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The thesis talks about the environmental risks as the outcome of long-term drought. In the first parts of the thesis drought is examined as a phenomena, it talks about the importance of thorough knowledge of this phenomena paying attention also to the reasons for its occurrence and describing the different types of drought. The thesis further tries to describe the impact of drought on the environment and the landscape, and monitor changes that happen there. The work also deals with strategic documents as regulation tools which should help mitigate the negative impact drought has on the environment or prevent them completely. These documents are analysed and their usefulness and the degree to which they help solve the problems given is considered. In the practical part the water balance of the selected area with special degree of protection is evaluated with the prospect until 2100. Based on maps created in the program ArcGIS it was assessed whether the area has become drier and how dry it will be in the next decades. This part of the work further evaluates the flow rates in the chosen watercourse in the examined area, provided by the Czech hydrometeorological institute. It was found that the area has negative water balance which means it is becoming drier. Changes in the flow of water (especially less flow) in the river Punkva are not statistically significant. Based on this data it cannot be said that the flow of water is decreasing. It is possible that if the data were collected for longer time (perhaps 30 to 40 years) the changes in the flow of water could be proved. There is open space for further research. The above mentioned findings can be used as basis for further expert works dealing with this problematics.