Spelling suggestions: "subject:"volcanic eruption""
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Dynamics of small to intermediate volume pyroclastic flowsCalder, Eliza Shona January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
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Palaeomagnetic investigations of volcano instabilityErwin, Patrick Seumas January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
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The viscosity of dacitic liquids measured at conditions relevant to explosive arc volcanism determing the influence of temperature, silicate composition, and dissolved volatile content /Hellwig, Bridget M. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 7, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Blue-sky eruptions, do they exist? : implications for monitoring New Zealand's volcanoes : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Disaster and Hazard Management at the University of Canterbury /Doherty, Angela Louise. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2009. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-161). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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The ascent and eruption of arc magmas : a physical examination of the genesis, rates, and dynamics of silicic volcanism /Dufek, Josef D. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 173-197).
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Volcanic hazard risk assessment for the RiskScape program, with test application in Rotorua, New Zealand, and Mammoth Lakes, USA : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Hazard and Disaster Management in the University of Canterbury /Kaye, G. D. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Canterbury, 2008. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references. Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Explosive volcanism on Santorini : palaeomagnetic estimation of emplacement temperatures of pyroclasticsBardot, Leon January 1997 (has links)
No description available.
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Interpretation of infrasound generated by erupting volcanoes and seismo-acoustic energy partitioning during strombolian explosions /Johnson, Jeffrey B., January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 136-142).
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Experimental study of bubble growth in Stromboli basalt melts at 1 atmosphereBai, Liping. January 2007 (has links)
In order to investigate bubble formation and growth at 1 atmosphere, degassing experiments using a Stromboli basalt with dissolved H2O or H2O + CO2 were performed in a custom furnace on a beamline at the Advanced Photon Source. The glasses were synthesized at 1250°C and 1000 MPa, with ~3.0 wt%, ~5.0 wt%, or ~7.0 wt% H2O or with mixtures of H2O + CO2, ~3.0 wt% H2O and ~440 ppm CO2, ~5.0 wt% H2O and 880 ppm CO2, ~7.0 wt% H2O and ~1480 ppm CO2, then heated on the beamline while recording the bubble growth. The 3D bubble size distributions in the quenched samples were then studied with synchrotron X-ray microtomography. / The experimental results show that bubble nucleation and growth are volatile-concentration dependent. Bubbles can easily nucleate in melts initially containing high volatile concentrations. CO2 has no significant effect on bubble formation and growth because of low CO2 concentrations. Multiple nucleation events occur in most of these degassing samples, and they are more pronounced in more supersaturated melts. Bubble growth is initially controlled by viscosity near glass transition temperatures and by diffusion at higher temperatures where melt viscous relaxation occurs rapidly. Bubble foam forms when bubbles are highly connected due to coalescence, and bubbles begin pop, 10 to 20 seconds after the foam is developed. The degree of bubble coalescence increases with time, and bubble coalescence can significantly change the bubble size distribution. Bubble size distributions follow power-law relations at vesicularities of 1.0% to 65%, and bubble size distributions evolve from power-law relations to exponential relations at vesicularities of 65% to 83%. This evolution is associated with the change from far-from-equilibrium degassing to near-equilibrium degassing. / The experimental results imply that during basaltic eruptions both far-from-equilibrium degassing and near-equilibrium degassing can occur. The far-from-equilibrium degassing generally generates the power-law bubble size distributions whereas the near-equilibrium degassing produces exponential bubble size distributions Bubbles begin to pop when the vesicularities attain 65% to 83%. Bubble expansion in the foam possibly accounts for the mechanism of magma fragmentation. / Afin d'étudier la formation et la croissance de bulle; sous pression d'une atmosphère, desexpériences de dégazage sur un basalte de Stromboli, avec HiO ou H20 + CO2 dissouts,ont été exécutées dans un four pilote sous rayonnement synchrotron à l'APS (AdvancedPhoton Source). Les verres ont été synthétisés à une température de 1250°C et unepression de 1000 MPa, avec des teneurs en eau dissoute de ~ 3.0, ~ 5.0 ou ~ 7.0% (enpoids), et des mélanges H20 + C02 à teneurs de ~ 3.0% H20 (en poids) et 440 ppm CO2,~ 5% H20 et 880 ppm CO2, et de ~ 7.0% H20 et 1480 ppm CO2. La croissance des bullesest enregistrée pendant le chauffage du mélange en utilisant le rayonnement synchrotron.Les distributions tridimensionnelles de la taille des bulles dans les échantillons trempésont été étudiées par microtomographie à rayon X synchrotron.
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Blue-sky eruptions, do they exist? : implications for monitoring New Zealand's volcanoes.Doherty, Angela Louise January 2009 (has links)
The term “blue-sky eruption” (BSE) can be used to describe eruptions which are unexpected or have no detected precursory activity. Case study analyses indicate that they have a diverse range of characteristics and magnitudes, providing both direct and indirect hazards and occur in both under-developed and developed countries. BSEs can be a result of physical triggers (e.g. the lack of physically detectable precursors or a lack of understanding of the eruption model of the volcano), social triggers (such as an inadequate monitoring network), or a combination of the two. As the science of eruption forecasting is still relatively young, and the variations between individual volcanoes and individual eruptions are so great, there is no effective general model and none should be applied in the absence of a site-specific model. Similarly, as methods vary between monitoring agencies, there are no monitoring benchmarks for effective BSE forecasting. However a combination of seismic and gas emission monitoring may be the most effective. The United States began a hazard and monitoring review of their volcanoes in 2005. While the general principles of their review would be beneficial in a monitoring review of New Zealand’s volcanoes, differences in styles of volcanism, geographic setting and activity levels mean changes would need to be review to fully appreciate the risk posed by New Zealand’s volcanoes. Similarly, the monitoring benchmarks provided in the U.S. review may not be fully applicable in New Zealand. While advances in technology may ultimately allow the effective forecasting of some BSEs, the immediate threat posed by unexpected eruptions means that effective management and mitigation measures may be the only tools currently at our disposal to reduce the risks from BSEs.
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