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This thesis builds upon ethnography of Apple Watch user experience and explores its connections with Apple's different branding strategies such as official website advertisements for Apple Watch Series 4, Supplier Responsibility Progress Report (2019) and Today at Apple sessions held in Apple Stores. I draw on sociomaterial approaches with special emphasis on John Law's (2004) method-assemblage and the feminist critique of ANT managerial vision that allow me to conceptualize corporate practices as means of enacting singular and coherent commercial out-thereness and absences. The goal of this thesis is to explore possible connections between the user's experience and the corporate branding strategies which craft a series of commercial realities in order to translate the needs of other actants and enroll them in its corporate network. This paper also argues that ambivalence is central to this process as corporate branding is being constantly reshaped and reconfigured by both the branding strategy itself and the actants involved. Chapter I provides a semiotic analysis of advertisements inspired by Woolgar's (1990) concept of moral universe. The second chapter follows with examining the Progress Report which provides information on the production processes that are completely absent in exclusively...

Syftet med studien var att generera en förståelse för hur polisens NOS-projekt kan verka brottsförebyggande. Vi undersökte även hundägare som är delaktiga i projektet och deras inställning till att uppmärksamma och förebygga brott. Studien grundar sig i teorin om neighborhood watch, med delar av teorin om social kontroll samt rutinaktivtetsteorin. Utifrån sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med deltagare från Nospatrullen fick vi en förståelse för hur NOS-projektet fungerar brottspreventivt genom hundägares förmåga att uppmärksamma avvikande aktiviteter i sitt lokalområde. Resultatet visade att samtliga intervjupersoner hade en positiv inställning till NOS-projektet vilket vi anser kan ha bidragit till projektets möjlighet till att förebygga brott. / The aim of this study was to form a understanding for how a project by the police, the Nos-project, may work to prevent crime. We also examined dog owners that are involved in the NOS-project and their attitude towards crime prevention. The study is based on the theory of neighborhood watch and features the theory of social control and the theory of routine activity. Through six semi structured interviews we learned how the NOS-project may prevent crime through dog owners’ observations of unusual activity in their district. The results also show how all our participants had a positive attitude towards the NOSproject which we regard likely contributes to the projects ability to prevent crime.

The declining population of black rhinoceroses in Tsavo West national park, Kenya, has served as the driving force behind Project Ngulia, with Ngulia serving as an enclosed area within the park. As of now, the area is equipped with multiple cameras connected to a system that automatically classify animals and humans. This thesis aims to investigate the suitability of the Insta360 One X2 camera acting as a virtual watch tower for capturing and streaming 360° images. This will work in real-time, providing a remote surveillance experience for the park rangers thereby optimizing their work. A system was implemented to create a efficient workflow, which includes stitching of the 360° images, file transfer protocol for image transmission and storage, as well as socket programming to facilitate port monitoring and communication. Additionally, the compat- ibility of two single board computers, LattePanda and Rock 4 SE, with the implemented system was evaluated. User experience methods as field studies, workshops and a user interview were also performed. The work has been developed in Sweden, resulting in limited availability for testing at the target location during the initial months. The outcome was a both locally and remotely working system, together with LattePanda, capturing images of the waterhole in Ngulia. However, because of the conclusions drawn regarding the power supply and the lack of essential functions in the 360° camera, the system was taken home for further research. Propositions is presented regarding future work, some being that the projects within Ngulia team may collaborate to enhance hardware efficiency and explore the utilization of 360° images in educational and entertainment contexts.

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[pt] Esta dissertação investiga o processo de desenvolvimento de um serviço de vigilância noturna no Rio de Janeiro, entre os anos de 1885 e 1912. Durante tal época, marcada pela transição do Império para a República, a vida noturna da cidade sofreu mutações atreladas a sua expansão e maior ocupação do espaço urbano. O serviço policial de patrulhamento das guardas noturnas, pago por vizinhos e comerciantes, que com diferentes nomes se espalhou pelo mundo atlântico desde meados do século XVIII, foi estudado como parte integrante no desenvolvimento de polícias modernas em países na América do Sul e na Europa. Dialogando com a historiografia que as estuda, esta dissertação procura entender o lugar da guarda noturna carioca nesse processo ocorrido no Rio, a partir de fontes policiais, literárias e jornalísticas. Longe de ser analisada como conflitante ao processo de edificação do monopólio estatal da força pública, atenta-se para a compreensão da guarda noturna como parte constitutiva desse fenômeno no período republicano, das suas ambiguidades e disputas na construção cotidiana de autoridade. / [en] This dissertation explores the development process of night surveillance service in Rio de Janeiro between 1885 and 1912. During that time, marked by the transition from the Empire to the Republic, the nightlife of the city suffered from mutations due to its expansion and the increasing occupation of the urban space. The patrolling police service of the night watches, paid by neighbors and merchants, which spread throughout the Atlantic world with different names since the XVIII century, was studied as an integral part in the development of modern police forces in South American and European countries. In dialog with the historiography that studies them, this dissertation aims to understand the place of the carioca night watch in the process that took place in Rio, from the analysis of police archives, press and literature. Far from being analyzed as conflicting to the process of building the state monopoly of public security forces, this analysis is intended to comprehend the night watch as a constituent part of this phenomenon in the republican period, of its ambiguities and disputes around the daily construction of authority.

[pt] Esta tese investiga o processo de construção de serviços de policiamento pago na região portuária do Rio de Janeiro entre finais do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do XX. Analisa a história de dois tipos de guardas comerciais que operavam na cidade: a trajetória das guardas noturnas desde seu surgimento na década de 1880 e o ciclo de existência da Polícia do Cais do Porto até as tentativas de sua encampação na década de 1930. A partir do cruzamento de campos historiográficos distintos (história da polícia e das forças de segurança, história dos mundos do trabalho comercial e portuário, e história social da cidade), busca-se preencher uma lacuna no conhecimento histórico sobre a vigilância paga, a segurança como mercadoria e a heterogeneidade de formas de policiamento coexistentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro no período de formação de um sistema republicano de polícia. As perspectivas estado-cêntricas dos estudos policiais caracterizaram a emergência da polícia moderna como um processo marcado pela transferência de poderes coercitivos privados para o Estado e suas forças de segurança pública, que teria vigorado até o auge de empresas privadas de vigilância na virada do século XX para o XXI. Em diálogo com uma renovada historiografia internacional da segurança privada, esta tese procura situar as formas de policiamento pago no Rio de Janeiro como parte constitutiva do processo de emergência da polícia republicana, concebida como um esquema misto entre dimensões públicas e privadas de policiamento, interligadas entre si em uma zona de negociação que reuniu autoridades, comerciantes e trabalhadores da vigilância. Para isso, analisa um corpus de documentação policial, literária, jornalística e empresarial. Longe de serem analisadas como agências dissociadas da expansão do poder coercitivo estatal, lê-se as guardas comerciais enquanto parte de um espaço heterogêneo de exercício da coerção, com atenção para o caráter negociado de suas regulamentações, a fiscalização estatal de suas atividades cotidianas e as condições de trabalho dos seus empregados. / [en] This thesis investigates the process of the construction of paid police services inthe port region of Rio de Janeiro between the end of the 19th century and the first decadesof the 20th century. It analyzes the history of two types of paid guards that operated in thecity: the trajectory of the night guards from their emergence in the 1880s, and the lifecycle of the Cais do Porto Police until the state attempted to take it over in the 1930s. Bypulling together different historiographical fields (the history of the police and securityforces, the history of the commercial and port labor world, and the social history of thecity), the project aims to fill a gap in historical knowledge about paid surveillance,security as a commodity, and the heterogeneity of policing forms that coexisted in the cityof Rio de Janeiro during the formation of a republican police system. The state-centricperspectives of police studies have characterized the emergence of the modern police as a process marked by the transfer of private coercive powers to the state and itspublic security forces, which continued until the rise of private surveillance companiesat the turn of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. In dialogue with a renewedinternational historiography of private security, this thesis posits that the forms of paidpolicing in Rio de Janeiro were a constitutive part of the process of the emergence of therepublican police. This research demonstrates how professional law enforcement in Rioat the turn of the twentieth century was conceived as a mixed scheme between public andprivate dimensions of policing, interconnected in a zone of negotiation that broughttogether authorities, traders and surveillance workers. To this end, it analyzes a corpus ofpolice, literary, journalistic, and economic documentation. Far from taking Rio’s privateguards as dissociated from the expansion of the state coercive power, this thesis analyzesthem as part of a heterogeneous space for the exercise of coercion, paying attention to thenegotiated nature of their regulations, the state supervision of their daily activities and theworking conditions of their employees.

The purpose of this naturalistic qualitative inquiry was to develop a more complete understanding of the process of implementing community policing from the citizen participants' perspective. While an abundance of literature exists on the topic of community policing, with the exception of several survey and evaluation efforts, little examination of this topic has been conducted that devoted exclusive attention to citizen participation in this style of policing. It was citizen participant descriptions that formed the basis for this examination. The present study also examined the theoretical support for community policing by comparing the citizen descriptions of this concept to the component parts of critical social science (Fay, 1987), normative sponsorship theory (Sower, et al., 1957) and community education for development (Compton & McClusky, 1980).A purposive sample was utilized to examine this topic. This sample was composed of citizens (N = 71) from Fort Wayne, Indiana and Fort Worth, Texas who had participated with their respective municipal police departments in implementing community policing. The community policing efforts in these cities had been in existence since the early to mid 1990s. The sample was composed of citizens that came from different geographic areas of their respective cities, and who had spent at least one year working with assigned police officers and community groups. A questioning route was developed and participants were interviewed in focus group settings. Data analysis identified seven themes from the transcribed interviews. These themes were: (a) partners; (b) community education; (c) neighborhood associations; (d) involvement with government; (e) problem solving; (f) frustration with the city administration and (g) communication and managing community policing.The research found that relatively successful community policing efforts rely upon structured neighborhoods, ample community education, an emphasis on problem solving, open communication and strong support from the upper levels of municipal government. Many of these findings were supported by the literature in the field. Additionally, the theories purported to support community policing were found to confirm the citizens' experiences in these cities. / Department of Educational Leadership

Le décloisonnement des économies et l’accélération mondiale des échanges commerciaux ont, en une décennie à peine, transformés l’environnement concurrentiel des entreprises. La zone d’activités s’est élargie en ouvrant des nouveaux marchés à potentiels très attrayants. Ainsi en est-il des BRIC (Brésil, Russie, Inde et Chine). De ces quatre pays, impressionnants par la superficie, la population et le potentiel économique qu’ils représentent, la Chine est le moins accessible et le plus hermétique à notre compréhension de par un système linguistique distinct des langues indo-européennes d’une part et du fait d’une culture et d’un système de pensée aux antipodes de ceux de l’occident d’autre part. Pourtant, pour une entreprise de taille internationale, qui souhaite étendre son influence ou simplement conserver sa position sur son propre marché, il est aujourd’hui absolument indispensable d’être présent sur le marché chinois. Comment une entreprise occidentale aborde-t-elle un marché qui de par son altérité, apparaît tout d’abord comme complexe et foncièrement énigmatique ? Six années d’observation en Chine, nous ont permis de constater les écueils dans l’accès à l’information concernant le marché chinois. Comme sur de nombreux marchés extérieurs, nos entreprises sont soumises à des déstabilisations parfois inimaginables. L’incapacité à « lire » la Chine et à comprendre les enjeux qui s’y déroulent malgré des effets soutenus, les erreurs tactiques qui découlent d’une mauvaise appréciation du marché ou d’une compréhension biaisée des jeux d’acteurs nous ont incités à réfléchir à une méthodologie de décryptage plus fine de l’environnement d’affaire qui puisse offrir aux entreprises françaises une approche de la Chine en tant que marché. Les méthodes de l’Intelligence Economique (IE) se sont alors imposées comme étant les plus propices pour plusieurs raisons : le but de l’IE est de trouver l’action juste à mener, la spécificité du contexte dans lequel évolue l’organisation est prise en compte et l’analyse se fait en temps réel. Si une approche culturelle est faite d’interactions humaines et de subtilités, une approche « marché » est dorénavant possible par le traitement automatique de l’information et de la modélisation qui s’en suit. En effet, dans toute démarche d’Intelligence Economique accompagnant l’implantation d’une activité à l’étranger, une grande part de l’information à portée stratégique vient de l’analyse du jeu des acteurs opérants dans le même secteur d’activité. Une telle automatisation de la création de connaissance constitue, en sus de l’approche humaine « sur le terrain », une réelle valeur ajoutée pour la compréhension des interactions entre les acteurs car elle apporte un ensemble de connaissances qui, prenant en compte des entités plus larges, revêtent un caractère global, insaisissable par ailleurs. La Chine ayant fortement développé les technologies liées à l’économie de la connaissance, il est dorénavant possible d’explorer les sources d’information scientifiques et techniques chinoises. Nous sommes en outre convaincus que l’information chinoise prendra au fil du temps une importance de plus en plus cruciale. Il devient donc urgent pour les organisations de se doter de dispositifs permettant non seulement d’accéder à cette information mais également d’être en mesure de traiter les masses d’informations issues de ces sources. Notre travail consiste principalement à adapter les outils et méthodes issues de la recherche française à l’analyse de l’information chinoise en vue de la création de connaissances élaborées. L’outil MATHEO, apportera par des traitements bibliométriques une vision mondiale de la stratégie chinoise. TETRALOGIE, outil dédié au data-mining, sera adapté à l’environnement linguistique et structurel des bases de données scientifiques chinoises. En outre, nous participons au développement d’un outil d’information retreival (MEVA) qui intègre les données récentes des sciences cognitives et oeuvrons à son application dans la recherche de l’information chinoise, pertinente et adéquate. Cette thèse étant réalisée dans le cadre d’un contrat CIFRE avec le Groupe Limagrain, une application contextualisée de notre démarche sera mise en œuvre dans le domaine des biotechnologies agricoles et plus particulièrement autour des enjeux actuels de la recherche sur les techniques d’hybridation du blé. L’analyse de ce secteur de pointe, qui est à la fois une domaine de recherche fondamentale, expérimentale et appliquée donne actuellement lieu à des prises de brevets et à la mise sur le marché de produits commerciaux et représente donc une thématique très actuelle. La Chine est-elle réellement, comme nous le supposons, un nouveau territoire mondial de la recherche scientifique du 21e siècle ? Les méthodes de l’IE peuvent-elles s’adapter au marché chinois ? Après avoir fourni les éléments de réponses à ces questions dans es deux premières parties de notre étude, nous poserons en troisième partie, le contexte des biotechnologies agricoles et les enjeux mondiaux en terme de puissance économico-financière mais également géopolitique de la recherche sur l’hybridation du blé. Puis nous verrons en dernière partie comment mettre en œuvre une recherche d’information sur le marché chinois ainsi que l’intérêt majeur en terme de valeur ajoutée que représente l’analyse de l’information chinoise / The rise of globalization, including technological innovations and the dismantling of trade barriers, has spurred the steady acceleration of global trade and, in barely a decade, has transformed the competitive environment of enterprises. The area of activity has been expanded by the emergence of new markets with very attractive potential. So are the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). Among the four of them, all impressive by their size, population and economic potential they represent, China is the least accessible and the more closed to our understanding because of a linguistic system radically different from the Indo-European languages on the one hand and of the fact of a culture and a thought system at odds with those of Western countries. Yet for a company of international size, which wants to extend its influence or simply to maintain its market position, including its own market, it is now essential to be present on the Chinese market. How does a western company operate on a market that appears at first as inherently complex and enigmatic because of its otherness? During six years of observation in China, we have found out the pitfalls in access to information about the Chinese market. As on many markets, our companies are subject to some unimaginable destabilization. The inability to “read” China and understand the issues that take place in spite of sustained efforts, the tactical errors that arise from a misjudgement of the market or a biased understanding of the game players led us to consider a methodology that could provide French companies an approach to China as a market. The methodologies of Business Intelligence (BI) came out to be the most suitable for several reasons: the goal of BI is to find out the right action to realise, the specificity of the context in which the organization is evolving is taken into consideration and the analysis is done just in time. If a cultural approach is made of human interactions and subtleties, a market approach is now possible by the automatic processing of information and its modelling. In any process of economic intelligence accompanying the establishment of a foreign operation, a large part of the strategic information comes from analysis of the game players operating in the same sector of activity. Such an automation of knowledge creation is, in addition to the human approach on the field, a real high value added to help the understanding of the interactions between the players. It provides a set of knowledge, which taking into account more large entities, are more comprehensive. They are more elusive anywhere else. Because has highly developed technologies linked to the knowledge economy, it is now possible to explore the scientific and technological sources of information science in China. We are also convinced that Chinese sources of information will take a more and more crucial importance in any global watch. It is therefore an urgent need for organizations to get solutions that not only allow the access to this information but also are able to handle the masses of information from these sources. The aim of this thesis is mainly to adapt the tools and the methods invented by French university research to the analysis of Chinese information in order to create useful knowledge. Matheo software will provide some bibliometrical treatments that will give a global vision of the Chinese strategy. Tetralogy software, a tool dedicated to data-mining, will be tailored to the linguistic environment and to the structure of the Chinese scientific databases. In addition, we participate in the development of a method for the information retrieval (MEVA) which integrates the data of recent discoveries in cognitive science. We develop this method to the research of the relevant and appropriate information among the Chinese datas. As this thesis is conduced under a contract university /enterprise with Limagrain, an application of our approach will be implemented in the field of agricultural biotechnology and in particular around issues of research on techniques for hybridization of wheat. The analysis of this sector, which is an area of fundamental research, experimental and applied is a very current topic as it gives rise to the acquisition of patents and to the marketing of commercial products. Is China really, as we suppose to, a new territory Global Scientific Research of the 21st century? Can the methods of BI be adapted to the Chinese market? After providing some answers to these questions in the first two parts of our study, the third part will describe the global context of agricultural biotechnologies and its issues in terms of economic and financial power but also geopolitical. Then we will focus on the problematic of research on hybridization wheat. Then we will see in the fourth and last part how to implement a search for information on the Chinese market and the major interest in terms of added value of information analysis in China