This study concerns Gårdsten, a neighbourhood in Gothenburg, Sweden, that was reclassified from an especially vulnerable area to a vulnerable area by the police in 2019. Since then, the area has become a symbol for the possibility of improvement. In 2020, actors in Gothenburg municipality announced an investment of 11 billion SEK for strategies and acts enabling the same type of development in the remaining six areas in Gothenburg that shared the classification. This has led to a debate concerning the basis of the classifications and what type of strategies that could prevent this sort of segregation in the first place. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of such strategies in urban renewal and to study the collaboration process between actors in Gårdsten. The study was conducted through interviews and written material concerning the area and was analysed through the framework of governance network theory. Results suggest a complex network of actors involved in the renewal process in the area, and whilst the strategies mainly are developed through a collaboration process there are critical elements and views of planning missing. Results also suggest that the physical strategies has been prioritized in the renewal process, but that these changes are in regard to housing options in the area. Which in turn suggests that physical renewal is a question prioritized over identifying underlying structures of segregation in the area. However, it remains unclear whether these physical changes in the area, that has been accentuated by the respondents, has resulted in any social change for the inhabitants in Gårdsten. The last main finding in this study is that what type of resources an actor can contribute with also determines their involvement in the network, which might be a leading cause to what perspectives are shown in strategies regarding segregation. In Gårdsten, a public housing company has been dominating the planning process, but it is still the police who has the power to define neighbourhoods as problematic which suggest that the change is determined by aspects of power. Conclusions are that the social perspectives in planning have been neglected and that the focus in developing Gårdsten are trying to find solutions to social problems by focusing on spatial planning.

While persons with disabilities are not a homogenous group, most are likely to be disproportionately impacted by climate change and the “natural” disasters that result from these changes. As a social worker living with chronic health conditions and a particular interest in disability and public policy, I was curious about how Canada’s Federal Government climate change policies and initiatives address persons with disabilities and their diverse needs. My research explored how matters of health and disability have been taken up in recent Canadian Federal Government climate change policies and strategies through an analysis of six significant climate change documents. Framed by a feminist, poststructural-inspired critical disability lens, the documents were examined through an inductive approach to reflexive thematic analysis, with the aim of contributing to critical conversations around the intersections of disability justice, climate justice, and related social justice matters. Through reflexive thematic analysis, I identified three key themes: persons with disabilities are widely absent from Canadian Federal Government climate change documents, both as collaborators as well as groups considered in climate change planning; adaptation to climate change and climate resilience are central in government climate mitigation strategies; and healthy and normative body-minds are presumed by the documents, which broadly assume all people have the same capacities to adapt. Subthemes included both a prioritization of the economy, and a foregrounding of a productive, compulsory, able-bodied and able-minded citizen around which climate change strategies are designed. I conclude with some suggestions for how Canada’s climate change policies may become more inclusive for persons with disabilities. / Graduate

El Proyecto se ubica en el distrito de Pachacamac teniendo funciones educacionales y vivienda. El objetivo del proyecto es forma un ambiente que ayude al crecimiento del usuario, los niños en abandono. Dándole la oportunidad de socializar con otros niños y con ayuda de su padre sustituto entender que es una familia. El proyecto también busca apoyar la activación de la zona relacionándose con el entorno que lo rodea. / The Project is in the district of Pachacamac having educational functions and housing. The goal of the project is to form an environment that helps the growth of the user, the abandoned children. Giving her the opportunity to socialize with other children and with the help of her surrogate parent understand that it is a family. The project also seeks to support the activation of the area by relating to the surrounding environment. / Tesis

By 2010, it is projected that there will be 25 million orphans worldwide. It is anticipated that 2.3 million children will be orphaned due to AIDS in South Africa by 2020. Traditionally, the extended family has absorbed most people affected by the disease but there is a growing concern that families are finding it increasingly difficult to cope, perhaps reaching saturation point. In the absence of alternatives, some children end up living alone in child-headed households (CHHs), the numbers of which are rising at an alarming rate. Despite the increase in this living arrangement research is scarce on the psychosocial consequences of AIDS related orphanhood. This is more evident concerning very young orphans living in CHHs. This qualitative study explores psychosocial issues pertaining to young orphans living in CHHs from an ecosystemic perspective. Four participants, who worked in various capacities for two non-governmental organisations, were interviewed in-depth about their experiences of working with young orphans. The conversations were subjected to an interpretive analysis where, in collaboration with the participants, central themes and sub-themes were identified. Eleven main themes emerged from the analysis: why children live in child-headed households; issues surrounding the death of a parent; experiences of a young child living in a child-headed household; the experience of living in a child-headed household; stigma; relationships with relatives; relationships with peers; relationships with crèches and teachers; relationships with the community; relationships with non-governmental organisations; and relationship to government and essential services. Based on an integration of the findings, a model was presented depicting the ecosytemic factors affecting the very young child living in a CHH. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010. / Psychology / unrestricted

Ce travail de recherche a pour objectif de comprendre l’impact de la mise en place d’une approche relationnelle auprès de populations vulnérables sur les pratiques de dépistage du cancer. La problématique principale est la suivante : La mise en place d’une approche relationnelle en santé, via la présence de navigateurs auprès de populations vulnérables, permetelle d’améliorer la communication en prévention et son impact sur les pratiques de dépistage ? Ce travail fait suite au développement de dispositifs de prévention en santé visant à faire davantage participer au dépistage du cancer et réduire les inégalités sociales de santé. Ils testaient jusque-là la mise en place d’une approche relationnelle, prônant l’adaptation du profil du personnel en contact à une population vulnérable, sans toutefois tester l’effet des différentes caractéristiques de ce personnel. Les promoteurs de ces dispositifs, appelés « programmes de navigation », affirment que l’adaptation du profil du navigateur (chargé de prévention) à la population cible permet d’augmenter significativement la participation au dépistage. Cette adaptation se fait par le recrutement d’un chargé de prévention partageant des caractéristiques similaires avec la population cible (âge, genre, lieu d’habitation, etc.) et n’ayant pas nécessairement d’expertise en santé. Si l’efficacité des dispositifs mis en œuvre dans de précédentes expérimentations a été prouvée, rien n’est dit sur l’impact des caractéristiques des navigateurs. Un cadre théorique mobilisant les travaux en marketing des services et en marketing relationnel est proposé pour identifier les facteurs d’efficacité des programmes de navigation et, ainsi faisant, les caractéristiques des navigateurs. Pour cela, trois études empiriques sont menées. Les deux premières études (études 1 et 2) explorent la genèse d’un de ces dispositifs « ColoNav » afin d’en comprendre les tenants et les aboutissants. L’étude 1 mesure l’impact de ce dispositif sur la participation au dépistage du cancer colorectal et met en lien ces résultats avec le profil des personnels en contact recrutés. L’étude 2 analyse les données qualitatives de ce dispositif et met en lumière les différents facteurs ayant pu avoir un impact dans son efficacité. L’étude 3 (expérimentation) mesure le réel impact de l’adaptation du profil (similarité et expertise) du personnel en contact à une population vulnérable sur l’intention de participation au dépistage du cancer colorectal et sur l’intention de le recommander. L’étude 1 montre que la présence du navigateur pour promouvoir le dépistage du cancer colorectal semble avoir un effet sur la participation à celui-ci. Cependant, les conditions de l’étude ne permettent pas de conclure de façon satisfaisante au seul effet de l’adaptation du profil du chargé de prévention (étude 1). Ces résultats nous ont amenée à nous interroger sur le réel impact de cette adaptation et sur l’existence d’autres facteurs que le profil pouvant impacter les résultats de ce genre de dispositif. L’étude 2 nous a permis de constater l’existence de trois principaux facteurs et de les analyser en profondeur (étude 2). Ainsi, au profil du personnel en contact s’ajoutent son investissement dans la relation avec les personnes de la population cible (choix en matière de communication et capacité à s’adapter à son interlocuteur) et ses relations avec son environnement de travail (acteurs et population cible) qui viennent modérer son action (la faciliter ou la compliquer). Enfin, les résultats de l’étude 3 permettent de conclure à l’impact positif significatif de la similarité et de l’expertise sur l’intention de dépistage et de recommandation. Les conclusions de cette étude complètent celles faites pour le dispositif ColoNav. ... / The purpose of this research is to understand the impact of implementing a relational approach on vulnerable populations regarding cancer screening practices. The main issue was as follows: Does the implementation of a relational approach in health, through the presence of navigators with vulnerable populations, improve prevention communication and its impact on screening practices?This research is a follow-up to health prevention devices which aim was to increase participation in cancer screening and thus reduce social inequalities in health. Until now, they tested the implementation of a relational approach advocating the adaptation of the frontline employee’s profile to a vulnerable population, without however testing the effect of the different characteristics of this employee. These devices, called "navigation programs", claim that adapting the navigator’s profile (prevention officer) to a target population significantly increases the participation in screening. This adaptation is done by recruiting a prevention officer who shares similar characteristics with the target population (age, gender, place of residence, etc.) and does not necessarily have expertise in healthcare. If the effectiveness of the devices implemented in previous experiments has been proven, nothing is said about the impact of the navigators’ characteristics. A theoretical framework mobilizing research in Services marketing and Relationship marketing is proposed to identify the efficiency factors ofnavigation programs, thus, the characteristics of navigators. For that, three empirical studies have then been conducted.The first two studies (studies 1 and 2) explore the genesis of one of these devices, "ColoNav", in order to understand the reasons and outcomes. Study 1 measures the impact of this device on participation in colorectal cancer screening and links these results to the profile of the frontline employees recruited. Study 2 analyzes the qualitative data of this device and highlights the various factors that may have had an impact on its effectiveness. Study 3 (experimentation) measures the real impact of the adapting of the frontline employee’s profile (similarity and expertise) to a vulnerable population on the intention to participate to colorectal cancer screening and on the intention to recommend it. The first study shows that the presence of the navigator promoting colorectal cancer screening appears to affect participation to it. However, the conditions of the study do not allow to conclude satisfactorily on the only effect of the adaptation of the prevention officer’s profile (study 1). These results raise questions about the real impact of the adaptation of the frontline employee’s profile (similarity and expertise) and the existence of other factors than the profile that could impact the results of this kind of device. Study 2 allows us to find three main factors and analyzed them in depth (study 2). Thereby, the frontline employee’s profile complemented by his investment in the relationship with the target population (his communication choices and his ability to adapt to his nterlocutor) as well as by his relationship with his work environment (actors and target population), which moderates its action (facilitate or complicate it). Finally, the results of the experiment (study 3) allow us to conclude that there is a significant and positive impact of similarity and expertise on screening and recommendation intentions. The conclusions of study 3 complement those of the ColoNav device. They confirm the fact that in the context of the implementation of a relational approach, such as ColoNav, other factors than the frontline employee’s profile are to be considered in the effectiveness of a health prevention program.

This thesis deals with the Regional planning of services and its contribution to the site from the point of view of participants in network of services for vulnerable children and families. Regional planning of services is one of the key activities of the project "System Development and Support of Social and Legal Child Protection Tools", which aims to support the transformation of the care system for vulnerable children into practice. The aim of this work is to find out how the participants in network of services for vulnerable children and families perceive the activity of regional planning of services, their experience and make recommendations for the implementation of regional planning. The theoretical part describes the project, the activity of regional planning of services and individual activities of the regional planner. This work focuses on the cooperation and multidisciplinary approach. A qualitative approach is used in the research. Data was collected using individual and group interviews. The research group is a sample of participants in network of services for vulnerable children and families. Data analysis has produced recommendations for regional planning of services activity to maintain activities in localities and has also produced local or system recommendations. Key words...

Against a burgeoning worldwide discourse on the psychological and emotional impact of HIV&AIDS on children’s development, I conducted an empirical inquiry to explore how a group of nine orphaned and vulnerable children who were residing in a children’s home negotiated pathways to well-being while they were affected by HIV&AIDS. The study aimed to explore, understand and describe the phenomenon of well-being within the specific context of the child participants’ perspectives of their life-worlds. The study was informed by a qualitative and instrumental case study design within an interpretivist paradigm. In addition, it was guided by a conceptual framework derived from key concepts within the fields of HIV&AIDS, positive psychology, coping and resilience theories. The study employed both inductive and deductive methods for knowledge development. I utilised task-based participatory activities to guide the informal and conversational interviews with the children in the study as the main data generation strategy. I incorporated the use of informal observations and an examination of documentation as additional data generation methods. By means of a thematic analysis approach incorporating principles of the constructivist grounded theory analysis of the children’s expressions, I gained insights that informed my understanding of the children’s perceptions and experiences of well-being, risks, challenges and stressors. Findings indicate that the children in the study experienced risks, challenges and stressors arising from personal illness, stigma, discrimination, orphanhood, residential care, death and bereavement. The study has further revealed that those children who portrayed characteristics of well-being and resilient adaptation utilised psychosocial coping mechanisms. In addition, they were supported and strengthened by their positive intrapersonal characteristics and affirmative relationships that offered emotional and psychosocial support within their environments. The findings of the study suggest that feelings of well-being, hope and optimism might have co-existed with feelings of despair and hopelessness in the daily lives of the children in the study who were affected by HIV&AIDS. I concluded this study by suggesting that the well-being experiences of the children in this study may exist on a continuum and may depend on specific events, occasions or incidents on a day-to-day basis. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Educational Psychology / unrestricted

As the desire for deploying automated (“driverless”) vehicles increases, there is a need to understand how they might communicate with other road users in a mixed traffic, urban, setting. In the absence of an active and responsible human controller in the driving seat, who might currently communicate with other road users in uncertain/conflicting situations, in the future, understanding a driverless car’s behaviour and intentions will need to be relayed via easily comprehensible, intuitive and universally intelligible means, perhaps presented externally via new vehicle interfaces. This paper reports on the results of a questionnaire-based study, delivered to 664 participants, recruited during live demonstrations of an Automated Road Transport Systems (ARTS; SAE Level 4), in three European cities. The questionnaire sought the views of pedestrians and cyclists, focussing on whether respondents felt safe interacting with ARTS in shared space, and also what externally presented travel behaviour information from the ARTS was important to them. Results showed that most pedestrians felt safer when the ARTS were travelling in designated lanes, rather than in shared space, and the majority believed they had priority over the ARTS, in the absence of such infrastructure. Regardless of lane demarcations, all respondents highlighted the importance of receiving some communication information about the behaviour of the ARTS, with acknowledgement of their detection by the vehicle being the most important message. There were no clear patterns across the respondents, regarding preference of modality for these external messages, with cultural and infrastructural differences thought to govern responses. Generally, however, conventional signals (lights and beeps) were preferred to text-based messages and spoken words. The results suggest that until these driverless vehicles are able to provide universally comprehensible externally presented information or messages during interaction with other road users, they are likely to contribute to confusing and conflicting interactions between these actors, especially in a shared space setting, which may, therefore, reduce efficient traffic flow.

Le régime applicable au consentement à l’acte médical des personnes vulnérables que sont les mineurs et les majeurs sous protection juridique est un sujet délicat pour le législateur. Ce dernier doit instaurer une législation conciliant protection de l’intégrité physique du patient, et respect de son autonomie. Le droit positif échoue à trouver cet équilibre. Les mineurs sont privés de leur capacité d’exercice à toutes les étapes de leur vie, quel que soit leur âge ou leur degré de maturité. Elle réserve également un traitement disparate aux majeurs protégés. Leur autonomie variant selon la prise en compte ou non de leur régime de protection par le Code de la santé publique. À ces difficultés s’ajoute celle de l’existence de nombreux actes spécifiquement réglementés dont les règles ne sont pas toujours cohérentes ni compatibles avec les réalités de la pratique médicale. Une réflexion est menée sur les limites du régime actuel ainsi que sur l’élaboration d’une nouvelle législation plus respectueuse de l’autonomie des mineurs et des majeurs protégés. La possibilité de consentir à un acte médical dépendra non pas du statut juridique du patient, mais de son « aptitude à consentir », notion tirée des législations suisse et québécoise. Toutefois, la volonté de protéger l’autonomie du patient ne devant pas conduire à une mise en péril de son intégrité physique, un encadrement de sa capacité d’exercice sera instauré selon que le soin est ou non requis par son état de santé. / The system of Consent to medical treatment for vulnerable persons – whether minors or adults without capacity – is a sensitive subject for legislator. The law has to combine protection of the patients’ physical integrity as well as the respect for their autonomy. The current state of law fails to achieve this purpose. Minors patients are deprived of their right to consent on their own, regardless of their age or level of maturity. Adults without capacity are treated in various ways depending on whether their legal protection is taken into account or not by the Public Health Code. An additional challenge is the existence of various medical acts that depend on specific regulations. Here we discuss the current limits of the law and propose a new system for the consent to medical treatment, which would be more respectful of the autonomy of minors patients or adults without capacity. Consent to medical treatment would depend on the ability to consent rather than on each patient’s legal status, such as stated in legislations from Switzerland or Quebec. However, the will to confer a larger autonomy should not put patient’s physical integrity at risk. Therefore, patients’ capacity for decision-making would depend whether the proposed care is required or not by their health state.

In determinate circostanze, i giovani vulnerabili possono sperimentare inclusione sociale attraverso lo sport. Dal momento che la comprensione di tali circostanze rimane poco studiata, la tesi fornisce approfondimenti su questo argomento mostrando i risultati della valutazione dialogica di un programma sportivo italiano. I risultati mostrano che: I. Promuovere l'accesso allo sport attraverso tasse sportive agevolate, servizi burocratici e trasporti inclusivi sono presupposti fondamentali per introdurre i giovani allo sport; II. Introdurre professionisti che facciano da ponte tra le società sportive locali e le diverse agenzie che si occupano di giovani vulnerabili è una condizione fondamentale che fornisce maggiori risorse sociali ai giovani, soprattutto in caso di grave vulnerabilità sociale. III. Coinvolgere i club sportivi in una formazione mirata a migliorare la loro capacità di essere inclusivi è una condizione significativa da considerare poiché "competizione" e "inclusione" sono percepiti come valori opposti difficilmente integrabili nel lavoro degli allenatori sportivi. IV. L'esperienza di inclusione attraverso lo sport è collegata all'autoefficacia sportiva e all'interesse dei giovani verso certi sport. Il lavoro discute il ruolo dei processi dialogici nella traduzione della conoscenza scientifica alla pratica e viceversa. I risultati forniscono suggerimenti orientati alla pianificazione e la gestione dei programmi sportivi. / Under certain circumstances, vulnerable youngsters might experience social inclusion through sport. Since the understanding of such circumstances remains under-researched, the dissertation provides insights into this topic by showing the dialogic evaluation outcomes of an Italian sport-based programme. The results shows that: I. Promoting access to sport through subsidised sports fees, inclusive bureaucracy services and transport are fundamental preconditions to introducing youth to the sports; II. Introducing professionals who bridge the gap between local sports clubs and diverse agencies dealing with vulnerable youth is a fundamental condition that provides increased social resources to youngsters, especially in case of severe social vulnerability. III. Involving sports clubs in training aimed at enhancing their capacity to be inclusive is a meaningful condition to consider since “competition” and “inclusion” are perceived as opposite values that can hardly be integrated into sports coaches work. IV. The experience of inclusion through sport is connected to sport self-efficacy and the interest of youth toward certain sports. The work discusses the role of dialogic processes in the translation of scientific knowledge to practice and vice versa. Results provide action-oriented evidence for sport for development planning and management.