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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Vórtices BPS na eletrodinâmica de Maxwell-Higgs com acoplamento nªo mínimo quebrando as simetrias de CPT e de Lorentz / BPS vortices in Maxwell-Higgs electrodynamics with minimum coupling breaking the CPT and Lorentz symmetries

Mota, Alexsandro Lucena 30 September 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-06-07T18:48:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexsandroLucenaMota.pdf: 2757687 bytes, checksum: 04b1d52c9ca203ed571f49aacf10eeac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T18:48:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexsandroLucenaMota.pdf: 2757687 bytes, checksum: 04b1d52c9ca203ed571f49aacf10eeac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / The first studies on Lorentz-violating BPS vórtices were accomplished within the framework of the Standard Model Extension (SME). Specifically, it was studied the effects of the Lorentz violation in the vortex solutions presented in the Maxwell-Higgs electrodynamics. The formation of vórtices was also analyzed in (1+2)-dimensional models obtained by dimensional reduction of the SME Abelian sector. Among the several effects of the Lorentz violation we can mention: the control of both the amplitude as the width of the vortex, magnetic field reversion, magnetic flux quantization with explicit dependence on the Lorentz-violating coefficients. In this dissertation we study the existence of topological BPS vórtices in a Maxwell-Higgs model in which the covariant derivative is modified by the addition of a CPT-odd term, which breaks the CPT- and Lorentz symmetry due to the presence of a vectorial background. The interaction generating a set of self-dual or first-order equations includes a potential jφj4 and a derivative coupling j@iφj4. Although the self-dual equations are very different of those belonging to the usual MaxwellHiggs model, the new vortex solutions behave just like the Aharonov-Nielsen-Olesen ones, but the mass scale depends explicitly on the Lorentz-violating coefficient. / Os primeiros estudos sobre vórtices BPS no contexto da violação da simetria de Lorentz foram realizadas no marco teórico do modelo padrão estendido (MPE). Especificamente, foram estudados os efeitos da quebra de Lorentz sobre os vórtices existentes na eletrodinâmica de Maxwell-Higgs. Também, foram estudadas a formação de vórtices em modelos (1+2)-dimensionais obtidos via redução dimensional do setor Abeliano do MPE. Entre os diversos efeitos da quebra de Lorentz podemos citar: controle da amplitude e largura do vórtice, inversão do campo magnético, fluxo magnético quantizado com dependência explícita nos coeficientes da quebra de Lorentz, etc. Nesta dissertação estudamos a existência de vórtices topológicos em um modelo de MaxwellHiggs cuja derivada covariante é modificada pela inclusão de um termo CPT-ímpar, o qual quebra a simetria de Lorentz devido a presença de um campo de fundo vetorial. A interação, que gera um sistema de equações auto-duais de primeira ordem, inclui um potencial jφj4 e um acoplamento derivativo j@iφj4. A pesar das equações auto-duais serem bem diferentes daquelas do modelo de Maxwell-Higgs, os vórtices obtidos se comportam como aqueles de Aharonov-Nielsen-Olesen, mas a escala de massa depende explicitamente do coeficiente que controla a quebra de Lorentz.

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