No description available.

No description available.

In 2009 the field experiments with the Czech varieties of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were established on the two experiment areas. The evaluation took place in 2010 and 2011 in the small plots and in the individual outplanting. The size one plot was 10 m2. The main objective was to determine the similarities in the Czech collection. The morphological, yields, and biological traits were evaluated. The same varieties were evaluated using SSR markers. The Clusters analyses with the morphological and yields traits divided the set of alfalfas to the two groups and individual group with only one variety Palava. The Cluster analyse created with SSR markers divided the set also to the two groups and individual group with Jitka variety. The result of the both analyses was the similarity between Morava and Niva. In addition the intra-varietal variability was evaluated. A low intra-varietal variability was found out in cultivars Jarka, Holyna and Morava. On the other hand, however, the cultivar 'Litava' showed a high degree of imbalance. Using the correlation coefficients were found the close relationships between the characters, a direct correlation between the traits "the length of the stem" and "the number of the pods in the inflorescence". The absolute independence was found between "the length of the inflorescence" and "the number of pods per 100 flowers".

No description available.

No description available.

The aim was comparison of drought and frost resistence of selected varieties of Medicago sativa L. from domestic and foreign. The evaluation was performed by a series of laboratory experiments and observations in two replications in 2009 ? 2010. The results were evaluated as the most resistant varieties to frost variety from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Namely variety Magda Litava, Tisa and Synthesis. As the least resistant varieties have been evaluated varieties from the warm coastal areas. Most resistant varieties to water deficit during vegetation varieties were evaluated Magda, Comete, Europe and Camilla. The climatic conditions of the Czech Republic would be most appropriate, according to the results observed varieties of Magda. It has high resistance to frost and has good results in drought. Other good varieties from Czech Republic are Pálava and Camilla. Of the foreign varieties would be best to use a French variety of Como, Europe and the Dutch variety of Capri. These varieties have good resistance to frost and high drought. The whole problem of drought and frost resistance of alfalfa is not yet explored, it would be appropriate, the results obtained confirmed by further research.

The aim of this work was the evaluation of experimental silages of alfalfa cress and samples of red clover silages. The first mowings were evaluated, which took place at the turn of May and June. Experimental silages and samples were analysed for infusion and nutrient indicators. The nutrient content in experimental silages of alfalfa cress ranged: 300 – 319 g/kg, crude protein 304 – 319 g/kg of dry weight, fibre 308 – 329 g/kg of dry weight, and the values for infusions were: lactic acid 1,88 – 2,61 %, acetic acid 0,68 – 1,40 % and pH 4,48 – 5,04. Experimental silages of alfalfa cress were evaluated as very high quality. For samples taken from silages of red clover, the nutrient content was: dry weight 229 – 388 g/kg, crude protein 139 – 225 g/kg of dry weight, fibre 195 – 278 g/kg and the values for infusions were: lactic acid 1,87 – 3,45 %, acetic acid 0,57 – 1,30 % and pH 4,21 – 4,71. Red clover silages taken from two farms were rated as very high quality, except the sample in which the content contained low dry weight. Silages with low dry weight represent a risk factor during silaging.

In the experiment, the influence of two different biological silage additives (Lactococcus lactis (NCIMB 30117), Lactobacillus plantarum (DSM 16568), Enterococcus faecium (DSM 22 502 / NCIMB 11181), the enzyme xylanase EC 3.2.1.8.) And chemical (43% formic acid 30% ammonium formate and 10% propionic acid and 2% benzoic acid) at a concentration of biogenic amines, nutrient content, evaluation of the quality of the fermentation process and microbiological parameters for alfalfa silage (Medicago sativa). Silage fermentation time was 90 days. Biological silage additive significantly increased incidence of putrescine (51%; P <0.05), lactic acid (11%; P <0.05), protein (11%; P <0.05). Conversely, there was a significant reduction cadaverine (29%; P <0.05), histamine (57%; P <0.05), spermidine (15%; P <0.05), spermine (55%; P <0.05), acid acid (40%; P <0.05), ethanol (55%; P <0.05) ammonia (25%; P <0.05), and ash (9%; P <0.05). In the group treated by chemical silage additive is statistically significantly increased histamine content (63%; P <0.05) and tyramine (34%; P <0.05). Decreases in the concentration of putrescine (18%; P <0.05), cadaverine (55%; P <0.05), spermidine (47%, P <0.05), spermine (45%; P <0.05), lactic acid ( 16%; P <0.05), acetic acid (46%; P <0.05) ammonia (59%, P <0.05), ash (13%, P <0.05) and fat (24%, P < 0.05). From a microbiological point of view have been affected by the lactic acid bacteria, molds, yeasts, enterobacteria and total number of microorganisms. The results show that to maintain hygiene and healthy silage is preferable to use biological and chemical silage additives. For alfalfa silage inoculant chemical has higher efficiency in maintaining health security silage compared with biological inoculant

Angl. resumé

The aim of this diploma thesis was to compare quality of protein silages made of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) (there were used two varieties Holyna and Tereza) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) (tetraploid variety Amos and diploid variety Spurt) ensiled with low dry matter content 16–20 %. Experimental parcels were founded in 2013. Plots of lucerne were harvested for three following years, plots of red clover were harvested for two following years. Green feed was ensiled into laboratory microsilos directly after harvesting. The silage quality was compared within species and variety and within different silage additives. There were analyzed contents of organic nutrients, digestibility in green material and organic nutrients, digestibility, quality of silage extracts, losses and amount of silage effluents in silages. Silages made of red clover had significantly (p <0,05) lower pH, ammonia content, content of butyric acid and proteolysis level compared to lucerne silages. Amos variety had also significantly higher content of lactic acid compared to both lucerne silages. The effect of chemical silage additive on silage quality was significant. Silages treated with chemical additive had significantly lower (p <0,05) pH, ammonia content, content of acetic acid, ethanol and level of proteolysis compared to untreated variant and variant treated with biological additive.