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No description available.

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Blastocystis is an obligately anaerobic protist, commonly found in intestinal tract of numerous animals and humans across whole world. It is genetically very variable and rather enigmatic organism. Many aspects of its biology need to be further studied and clarified. On a chosen farm were during the year 2010 collected samples of pig faeces for parasitological survey. A total number of 40 samples was collected and cultivated by the method of Dobel-Leidlaw (1926). Of them, 19 was positive for Blastocystis. Other samples were checked by molecular methods (PCR). Using them, five Blastocystis sequences were obtained, which clearly belong to subtypes 1 and 5.

No description available.

The complex Gymnadenia conopsea s.l. represents a very problematic group in terms of taxonomy, showing a wide morphological, phenological, genetical and cytogenetical variability. The aggregate G. conopsea encompasses a range of taxa, two of which, G. conopsea (L.) R. Br. s.s. and G. densiflora (Wahlenb.) A. Dietr., have been acknowledged as beeing a species level. Individual taxa cannot be safely distinguished on the basis of morphological characteristics in all cases. Recently, there has been a lot of discussion concerning the taxonomical value of taxons within the G. conopsea complex. The complex is represented by a variety of cytotypes, while the major tetraploid cytotypes represent the above mentioned G. conopsea and G. densiflora taxa, that are easily distinguishable by means of flow cytometry. The taxonomical classification of minority cytotypes is not clear. For these reasons, to be able to obtain more detailed information, an application of different approaches from the field of morphology, cytogenetics and molecular genetics is suitable when evaluating the populations. In this thesis, morphological characteristics, AFLP and an analysis of microsatellites along with a measurement of ploid level using FCM have been used for evaluation. On the basis of evaluating a multidimensional cluster analysis and a dendrogram created by the UPGMA method combining these data, a specific dissimilarity of the G. densiflora and G. conopsea taxon has been confirmed. Based on the comparative analysis of microsatellite loci and overlapping morphometric characteristics of tetraploid and octoploid G. conopsea cytotype it can be assumed that the octoploid cytotype is a separate chromosomal aberration of tetraploid plants.

The genetic variability and diversity of the Old Kladruber horse breed is evaluated in this master thesis. The aim is to evaluate the variability and diversity in the breed, between the sire lines and inside these lines. The detailed information about the Old Kladruber horse breed is presented in the literary overview with the breed history including the regeneration process. Basic indexes of the genetic variability are presented in the next part. 17 microsatellite markers were used to evaluate the genetic variability and diversity with further statistical analyses performed in GENEPOP 4.2 and ARLEQUIN 3.5 programs. The allele and genotype frequencies were calculated together with the number of alleles per loci and Hardy -- Weinberg equilibrium was tested for the population. Polymorphic information content, observed and expected heterozygosity and fixation coefficients were calculated. The results show surprisingly high degree of genetic variability in the Old Kladruber horse, increased probably due to introduction of other breeds during the regeneration process.

The aim of the study was to study the variability of the gene in the population FABP3 pig breed Czech large white. Analyze their association with indicators of pork production. Gene FABP3 belonging to multigene families FABP (fatty acid binding proteins affecting the transport of long chain fatty acids). Analyzed polymorphism was at position X98558:g.1321G>C in the 5'UTR region. The relative frequencies of genotypes were: HH = 0,87, Hh = 0,13. hh genotype was not detected in the monitored individuals. The values of the relative frequencies of alleles were as follows: H = 0,93 h = 0,07. Based on the association analysis showed a statistically significant difference between genotypes for stearic acid and linoleic acid. Highly statistically significant difference was observed with palmitic acid.