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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
391

Anatomofisiologia dos mecanismos voluntários e involuntários na didática vocal: uma abordagem multidisciplinar na criação de vocalizes e exercícios no canto / Anatomy and physiology of voluntary and involuntary mechanism in the sing: a multidisciplinary approach in vocal teaching

Cruz, Cleuber Pereira da 04 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-28T11:30:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cleuber Pereira da Cruz - 2015.pdf: 1386331 bytes, checksum: f31985ca1883ca0bc574ab80a80d58ab (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-28T11:40:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cleuber Pereira da Cruz - 2015.pdf: 1386331 bytes, checksum: f31985ca1883ca0bc574ab80a80d58ab (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T11:40:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Cleuber Pereira da Cruz - 2015.pdf: 1386331 bytes, checksum: f31985ca1883ca0bc574ab80a80d58ab (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research comes to detailing the operation of voluntary and involuntary phonic mechanisms and processes, with the theoretical basis of Boone & McFarlane’s studies (1994); discussions of the interrelationships with other disciplines, aimed at enhancing the teaching of singing; and the investigation of ways of how to stimulate the creativity of the teacher in adapting and creating vocalizes and exercises, that these are only suggestions for the teaching area. Resulted from the reading, reflection and composition of a Corpus of Texts (BAUER and GASKELL, 2003, p. 496), which allowed elaborate justifications for each exercise and presented vocalize. Having chosen the set of texts that constitute this study the data used, it is expected that the analysis of five proposed exercises and vocalizes, promote the extension of discussions on the Teaching of Singing, with a view to improvement of vocal preparation singer. It should be noted, in conclusion, that there is a need for more publications and descriptions of teaching methodologies in this area. / Essa pesquisa trata de detalhar o funcionamento dos mecanismos e processos fônicos voluntários e involuntários, tendo como base teórica os textos de Boone e McFarlane (1994); as discussões das inter-relações do canto com outras disciplinas, visando valorizar o ensino do canto; e a investigação das formas de como estimular a criatividade do professor na adaptação e criação de vocalizes e exercícios, que se tratam de apenas sugestões para a área de ensino do canto. Resultou da leitura, reflexão e composição de um Corpus de Textos ( BAUER e GASKELL, 2003, p. 496), que possibilitou elaborar justificativas para cada exercício e vocalize apresentado. Tendo escolhido o conjunto de textos, que constituem neste estudo os dados que foram utilizados, espera-se que a análise dos 5 exercícios e vocalizes propostos, promova o alargamento da discussões sobre a Didática do Canto, tendo em vista a melhora da preparação vocal do cantor. Ressalta-se, como conclusão, que há uma necessidade de mais publicações e descrições de metodologias de ensino nesta área.
392

Efeito da terapia vocal associada ao biofeedback eletromiográfico em mulheres com disfonia comportamental: ensaio clínico randomizado, controlado e cego / Effect of vocal therapy associated with electromyographic biofeedback in women with behavioral dysphonia: randomized controlled blinded clinical trial

Vanessa Veis Ribeiro 10 November 2017 (has links)
Introdução: as disfonias podem acometer o nível respiratório, glótico e ressonantal/articulatório, limitar a eficiência da comunicação e gerar prejuízos na qualidade de vida. Quando a etiologia da disfonia está relacionada ao uso vocal incorreto, elas são classificadas como comportamentais. Apesar da literatura mostrar a efetividade de alguns métodos e programas de reabilitação vocal, poucos exploram a autopercepção corporal e a participação da musculatura corporal no quadro da disfonia. A fim de melhorar essas questões, a literatura propôs o biofeedback eletromiográfico. Estudos que analisaram esse método são antigos e apresentam heterogeneidade metodológica, o que dificulta sua reprodução. Dessa forma, é necessário analisar o efeito do método por meio de um ensaio clínico para se obter evidências científicas sobre a intervenção para respaldar a prática clínica baseada em evidências. Objetivo: analisar a efetividade e a duração dos efeitos da terapia vocal associada ao biofeedback eletromiográfico em mulheres com disfonia comportamental. Delineamento do estudo: ensaio clínico, randomizado, controlado e cego. Método: participaram do estudo 22 mulheres (idades entre 18 e 45 anos) com diagnóstico de disfonia comportamental, alocadas de forma randomizada em dois grupos: Grupo Experimental (GE) 11 mulheres que realizaram terapia vocal associada a aplicação do biofeedback eletromiográfico nos músculos esternocleidomastoideo e supra-hioideos; Grupo Placebo (GP) 11 mulheres que realizaram terapia vocal associada a aplicação do biofeedback eletromiográfico placebo. Ambos os grupos realizaram 8 sessões de terapia, duas vezes por semana, com duração de 30 minutos. A terapia vocal de ambos os grupos foi composta por exercícios de trato vocal semiocluído (vibração, humming e fricativo). As avaliações foram realizadas em três momentos: antes, imediatamente após, depois de um e três meses da intervenção fonoaudiológica, e constaram de: avaliação vocal (perceptivo-auditiva e acústica), avaliação eletromiográfica de superfície, autoavaliação vocal, de sintomas vocais e laríngeos, da dor musculoesquelética e da qualidade de vida em voz. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente, comparando-se os grupos e os momentos de avaliação (p0,05). Resultados: A terapia vocal proposta promoveu resultados positivos na qualidade vocal, nos sintomas vocais, na qualidade de vida relacionada à voz e na atividade elétrica muscular durante o repouso em mulheres com disfonia comportamental, com ênfase nos aspectos fonatórios e comportamento vocal em nível glótico. Já o biofeedback eletromiográfico promoveu resultados positivos na atividade elétrica muscular durante as tarefas fonatórias e na dor musculoesquelética em mulheres com disfonia comportamental, com base nos aspectos comportamentais e musculares da região extrínseca da laringe, cintura escapular e cervical. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a terapia vocal associada ao biofeedback eletromiográfico tem efetividade equivalente e efeitos que se mantém pelo mesmo tempo na laringe, na voz e na autopercepção de sintomas e da qualidade de vida em voz, e é mais efetiva e tem efeitos que se mantêm por mais tempo na atividade elétrica muscular e na autopercepção da dor musculoesquelética de mulheres com disfonia comportamental do que a terapia vocal realizada de forma tradicional. / Introduction: dysphonia can affect the respiratory, glottic and ressonantal/articulatory levels, this limits the efficiency of communication and can cause quality of life damages. When the etiology of dysphonia is related to incorrect vocal use, it is classified as behavioral. Although the literature shows the effectiveness of several methods and programs of vocal rehabilitation, few investigate the self-perception and the participation of the body musculature in the dysphonia. In order to improve these issues, the literature proposed the electromyographic biofeedback. The studies that analyzed this method are remote and have methodological heterogeneity which makes it difficult to reproduce. Thus, it is necessary to analyze the effect of the method through a clinical trial to obtain scientific evidence on the intervention to support evidence-based clinical practice. Purpose: to analyze the effectiveness and duration of the effects of vocal therapy associated with electromyographic biofeedback in women with behavioral dysphonia. Study design: randomized controlled blinded clinical trial. Methods: Twenty-two women (18 to 45 years) with a diagnosis of behavioral dysphonia were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (EG) - 11 women participated in vocal therapy associated with the application of electromyographic biofeedback of the sternocleidomastoid and supra-hyoids muscles; Placebo Group (GP) - 11 women participated in vocal therapy associated with the application of placebo electromyographic biofeedback. Both groups performed eight therapy sessions, twice a week, lasting 30 minutes. The vocal therapy of both groups was composed of semioccluded vocal tract exercises (trill, humming and fricative sounds). The evaluations were performed at four time points: before, after, one and three months after the vocal therapy and will consist of the assessments: vocal (auditory-perceptual and acoustic evaluation), surface electromyographic, vocal self-assessment, vocal and laryngeal symptoms, musculoskeletal pain and quality of life in voice. The data were analyzed statistically comparing the groups and the time of evaluation (p0.05). Results: The proposed vocal therapy promoted positive results in vocal quality, laryngeal and vocal symptoms, voice-related quality of life and muscular electrical activity during rest in women with behavioral dysphonia for both groups. Electromyographic biofeedback promoted additional positive results in muscle electrical activity during phonatory tasks and musculoskeletal pain in women with behavioral dysphonia. These results are based on the behavioral and muscular aspects of the extrinsic region of the larynx, scapular and cervical muscles. Conclusion: in this study, the vocal therapy associated with electromyographic biofeedback had equivalent efficacy to traditional therapy in the larynx, voice and self-assessment of symptoms and quality of life. The biofeedback was more effective than traditional therapy on muscular electrical activity and self-perception of musculoskeletal pain and had effects that remained for a longer time in women with behavioral dysphonia.
393

Efeito da injeção do biopolímero da cana-de-açúcar na prega vocal de coelhos: estudo comparativo com a hidroxiapatita de cálcio / Effect of sugarcane biopolymer injected in rabbit vocal fold: comparative study with calcium hydroxyapatite

Silvio José de Vasconcelos 10 December 2014 (has links)
A insuficiência glótica é uma condição clínica caracterizada pelo fechamento inadequado das pregas vocais durante a fonação ou a deglutição. Nos casos mais leves, os pacientes são geralmente encaminhados para tratamento fonoterápico. Nos casos com sintomas mais importantes ou insucesso na fonoterapia, o tratamento cirúrgico se faz necessário. A melhor abordagem cirúrgica para a insuficiência glótica vem sendo debatida há mais de um século. As injeções laringoplásticas são procedimentos tecnicamente simples e com possibilidade de realização sob regime ambulatorial, no entanto seus resultados não são sempre previsíveis. Esses procedimentos também trazem consigo a possibilidade de rigidez da mucosa vocal por causa da reação inflamatória ao material utilizado. Apesar do crescente interesse por procedimentos ambulatoriais na laringologia e da popularização das injeções laringoplásticas, é sabido que se carece de materiais de melhor qualidade para resultados ainda mais consistentes. O surgimento do biopolímero de cana-de-açúcar (BPCA) e as pesquisas sobre seu uso em outras especialidades médicas apontaram para a possibilidade de que o referido material possa ser adequado ao uso nas injeções laringoplásticas. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido para estudar a reação inflamatória causada pela injeção do BPCA na prega vocal de coelhos e comparar com a reação causada pela hidroxiapatita de cálcio (HCa). Para tal, foi procedida a injeção de 0,1mL HCa e BPCA na forma de gel nas pregas vocais direita e esquerda, respectivamente, de coelhos machos adultos da raça Oryctolagus cuniculus. Os coelhos foram divididos em dois grupos de 15, os quais foram sacrificados com 3 e 12 semanas. Após o sacrifício, foi feita a remoção e o processamento do material a ser estudado. Nos cortes histológicos foram avaliados os parâmetros de intensidade e composição celular do processo inflamatório, neovascularização, fibrogênese e alterações inflamatórias na mucosa vocal. Observou-se que a HCa e o BPCA desencadearam reação inflamatória por células do grupo linfomononuclear semelhantes em ambos os períodos analisados. A HCa desencadeou uma reação inflamatória por células gigantes intensa em todas as amostras e significativamente mais importante que o BPCA em ambos os períodos estudados. O BPCA apresentou reação inflamatória por células do grupo polimorfonucleares mais intensa do que a HCa apenas 3 semanas após a injeção. Não houve diferença entre as duas substâncias no que concerne à formação de tecido fibroso no leito cirúrgico após 3 e 12 semanas. Houve uma maior neoformação vascular com a injeção de BPCA comparado com a HCa após 3 semanas do procedimento. Não houve diferença estatística nessa variável após 12 semanas. Com relação às alterações inflamatórias da mucosa, não houve diferença significativa entre as substâncias nos três parâmetros estudados: integridade do epitélio, infiltrado inflamatório e presença de fibras colágenas na região submucosa. Conclui-se que, enquanto a HCa desencadeia uma reação inflamatória mediada por células gigantes, mais intensa e duradoura, o BPCA apresenta uma resposta por polimorfonucleares, assim como uma neoformação vascular mais importantes apenas após 3 semanas da injeção. Outros estudos devem ser realizados para avaliar o potencial do uso do BPCA no tratamento da insuficiência glótica / The glottal insufficiency is a clinical condition featured by abnormal closure of vocal folds during the process of phonation or deglutition. In most mild, cases patients are usually referred to speech therapy. In those cases presenting more relevant symptoms or failure in speech therapy, the surgical procedure is mandatory. The best surgical approach for glottal insufficiency has been debated over the past one hundred years. Laryngoplastic injections are technically simple procedures and possible to be performed in an outpatient basis, however their results are not always predictable. Such procedures may also present stiffness in the vocal mucosa due to the inflammatory reaction to the material which has been used. Despite of the fact that the growing interest in outpatient basis procedures in laryngology as well as the popularization of laryngoplastic injections, it is well known the lack of better quality materials for inducing much more consistent results. The arising of sugarcane biopolymer (SCB) along with researches on its use in other medical specialties demonstrated that there is a possibility for adequately using the mentioned material in laryngoplastic injections. The present work has been developed for the purpose of studying the inflammatory reaction which is caused by sugarcane biopolymer (SCB) injected in rabbits vocal folds as well as comparing to that reaction caused by calcium hydroxyapatite (HCa). For this experiment adult male rabbits from the race Oryctolagus cuniculus have been used, thus, 0.1 ml of HCa and of SCB in gel form were injected in their right and left vocal folds respectively. Rabbits have been divided into two groups of 15 each which were sacrificed at 3 and 12 weeks. After sacrifice, the vocal cords were removed and processed in order to be studied. Parameters as intensity and cellular composition in the inflammatory process, neovascularization, fibrogenesis as well as inflammatory alterations of vocal mucosa have been analyzed in histological pieces. It has been observed that HCa and SCB triggered an inflammatory reaction by lymphomononuclear group cells which are similar in the analysis of both periods. HCa triggered an inflammatory reaction by giant cells being intense in all of the samples and significantly more relevant as compared to SCB in the study of both periods. SCB presented an inflammatory reaction by polymorphonuclear group cells which was more intense as compared to HCa in just three weeks after injection. There was no difference between the two substances concerning the fibrous tissue building-up after three and twelve weeks. There was a larger vascular neoformation when injecting SCB as compared to HCa injection three weeks after procedure. There was no statistical difference in such a variable after twelve weeks. In respect of mucosa inflammatory changes, there was no significant difference between the substances by studying those three parameters as follows: epithelial integrity, inflammatory infiltrate and the presence of collagenous fibers in the submucosal region. In conclusion, while HCa triggers an inflammatory reaction mediated by giant cells which is more intense and lasting, SCB in its turn presents a more prevalent response by polymorphonuclear cells as well as by a vascular neoformation just three weeks after injection. Other studies should be done in order to evaluate the potential use of SCB in treating glottal insufficiency
394

A influência da configuração do trato vocal na sonoridade da flauta / -

Fabiana Moura Coelho 09 May 2014 (has links)
O presente trabalho busca demonstrar de forma objetiva a influência das diferentes configurações de trato vocal na sonoridade da flauta. As alterações ocorridas na sonoridade do instrumento são, em geral, percebidas empiricamente pelos músicos a partir de imagens mentais acerca da configuração de seu trato vocal. Todavia, não há, entre os flautistas, uma visão mais clara e objetiva dos fenômenos ocorridos para que as alterações de timbre se viabilizem. Isso se deve, em grande parte, ao considerável número de variáveis envolvidas, como o ângulo de incidência do jato de ar no orifício do instrumento, movimentos de mandíbula, pressão do jato, entre outros. Considerando-se que as alterações de timbre são elemento essencial da interpretação musical e compõem não apenas o vocabulário técnico do instrumentista, mas, sobretudo, seu vocabulário criativo e sua sensibilidade musical, foi realizado um experimento que procurou mostrar com maior objetividade o papel do trato vocal nas alterações de timbre da flauta. O experimento consistiu em um aparato composto por um fonte de ar, um tanque/pulmão, modelos de trato vocal, embocadura artificial e o instrumento. Os resultados foram gravados e, posteriormente, analisados e comparados às medidas de impedância dos protótipos de trato vocal construídos para o experimento. Foram também realizadas entrevistas qualitativas com flautistas profissionais e professores com larga experiência na execução e no ensino do instrumento, que agregaram elementos à análise. A partir desses elementos, foram constatadas evidências contundentes de que as diferentes configurações do trato vocal são capazes de modificar a sonoridade da flauta. / The main objective of this research is to objectively demonstrate the influence of changes in the configuration of the vocal tract on the sound of the flute. These alterations are generally noticed empirically by musicians and are represented by mental images of the configuration of the vocal tract. The alterations of the vocal tract configuration are considered an important element of the musical interpretation. Nevertheless, there is not a clear and objective perception among flutists of how the vocal tract works to influence the sound of the flute. This is due to the considerable number of variables that are involved in this process, such as the angle and the pressure of the air jet on the instrument, the movements of the jaw, among others. In order to achieve the proposed objective, we designed an experiment whose main goal was to demonstrate the existence of vocal tract influence on the timbre of the flute. For this purpose we built an artificial blower that enables the elimination of the influence caused by modifications in the shape and position of lips and jaw. The results were recorded and analyzed in comparison with the measurement of the impedance of the prototypes of vocal tract that were built to the experiment. Moreover, we also conducted interviews with professional flutists and professors with extensive experience on the field, to aggregate elements to the final analysis. In conclusion, we were able to assert that there are compelling evidences that the different configurations of the vocal tract are able to modify the sound of the flute.
395

Percepção corporal do cantor : um estudo etnográfico sobre a performance vocal / The singer's body : an ethnographic study of the vocal performance

Mota Maier, Regina Helena Cunha, 1963- 09 October 2013 (has links)
Orientador: Sara Pereira Lopes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T23:02:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MotaMaier_ReginaHelenaCunha_M.pdf: 2269037 bytes, checksum: 050b989b94ea1add4165330c31806262 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A presente dissertação investiga a corporalidade do cantor em cena. O trabalho estuda possibilidades expressivas do canto e sua relação com a pedagogia da voz. O eixo que direciona o trabalho é a constituição da pesquisadora enquanto cantora e professora de canto e a (im)possível relação dialógica entre essas duas posições. Partindo de uma retrospectiva das referencias musicais da pesquisadora, a discussão do arcabouço bibliográfico e teórico contrapõe-se à problematização empreendida no segundo capítulo quanto à performance. Desse modo, intenta-se ressaltar os efeitos do entendimento da performance sob a perspectiva conceitual de Zumthor, o que resultou na ressignificação da experiência da pesquisadora como cantora e professora. A vivência da preparação vocal de um grupo de 11 cantores indicia tais efeitos. As considerações que fecham o trabalho partem da certeza de que não há respostas prontas, porém reelaboram algumas das idéias que podem permitir uma continuidade nas investigações, apontando para a indissociabilidade entre corpo e voz / Abstract: The present dissertation investigates the singer's body on stage. The work studies expressive possibilities in singing, and their connection with vocal pedagogy. The axis which orients the work is the researcher's constitution as a singer and teacher, and the (im)possible dialogical relationship between these two. Starting from a retrospective of the researcher's musical references, the discussion of the theoretical and bibliographic structures are collated with the performance as problematized in the second chapter. Thus, this study intends to stress an understanding of performance according to Zumthor's perspective, which resulted in a re-signification of the researcher's experience as a singer and teacher. An experience with the vocal coaching of a group of 11 singers, indicate such effects. The final considerations which close the work, though implying there are no ready answers, elaborate some ideas which might allow continuity for this research, pointing to the indivisibility between body and voice / Mestrado / Artes Cenicas / Mestra em Artes
396

Vägen till Bel Canto : Om min omskolning till Chiaroscuro

Wiger Pilotti, Katarina January 2009 (has links)
I am a practising classical soprano. After more than 20 years of professional singing, I re-trained my voice according to principles of the old Italian school of singing. In this essay, I examine the origins and priciples of bel canto, with special focus on appoggio and chiaroscuro, two key ingredients in the bel cantao tradition. I explore the relationship between science and the craft of singing, and what modern voice science has to say about the efficiency and health aspects of this technique, I also describe the profound effect it has had on me as an artist.
397

An Investigation of the Whistle Register in the Female Voice

Walker, Steven 05 1900 (has links)
The purpose of the study was concerned with specific elements of the portion of the female voice commonly referred to as whistle or flute register. Three elements of vocal production were chosen for which past research has demonstrated relationships to source function. These elements included spectral characteristics, airflow rates, and perceptual identification. The research compared what the singer-subjects perceived as being whistle register phonations with that which they perceived as being head register phonations. A comparative technique was utilized where pitch, intensity and phonemic category were held relatively constant, register, therefore, being the only variable. Spectral characteristics and airflow rates of the two subject-determined registers were compared. In addition, an attempt was made to determine if the whistle register could be perceptually differentiated on the basis of voice quality,
398

How vital is the voice? The use of vocal activities in group music therapy with institutionalised individuals with Cerebral Palsy in providing opportunities for self-expression and social interaction

Cumming, Marie-Victoire 29 October 2012 (has links)
This research study explores how the use of a selection of vocal activities in group music therapy may provide institutionalised individuals with CP opportunities for self-expression and social interaction. In addition, the manner in which self-expression is related to social interaction, in this context, is investigated. The study falls into the interpretive paradigm and uses a qualitative approach. A case study design is utilised. A total of eight sessions were conducted over a period of eight weeks, with a group comprising five individuals with CP, ranging from 9-17 years of age. Each individual presented with communication and cognitive impairments, resulting in an inability to verbally communicate. The study makes use of two sources of naturally-occurring data, including four selected video excerpts and in-depth clinical session notes. Coding, categorising and theme identification are utilised in the analysis of the video excerpts and corresponding session notes. My role as music therapy intern in facilitating the vocal activities was key to this process, in terms of providing the individuals with opportunities for self-expression and social interaction. My role in facilitating the vocal activities contributed towards the development of a therapeutic relationship with myself and the group members, which in turn, created the capacity for the ability to socially interact with one another in the group, paralleled with certain stages of relating as theorised within Object Relations Theory. Through my engagement with the group members and because of the existing therapeutic relationship between us, a capacity was created for the individuals to interact and engage with others, enhanced by my role in providing, holding and containing the individuals in order for them to feel safe and confident to interact with others in the group. Copyright / Dissertation (MMus)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Music / unrestricted
399

A Survey of the Research Literature on the Female High Voice

Stephen, Roberta M. (Roberta Mae) 12 1900 (has links)
The location of the available research literature and its relationship to the pedagogy of the female high voice is the subject of this thesis. The nature and pedagogy of the female high voice are described in the first four chapters. The next two chapters discuss maintenance of the voice in conventional and experimental repertoire. Chapter seven is a summary of all the pedagogy. The last chapter is a comparison of the nature and the pedagogy of the female high voice with recommended areas for further research. For instance, more information is needed to understand the acoustic factors of vibrato, singer's formant, and high energy levels in the female high voice.
400

Modelling The Acoustics Of The Vocal Tract Using Phase-Integral Theory

Bhattacharya, Sukumar 07 1900 (has links) (PDF)
No description available.

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