cultural com suas produções de pertencimento, a pesquisa formulará uma sistematização teórica e investigativa sobre a realidade psíquica dos jovens que se tatuam. A concepção do corpo, seus significados através de alguns discursos científicos estará contemplado no estudo. No entanto, é a representação psíquica que será problematizada no âmbito da teoria psicanalítica. A escritura na pele será enfatizada também em relação à exclusividade do amor materno através de freqüentes casos de jovens que se tatuam com frases escritas na pele invocando o amor só de mãe. Cabe a indagação sobre a qualidade desta relação, tentando confrontar o caráter factual e mítico na relação do sujeito com a mãe. Através da escuta, a partir de depoimentos colhidos de forma livre, foram entrevistados 7 jovens, entre 16 e 18 anos, originados de classe social baixa e pertencentes a instituições não governamentais que desenvolvem programa de inclusão social, e governamentais destinadas a vigilância da proteção integral do jovem em conformidade com o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. O mecanismo psíquico subjacente ao ato de marcar o corpo revela um importante caminho para compreensão do sujeito frente a questões indissociáveis da existência humana. Entre estar em situação de risco social e produzir riscos na pele, surge uma fronteira, borda, que faz circular os discursos atestando a condição de existência do desamparo e o apelo de uma proteção / This research project, referred into psycho-analytical theory, departs from the questioning of what takes a youth to intentionally mark his/her skin with tattoos and similar signs. On the side of the culture inscription with its productions of belonging, the research project will formulate a theorical and investigative systematization about the psychic reality of the youths that have themselves tattooed. The body conception will be contemplated in the study, in meanings through the differents cientific views and its meanings. However it is the psychic representation that will be the problematic in the field of the psycho-analytical theory. Its proper to question the conception of the subject and the language, taking into consideration the languages dimension steped on the body through phrases and symbols exposed to the others eyes. The mark on the skin will be also emphasized in relation to the exclusivity of the maternal love through frequent cases of youths that have themselves tattooed with sentences written in their skin invoking that real love just the mothers. Its proper to question about the quality of this relation, trying to confront the factual and mythical character in the subjects relation with his/her mother. From 7 youths, between 16 and 18 years old, will be listened through the depositions collected form free. These youths are of underpriviledged back-ground and belonged to institutions that develop program of social inclusion, as will as those designated by the state to the minors integral protection in accordance with the brazilian children and adolescent statue. The psychic mechanisms related to the act of making a mark on the body reveals an important way to the comprehension of the subject in the face of questions that cannot be separated of human existence. Being in a social risk situation and make marks on his/her skin, cames up a frontier, an edge, that makes the speeches that testifies the condition to existence of and that appeals for protection circulate

A presente dissertação tem como tema o zoneamento geoambiental de bacias hidrográficas afluentes do Rio Ibicuí, no sudoeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, que sofreram intensas transformações, sobretudo, a partir das últimas décadas com a intensificação dos processos erosivos e a incorporação de espécies exóticas nas áreas com processo de arenização. De forma a contemplar a temática proposta, o principal objetivo do trabalho é desenvolver um zoneamento geoambiental, que permita avaliar e diagnosticar as potencialidades e fragilidades da paisagem frente aos elementos geomorfológicos e aos usos da terra. A metodologia empregada inclui mapeamentos temáticos com o auxílio de SIGs (Sistemas de Informação Geográfica), trabalho de campo e laboratório que servem de base para o zoneamento geoambiental. Essas bases refletem uma condição climática, geomorfológica e de uso e ocupação, favoráveis ao desencadeamento de processos erosivos intensos, sendo que o substrato litológico mais suscetível para o desenvolvimento das manchas de areia e voçorocas na área de estudo são os arenitos de origem fluvial da Formação Guará. As características das bacias demonstram um padrão de drenagem retangular, revelado por controles estruturais preferenciais na direção NE e NW, e E-W que ocasiona contatos retos e mudanças abruptas dos cursos. Os dados levantados indicam, ainda, que o zoneamento geoambiental comporta uma hierarquia de seis sistemas e nove unidades com características potenciais e limitantes para cada compartimento da paisagem. As zonas de maior fragilidade ocorrem no Sistema Sanga da Areia, e são indicadas pelas unidades formadas por colinas arenosas onde se desenvolvem com frequência areais e voçorocas. É neste sistema que estão sendo identificados os primeiros plantios de espécies arbóreas exóticas, realizados por empresas de madeira e celulose. Verificou-se ainda, intensa transformação imposta pelas atividades antrópicas, sobretudo com as lavouras de arroz nas várzeas, o que alterou as drenagens e os solos e degradou a vegetação, trazendo sérias limitações para o Sistema Manoel Viana e Sistema Ibicuí. Entre as unidades com potencialidades destaca-se a contribuição da vegetação, onde se sugere, de imediato, devido às pressões das monoculturas, a preservação da unidade butiáanão, espécie endêmica do Bioma Pampa. / The following dissertation has as a theme the geoenvironmental zoning of hydrographic basin aflluents of the Ibicuí River, in the southwest of Rio Grande do Sul state, that have suffered intense transformations, above all, from the last decades with the intensification of the erosive processes and the incorporation of exotic species in the areas with process of arenização. Aiming to contemplate the given thematic, the paper's main objective is to develop a geoenvironmental zoning, that allows evaluation and diagnosis of the potentialities and fragilities of the landscape face to the geomorphology elements and the uses of the land. The methodology used includes thematic mappings with the aid of SIGs (Geographic Information Systems), field and laboratory works that serve as basis for the geoenvironmental zoning. These basis reflect a climatic, geomorphologic, usage and occupation condition, favorable to the unleash of intense erosive processes, considering that the lithified substrate more susceptible for the development of the sand stains and gully erosion in the area of study are the sandstones of fluvial origin from the Guará Formation. The characteristics of the basins demonstrate a rectangular pattern of drainage, revealed by preferential structural controls in the direction NE and NW, and E-W that gives rise to straight contacts and abrupt changes of the courses. The data collected indicates yet that the geoenvironmental zoning supports a hierarchy of six systems and nine units with potential and limiting characteristics for each compartment of the landscape. The zones of higher fragility occur in the Sanga da Areia System, and are indicated by the units formed by sandy hills where sand flats and gully erosion are frequently developed. It is in this system that the first plantings of exotic arboreal species are being identified, made by the companies of wood and cellulose. It was also verified intense transformation imposed by anthropic activities, especially with the planted grounds of rice in the dales, which altered the drainages and the soils, and degraded the vegetation, bringing serious limitations for the Manoel Viana and Ibicuí Systems. Among the areas with potentialities stands out the contribution of the vegetation, where it is immediately suggested, due to the pressure of monocultures, the preservation of the butiá-anão unity, endemic species of the Pampa Biome.

Among the web 2.0 applications, a micro-blog (Weibo in Chinese), resembling the combination of a Twitter-like Internet service has gained substantial popularity in China. Sina Weibo is the market leader with approximately 50% of the market share. Around 80% of the users on Sina Weibo are young people. Hence, it is necessary to analyze young Chinese users of Sina Weibo and examine whether Sina Weibo fulfills the needs of young people and whether Sina Weibo meets their expectations. The study used the theory of uses and gratifications and the theory of expectancy-value as theoretical foundations. This study summarized six gratifications items (including social interaction, social networking, information seeking, information sharing, entertainment and recognition) from previous studies, and used these gratifications items to analyze: (1) the relationships between demographics and gratifications obtained; (2) the relationships between Sina Weibo usage and gratifications obtained: (3) the correlations between gratifications sought and gratifications obtained. This study used quantitative method to obtain data from a questionnaire and all the data were input to SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) for analyzing. The questionnaire was conducted and was distributed in Sojump.com. The results showed that Sina Weibo meets their users’ needs from six gratifications dimensions.

This study discusses whether an individualized news consumption leads to a fragmentationamong readers, to the extent that news of social importance, that contribute to a democratic debate are neglected or missed. Areas of interest are how students of a university in the western part of Sweden consume news and in what ways, through the internet, smartphones, computers or newspapers as well as what genres of news are consumed. The uses and gratification theory and theory of the public sphere constitute the theoretical framework of the study. The method used is that of a quantitative nature, more specifically surveys conducted online. The study was not representative for the total population and thus only expresses itself regarding the answers given by the respondents. Finally, the study finds that the respondents use the possibility of an individualized media content more as a tool to consume a little extraof the news genres they find interesting rather than neglect traditional news media completely.

Submitted by dalvanir lima (dalvanir07@gmail.com) on 2015-11-03T14:23:29Z No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivototal.pdf: 4633286 bytes, checksum: 11662799b929870f07f257e0be870d6b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-03T14:23:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivototal.pdf: 4633286 bytes, checksum: 11662799b929870f07f257e0be870d6b (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-19 / This research starts with a reflection on the draft decree no 3.551 establishing the record of cultural immaterial nature of the Brazilian cultural patrimony and that, somehow, it has been extending the meaning of the patrimony category. So, this dissertation investigated the construction process of the social reality of what comes to be constituted and defined as significant cultural patrimony, having as reference the processes for grabs control of the area around the historic center of Fortaleza-CE. It took specifically as empirical field for anthropological analysis and understanding the case of residents Poço da Draga who have resided in the neighborhood Centro for over 70 years. The category of patrimony here is thought ethnologically with reference to the views of residents, their uses and their narratives in the space the neighborhood Centro.This research starts with a reflection on the draft decree no 3.551 establishing the record of cultural immaterial nature of the Brazilian cultural patrimony and that, somehow, it has been extending the meaning of the patrimony category. So, this dissertation investigated the construction process of the social reality of what comes to be constituted and defined as significant cultural patrimony, having as reference the processes for grabs control of the area around the historic center of Fortaleza-CE. It took specifically as empirical field for anthropological analysis and understanding the case of residents Poço da Draga who have resided in the neighborhood Centro for over 70 years. The category of patrimony here is thought ethnologically with reference to the views of residents, their uses and their narratives in the space the neighborhood Centro. / Esta pesquisa parte de uma reflexão acerca da proposta do Decreto no 3.551 que institui o registro de bens culturais de natureza imaterial constituintes do patrimônio cultural brasileiro e que, de certa forma, tem alargado os significados da categoria de patrimônio. Assim, esta dissertação investigou o processo de construção da realidade social do que vem a ser constituído e definido como patrimônio cultural significativo, tendo como referência os processos em disputa de controle do espaço, em torno do Centro Histórico de Fortaleza. Tomou, especificamente, como terreno empírico para análise e compreensão antropológica o caso dos moradores do Poço da Draga que têm residido no bairro Centro por mais de 70 anos. A categoria de patrimônio aqui é pensada etnograficamente tendo como referência o ponto de vista desses moradores, seus usos e suas narrativas no espaço do bairro central.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:50:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:59:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 09633.pdf: 2598713 bytes, checksum: 04d56bf4fb2ee6bee44fb5d6fc5b4c8c (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia) / IPEN/D-MPLO / Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo

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