Alcohol abuse disorders (AUD) represent a serious worldwide health problem with far reaching social, financial, and interpersonal implications. One of the most devastating facets of these disorders is the propensity to relapse following periods of abstinence. Ethanol withdrawal (EWD) is believed to promote relapse by increasing anxiety and craving, and may contribute to the development of cognitive decline associated with long-term dependence. Clinical data suggest that stress also plays a main role in both the development of AUD as well as relapse to drinking. As a physiological stressor, EtOH elevates levels of stress hormones (cortisol in humans, corticosterone (CORT) in the rat). Both CORT and EtOH have been shown to alter the composition, function, and activity of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, and in particular, the NR2B subunit of this receptor. These alterations have been suggested to mediate EWD, which may negatively impact abstinence rates. This synergistic interaction between EtOH and CORT may present a therapeutic target for the treatment of EWD. In fact, data suggest that blocking the glucocorticoid receptor, which is a main target for CORT, with RU-486 could promote abstinence, as treatment with the drug has been shown to reduce consumption and the development dependence, as well as the severity of EWD and the cognitive deficits following EWD. However, these latter effects have not been validated in models of voluntary EtOH consumption. As there is considerable evidence that active versus passive intake can significantly impact neuroadaptations to ethanol this is an important consideration. These studies sought to characterize consumption and evaluate the development of dependence in a chronic voluntary model of intermittent access (IA) to EtOH. CORT plasma levels and protein expression of the glucocorticoid and NR2B receptors were measured during and/or following exposure. Finally, to assess the role of CORT in EtOH consumption and the development of dependence, the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist ORG-34517 was administered during access to EtOH. IA access to 20% EtOH produced varying levels of consumption (2.0-6.7g/kg/24hr exposure) and blood EtOH levels (6.3-116.9 mg/dl), but did not significantly affect food consumption or weight gain. Baseline CORT levels were found to be predictive of subsequent EtOH consumption and levels of consumption were sufficient to elevate CORT levels following one hour of EtOH exposure. Further, IA to EtOH was sufficient to produce dependence, as measured by elevations in the acoustic startle reflex following 26 hours and five days of withdrawal. No alteration in protein expression was observed regarding either the NR2B or glucocorticoid receptors and exposure to ORG-34517 had no effect on consumption or withdrawal.

What impact has volunteering on the individual and their career development? For the young man about to enter the world of work, for the non-profit organization that needs to recruit new volunteers or employers who are facing hiring new staff. This study may provide a new approach in their search for work, volunteers or employees. The purpose of this study is to highlight the experiences of volunteering for individuals' personal learning and development, and the importance of volunteering for their career development. The study has a qualitative approach. A total of nine individuals participated in the study. The results leading to different patterns that emerge and they are divided into following themes: social significance, being there for others, their own well-being, personality / values, career development, learning. Findings: Non-profit work is important for the individual, for example, it has given individuals a satisfaction to help others and see them evolve, they are delighted and they feel it is precious to them. There is also a process in individuals' self-development and learning. Individuals describe their own development, both concrete, such as "gained courage to speak in front of people", but also more abstract, such as personality. Those interviewed said that their experience of volunteering influenced career development but in different ways, either in their current work or that they through the experience got a new job. A few individuals have difficulty seeing a connection, but suggests that it may have had an impact.

Syfte: Studien har två syften: Att beskriva förekomsten av kategorier och omfattningen av frivillig redovisning om anställda som är relaterad till bolagens sociala ansvar (CSR). Att förklara vilka faktorer som påverkar omfattningen av frivillig redovisning relaterat till anställda.  Metod: Då studien har ett förklarande syfte som berör omfattningen av frivillig redovisning om anställda, så har kvantitativa metoder använts och data till studien har samlats in via en kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Studien utfördes på 56 av de 58 bolag som befann sig på Large Cap, Stockholmsbörsen 2012, varav två bolag fick räknas som bortfall på grund av andra redovisningssätt än de övriga. Datat analyserades sedan genom deskriptiv statistik och multipla regressionsanalyser.  Resultat & slutsats: Stora bolag på Stockholmsbörsen redovisar frivilligt multipla kategorier information om anställda, men den kategori som generellt används mest är profilinformation om anställda. Den faktor som främst förklarar den frivilliga informationen om anställda är bolagets skuldkvot, men också vilken industrisektor ett bolag tillhör har betydelse. Den teori som främst förklarar frivillig redovisning om anställda är agentteorin.  Förslag till fortsatt forskning: I denna studie upptäckte vi att bolag redovisar fler kategorier om anställda än vad vi i vår studie deducerat fram från tidigare forskning. En kvalitativ kartläggning av kategorierna kan därför vara ett förslag till fortsatt forskning.  Uppsatsens bidrag: Mycket av tidigare forskning när det gäller frivillig redovisning har haft ett generellt fokus, där flera olika kategorier information som berör socialt ansvar (CSR) har använts och mycket av den har berört miljö eller finansiell information. Denna studie däremot har fokus på vad bolag specifikt frivilligt redovisar om anställda och detta specifika fokus har inte tidigare utförts på stora bolag på Stockholmsbörsen.

Recent international scholarship has placed new emphasis on women’s formative role in the social, economic, political and cultural lives of their respective communities. Some researchers have suggested the greatest legacy of women’s organised contribution to those communities can be found in the history of their voluntary work. Others have urged greater recognition of that contribution through landmark recognition and historic preservation programs. To date, women’s voluntary work in Queensland has drawn limited scholarly interest and it is not well represented on the State Heritage Register. Attempts to establish links between cultural heritage and women’s history generally have been restricted to national heritage agencies in North America and Australia. However, methodologies tended to rely on existing historiography which was traditionally non-inclusive of women, and gaps in the record remained a problem. This thesis seeks to address these developments by undertaking a comprehensive gender-sensitive study of women’s voluntary work and its associated place-based dimensions, across ninety-four groups in Queensland between 1859 and 1959. A central hypothesis asserts women’s formative role as historical agents and community builders, and argues that participation in voluntary work provided opportunities to enrich and empower lives. A social history approach emphasises the diversity of women’s volunteer experiences over time and their manifestation in the built environment. The capacity of cultural heritage to effectively and comprehensively represent those experiences and map key contributions to building and shaping communities is also tested. Research confirms a direct correlation between broader historical developments and women’s volunteer responses in groups. Women reacted proactively, spontaneously and creatively to changing community needs. They committed their collective voluntary labour to address shortcomings in government policies and emerging inequalities in society, to support a nation at war and the work of various Church denominations. These findings validated women’s creative and progressive agency in volunteer-based groups to building and shaping communities, and confirmed their contribution was sustained and consistent over time. Although most volunteer experiences reflected traditional definitions of gender, more expansive opportunities were available to office-bearers, as well as those involved in self-development groups, the suffrage movement and mobilising for the war effort. Government policy did, however, attempt to restrict women’s voluntary wartime work to conventional roles, as did male-dominated ecclesiastical views within church-affiliated groups. Regardless of work or group type, evidence suggests that participation was nevertheless an empowering process. It enriched the lives of many women and facilitated their transition from the private domain of home and family to the public arena. The pioneering nature of women’s voluntary work, especially in nineteenth century Queensland, further enhanced that journey. While voluntary work over this period was dominated mostly by married upper- and middle-class women, single women were well represented. All groups benefitted from career volunteers, who displayed high levels of participation within and across groups. Many participants were motivated by strong altruist ideals, although patriotism and government propaganda played a major role during the war years, as did the influence of the Church and strong Christian beliefs for those involved in groups with a religious affiliation. A key outcome of the study is the identification of some 700 cultural heritages sites, just over half of which appear on an indicative list of places by theme. They reflect the diversity and development of women’s volunteer experiences in Queensland between 1859 and 1959 and provide tangible evidence of their sustained contribution in volunteer-based groups to processes that build and shape communities over time. Collectively, however, these sites tend to strengthen the conservative view of women’s roles, in that they were associated with services which often reflected concerns about issues impacting on home and family. Groups pursuing social or political reform were also disadvantaged in that their sites were restricted in number and frequently limited to public space and bureaucratic or ministerial offices. Likewise, the efforts of Church-based groups were diffused, given their sites of association were, in many cases, not their own. As the first of its kind in a Queensland setting, this study provides substantive findings in an area not well served by scholarly researchers in the past. It also offers an alternative gender-sensitive approach to establishing links between women’s history and cultural heritage. In addition, it has the potential to lift the visibility of women’s voluntary work through landmark recognition and historic preservation programs, whether as new entries on heritage registers, additional information for existing listings, plaque placement or memorial programs and heritage trails.

Recent international scholarship has placed new emphasis on women’s formative role in the social, economic, political and cultural lives of their respective communities. Some researchers have suggested the greatest legacy of women’s organised contribution to those communities can be found in the history of their voluntary work. Others have urged greater recognition of that contribution through landmark recognition and historic preservation programs. To date, women’s voluntary work in Queensland has drawn limited scholarly interest and it is not well represented on the State Heritage Register. Attempts to establish links between cultural heritage and women’s history generally have been restricted to national heritage agencies in North America and Australia. However, methodologies tended to rely on existing historiography which was traditionally non-inclusive of women, and gaps in the record remained a problem. This thesis seeks to address these developments by undertaking a comprehensive gender-sensitive study of women’s voluntary work and its associated place-based dimensions, across ninety-four groups in Queensland between 1859 and 1959. A central hypothesis asserts women’s formative role as historical agents and community builders, and argues that participation in voluntary work provided opportunities to enrich and empower lives. A social history approach emphasises the diversity of women’s volunteer experiences over time and their manifestation in the built environment. The capacity of cultural heritage to effectively and comprehensively represent those experiences and map key contributions to building and shaping communities is also tested. Research confirms a direct correlation between broader historical developments and women’s volunteer responses in groups. Women reacted proactively, spontaneously and creatively to changing community needs. They committed their collective voluntary labour to address shortcomings in government policies and emerging inequalities in society, to support a nation at war and the work of various Church denominations. These findings validated women’s creative and progressive agency in volunteer-based groups to building and shaping communities, and confirmed their contribution was sustained and consistent over time. Although most volunteer experiences reflected traditional definitions of gender, more expansive opportunities were available to office-bearers, as well as those involved in self-development groups, the suffrage movement and mobilising for the war effort. Government policy did, however, attempt to restrict women’s voluntary wartime work to conventional roles, as did male-dominated ecclesiastical views within church-affiliated groups. Regardless of work or group type, evidence suggests that participation was nevertheless an empowering process. It enriched the lives of many women and facilitated their transition from the private domain of home and family to the public arena. The pioneering nature of women’s voluntary work, especially in nineteenth century Queensland, further enhanced that journey. While voluntary work over this period was dominated mostly by married upper- and middle-class women, single women were well represented. All groups benefitted from career volunteers, who displayed high levels of participation within and across groups. Many participants were motivated by strong altruist ideals, although patriotism and government propaganda played a major role during the war years, as did the influence of the Church and strong Christian beliefs for those involved in groups with a religious affiliation. A key outcome of the study is the identification of some 700 cultural heritages sites, just over half of which appear on an indicative list of places by theme. They reflect the diversity and development of women’s volunteer experiences in Queensland between 1859 and 1959 and provide tangible evidence of their sustained contribution in volunteer-based groups to processes that build and shape communities over time. Collectively, however, these sites tend to strengthen the conservative view of women’s roles, in that they were associated with services which often reflected concerns about issues impacting on home and family. Groups pursuing social or political reform were also disadvantaged in that their sites were restricted in number and frequently limited to public space and bureaucratic or ministerial offices. Likewise, the efforts of Church-based groups were diffused, given their sites of association were, in many cases, not their own. As the first of its kind in a Queensland setting, this study provides substantive findings in an area not well served by scholarly researchers in the past. It also offers an alternative gender-sensitive approach to establishing links between women’s history and cultural heritage. In addition, it has the potential to lift the visibility of women’s voluntary work through landmark recognition and historic preservation programs, whether as new entries on heritage registers, additional information for existing listings, plaque placement or memorial programs and heritage trails.

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2006. / Title from PDF of title page. Document formatted into pages; contains 396 pages. Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 silvajunior_ot_me_bauru.pdf: 2647418 bytes, checksum: 059c52b3ceacccabfdd11cebbc4b6dae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Acredita-se que haja um set point que limita o gasto energético utilizando como estratégia o controle dos níveis de atividade física em nosso organismo visando a manutenção da homeostase energética semelhante a outras variáveis reguladas biologicamente. O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar se o treinamento periodizado e a dieta hiperlipídica influenciam os níveis de atividade física espontânea e voluntária e a alteração na ingestão alimentar de ratos. Para isso, o estudo foi dividido em duas etapas: na primeira o objetivo foi verificar a acurácia e confiabilidade de um sistema de videogrametria na análise do deslocamento de ratos Wistar, e na segunda etapa, verificar se o aumento da atividade física, por meio do treinamento periodizado, é acompanhado por uma redução compensatória na atividade física e alteração da ingestão alimentar. Foram utilizados Ratos (n=32) da linhagem Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus Albinus Wistar) com idade inicial de 120 dias mantidos em gaiolas coletivas durante 8 semanas, após a separação dos grupos: Grupo controle (GC), Grupo controle com dieta hiperlipídica (GDH), Grupo de treinamento periodizado (TP), e Grupo treinamento periodizado dieta hiperlipídica (TPH), os quais realizaram um protocolo de treinamento periodizado de natação, durante 6 semanas, após 2 semanas de adaptação. O limiar anaeróbio pelo teste de lactato mínimo (Lam) foi realizado para a separação dos animais em grupos homogêneos e para verificação dos efeitos do treinamento. Foram verificados o efeito do treinamento físico periodizado sobre o acúmulo de atividade física espontânea (AFE -deslocamento pela filmagem) e voluntária (AFV - roda de atividades), além da verificação da interferência da dieta hiperlipídica na atividade física espontânea e voluntária, no perfil lipídico (triglicerídeos, HDL), glicemia, comportamento alimentar, medidas e gordura corporal. A análise de variância foi utilizada para verificar as diferenças das variáveis entre os grupos, enquanto que a correlação de Pearson foi utilizada para verificar a associação entre a carga de treinamento com a ingestão alimentar, AFE e AFV, considerando alfa de 5%. Na primeira etapa a acurácia e a confiabilidade do sistema de videogrametria para a análise do deslocamento foi confirmada. Na segunda etapa verificou-se que os valores de glicemia, HDL e TG não apresentaram diferença significativa entre os grupos após 8 semanas de experimento. Os grupos treinados apresentaram maiores valores de Lam em relação ao grupo GC e GDH e não apresentaram ganho excessivo de gordura corporal. Em relação ao consumo alimentar, os grupos alimentados com dieta hiperlipídica apresentaram menor consumo calórico em relação aos grupos alimentados com dieta padrão. O acúmulo de AFV não apresentou diferença entre os grupos, porém a AFE foi maior no grupo controle em relação ao demais. A associação entre a carga de treino total semanal e o consumo alimentar e carga de treino total semanal e AFV foram fracas. Para associação entre a carga de treino total semanal e a AFE, houve forte associação com o grupo TP . O TP e a dieta hiperlipídica levaram a uma redução da AFE, assim como nas semanas onde os treinamentos foram intensos houve um nível de AFE menor. Nosso resultados indicam que existem fatores biológicos responsivos ao treinamento e a dieta hiperlipídica capazes de interferir nos níveis de AFE dos animais. / It is believed that there is a set point that limits the energy expenditure using as a strategy the control of the levels of physical activity in our organism aiming the maintenance of the energy homeostasis similar to other variables regulated biologically. The present study aims to investigate whether the periodized training and the hyperlipidic diet influence the levels of spontaneous and voluntary physical activity and the alteration in dietary intake of rats. For this, the study was divided in two phases: in the first the objective was to verify the accuracy and reliability of a videogrammetry system in the analysis of Wistar rats displacement and in the second stage, to verify if the increase of the physical activity through periodized training is accompanied by a compensatory reduction in physical activity and alteration in food intake. Rats (n = 32) Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus Albinus Wistar) with initial age of 120 days were kept in collective cages for 8 weeks, after separation of the groups: Control group (CG), Control group with hyperlipidic diet (GHD), Periodized training group (PT), and Periodic training group hyperlipidic diet (PTH), who performed a periodized swimming training protocol for 6 weeks after 2 weeks of adaptation. The anaerobic threshold by lactate minimum (Lam) test was performed to separate the animals into homogeneous groups and to verify the effects of the training. The effect of the periodic physical training on the accumulation of spontaneous physical activity (SPA - displacement by filming) and voluntary (VPA - activity wheel) was verified, as well as the verification of the interference of the hyperlipidic diet in spontaneous and voluntary physical activity, in the lipid profile (triglycerides, HDL), glycemia, eating behavior, measures and body fat. The analysis of variance was used to verify the differences of the variables between the groups, while the Pearson correlation was used to verify the association between training load and food intake, SPA and VPA, considering alpha of 5%. In the first phase the accuracy and reliability of the videogrammetry system for displacement analysis was confirmed. In the second phase, it was verified that the values of glycemia, HDL and TG did not present significant difference between the groups after 8 weeks of experiment. The trained groups had higher values of Lam in relation to the CG and GHD groups and did not present an excessive gain of body fat. In relation to the food consumption, the groups fed with a hyperlipid diet presented lower caloric intake than the groups fed a standard diet. The VPA accumulation did not present difference between the groups, but the SPA was higher in the control group in relation to the others. The association between total weekly training load and total weekly training and feeding load and VPA were weak. For association between the total weekly training load and the SPA, there was a strong association with the PT group. The PT and the hyperlipid diet led to the reduction of SPA, just as in the weeks where the training was intense there was a lower level of SPA. Our results indicate that there are training-responsive biological factors and the hyperlipidic diet capable of interfering with the SPA levels of the animals.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paginas_pre-textuais-_Miriam[1].pdf: 38694 bytes, checksum: 92fabcb9a4aca8bd28cfdc0a8226d1e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present research work has the objective to detach the voluntary work as main of the success on the philanthropic institution, the Center of Support to the Patient with Cancer - CSPC, a hospital of special attendance and complement, with capacity to assist 36 patients, located in the city of Florianópolis and with enough technical resources to satisfy the demands of the World Organization of Health, and any organ of medical inspection or public health. The institution began its operational activities in March of 1998 and its work of assistance is dedicated to the cancer and degenerative diseases bearers. The techniques of collection of data used in the elaboration of the research were the informal interview, the observation made by the researcher and the analysis of the literature. In relation to the research problem, the study was characterized as exploratory and descriptive, due to the researcher's opportunity of being related with the institution and with the studied subject. The investigation method was defined as study of cases because it highlighted and got deepen in a specific matter of the institution. The research verified the effectiveness of the voluntary work developed in the institution; did concept organizational effectiveness of the voluntary work in national and international ambit; the statistical data that demonstrate the dimension of the voluntary activity developed in the country; the history of the philanthropic institution studied and the peculiarities of the volunteers that are devoted to the institution. The operational activities happens everyday of the week and according to the projects of amplification of the institution, there is the necessity of maintenance and amplification of the volunteers' staff. It was concluded that the institution is reaching the organizational success due to the requirements found in the volunteers that integrates the main work force in the institution, because the same ones present specific characteristics as compromise, intrinsic values based on solidarity and charity, the age group and the great majority are former-patient of the institution. / O presente trabalho de pesquisa tem por objetivo destacar o trabalho voluntário como principal fator de sucesso da instituição filantrópica, o Centro de Apoio ao Paciente com Câncer - CAPC, que é um hospital de atendimento complementar com capacidade para atender 36 pacientes, localizado na cidade de Florianópolis, e com recursos técnicos suficientes para satisfazer as exigências da Organização Mundial de Saúde, e qualquer órgão de inspeção médica ou saúde pública. A instituição iniciou suas atividades operacionais em março de 1998 e seu trabalho de assistência é dedicado aos portadores de câncer e doenças degenerativas. As técnicas de coleta de dados utilizadas na elaboração da pesquisa foram a entrevista informal, a observação realizada pela pesquisadora e a análise da literatura. Em relação ao problema de pesquisa, o estudo foi caracterizado como exploratório e descritivo, devido à oportunidade da pesquisadora ter se relacionado com a instituição e com o assunto em pauta. O modo de investigação foi definido como estudo de caso por se destacar e se aprofundar em um assunto específico. A pesquisa verificou a eficácia do trabalho voluntário desenvolvido na instituição, além de conceituar eficácia organizacional, terceiro setor, organização filantrópica e trabalho voluntário. Apresentou os indicadores de trabalho voluntário em âmbito nacional e internacional; os dados estatísticos que demonstram a dimensão da atividade voluntária desenvolvida no país; o histórico da instituição filantrópica em estudo e as especificidades dos voluntários que se dedicam à instituição. As atividades operacionais ocorrem todos os dias da semana e conforme os projetos da instituição, há a necessidade da manutenção e ampliação do quadro de voluntários. Concluiuse que a instituição vem alcançando o êxito organizacional devido aos requisitos encontrados no trabalhador voluntário que forma a principal força de trabalho na instituição, pois os mesmos apresentam características específicas como o comprometimento, valores intrínsecos apoiados na solidariedade e na caridade, a faixa etária e em grande maioria são ex-pacientes da instituição.

O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os impactos de níveis de suplementação concentrada sobre parâmetros de consumo e digestibilidade aparente dos componentes da dieta total em ovinos, mensurando a magnitude dos efeitos associativos (EA) entre o suplemento concentrado e volumoso de baixa qualidade. Utilizou-se 16 ovinos machos, castrados, da raça Corriedale, com sete meses de idade e peso vivo (PV) médio inicial de 33,62 + 1,81 kg. Os animais foram dosificados preventivamente com vermífugo, receberam a dosagem de complexo vitamínico ADE e passaram por um período de adaptação de 15 dias. Utilizou-se quatro repetições por tratamento (níveis de inclusão de suplemento na dieta de 0; 0,33; 0,66; e 1% do PV) em um delineamento completamente casualizado. As dietas experimentais foram compostas pelo fornecimento de um suplemento concentrado, a base de farelo de soja, farelo de milho e farinha de mandioca, aliado a oferta ad libitum de feno de baixa qualidade, oriundo de pastagem natural diferida, da região da depressão central do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. As avaliações foram realizadas em dois períodos de 21 dias cada. Os animais foram alocados em baias individuais com comedouros separados para o fornecimento de alimento e água. Os parâmetros de consumo de matéria seca (MS), matéria orgânica (MO), proteína bruta (PB), fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e ácido (FDA) e energia bruta (EB) do volumoso não sofreram influência dos tratamentos, mostrando a ausência de efeitos associativos (EA) positivos e negativos. Os parâmetros de consumo total de MS, MO, PB, EB e água, foram influenciados de maneira linear crescente pelos tratamentos (P<0,0001). Já os de FDN e FDA não sofreram efeito. Todos os parâmetros de digestibilidade apresentaram comportamento linear crescente, conforme o nível de suplementação foi acrescido, exceto os da FDN e FDA que se mantiveram estáveis. A digestibilidade da MS foi afetada linearmente (P<0,0001), enquanto as digestibilidades da MO, nitrogênio e EB apresentaram comportamento quadrático (P=0,0433; <0,0001 e 0,0479, respectivamente). O balanço nitrogenado diário apresentou comportamento linear crescente (P<0,0001). O EA da digestibilidade apresentou comportamento crescente quadrático (P=0,0461). A suplementação, em um contexto geral, apresentou efeitos benéficos, maximizando o consumo de nutrientes da dieta total, bem como sua digestibilidade. / This study aimed to evaluate the impact of levels of concentrate supplementation on parameters of intake and digestibility of the components of the total diet in sheep, measuring the magnitude of associative effects (AE) between concentrate suplement and forage of low quality. It was used 16 wethers, Corriedale, with seven months of age and initial body weight (BW) of 33.62 + 1.81 kg. The animals were dosed preventatively with dewormer, received the dosage of vitamin complex ADE and went through an adjustment period of 15 days.It was used four replicates per treatment (inclusion levels of supplement in the diet of 0, 0.33, 0.66, and 1% of BW) in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets were composed by supplying a concentrated supplement, base of soybean meal, corn bran and cassava flour, combined with ad libitum supply of low quality hay, arising from deferred natural grassland of the central depression region of State of Rio Grande do Sul. Evaluations were performed in two periods of 21 days each. The animals were placed in individual stalls with separate supply of food and water feeders. The parameters of intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral and acid detergent fiber (NDF and FDA) and gross energy (GE) of roughage were not influenced by treatments, showing the absence of positive or negative associative effects (AE). The parameters of total intake of DM, OM, CP, EB and water, were influenced in a linear way by the treatments (P <0.0001). But NDF and ADF were not affected. All digestibility parameters showed a linear increasing behavior as the level of supplementation was increased, except that of NDF and ADF were stable. DM digestibility was affected linearly (P <0.0001), while the digestibility of OM, nitrogen and EB showed a quadratic response (P = 0.0433, <0.0001 and 0.0479, respectively). The daily nitrogen balance showed linear increase (P <0.0001). The AE of digestibility showed quadratic behavior (P = 0.0461). Supplementation, in a general context, showed beneficial effects, maximizing nutrient intake of the total diet and its digestibility.

This study explores the relationship between coping styles and strategies, and personality styles in a sample of 41 young volunteers of an institution that alleviates poverty in Lima. Peruvian adaptations of COPE and MIPS scales were administered. The results show that volunteers have higher scores on adaptive coping strategies. High scores in some particular personality styles were reported, which allowed to establish a personality profile of this group. According with theoretical framework, most coping strategies correlated with most personality styles, revealing four particular tendencies in these volunteers: they wish to have contact with other people, they usually see positive aspects of situations, they look forward for challenges, and they developed adaptive coping strategies. / El presente estudio explora la relación entre los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento, y los estilos de personalidad en un grupo de 41 voluntarios de una institución de lucha contra la pobreza en la ciudad de Lima. Se utilizó las escalas COPE y MIPS adaptadas al medio. Los hallazgos revelaron que los voluntarios utilizan estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas. Los estilos de personalidad que caracterizaron a la muestra permitieron determinar un perfil de personalidad del grupo. De acuerdo con la teoría revisada ambas variables psicológicas resultaron estar asociadas en este grupo de estudio, revelando cuatro tendencias particulares en los voluntarios: deseo por el contacto con los demás, disposición a buscar el lado positivo de las situaciones, interés por asumir retos, y desarrollo de estrategias de afrontamiento adaptativas.