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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Inventory of hydrological measurements in Sweden / Inventering av hydrologiska mätningar i Sverige

Enjebo, Ida January 2014 (has links)
This thesis aimed to study how different actors perform hydrological observations in Sweden. Target groups for the study were institutions that regularly measure water stage and river discharge, including water councils, water- and wastewater departments in municipalities, water authorities and hydropower companies. After the identification of the different actors, the study investigated how, where and why they perform hydrological observations as well as the way actors perceive the accuracy of these measurements. Information was collected through interviews and the development of a number of questionnaires. A total of 447 actors were contacted and 260 replied. The majority of them, 209, answered that they do not perform any hydrological measurements while the remaining 51 answered that they measure water stage. One of the main reasons for measuring is that many actors are facing water-rights court ruling. There were also several actors that stated that they perform hydrological measurements to make sure that the water body where water from wastewater treatment plants and storm water is emitted has sufficient water stage for environmental concerns. The hydropower companies replied that they, in addition to maintaining a water-rights court ruling, used water stage data to control the functioning of the plant. They also calculate river discharge based on production, floodgate position and stage. There were also seven municipalities, which stated that they had implemented a flood-monitoring model and that water stage data were used as input to the model. These municipalities and two other actors stated that they measure discharge or use a stage-discharge relationship (rating curve) to derive discharge data. However, in some cases, control measurements were lacking. Most actors used pressure sensors to measure stage. Their perceived levels of accuracy varied from ± 1 mm to ± 5 cm. Only five actors stated that they level their instruments regularly, which is a precondition for maintaining a correct data series. The results are useful for SMHI’s continued review of their hydrological network, although continued attempts to receive answers from all contacted actors would provide a more complete overview of hydrological observations. A study that thoroughly investigates how actors perceive the accuracy of their measurements would also give further knowledge in this field. / Examensarbetet syftade till att undersöka hur olika aktörer genomför hydrologiska mätningar i Sverige. Målgrupper för studien var aktörer vars verksamhet innefattar mätningar av vattenföring och vattenstånd. De målgrupper som identifierades var vattenråd, kommunala VA-avdelningar, vattenmyndigheter och vattenkraftbolag. När aktörerna identifierats undersöktes hur, var och varför aktörerna mäter samt hur de uppfattar noggrannheter i sina mätningar. Informationen samlades in genom frågeformulär och intervjuer. Totalt kontaktades 447 aktörer varav 260 svarade på frågorna som ställdes. Majoriteten, 209 aktörer svarade att de inte utför några hydrologiska mätningar medan resterande svarande att de mäter vattenstånd. Den anledning som flest aktörer gav till att de mäter var att de har en vattendom. Det var även flera aktörer som mätte för att försäkra sig om att recipienter för dagvatten och avloppsreningsverk hade tillräckligt högt vattenstånd för utsläpp. Vattenkraftproducenterna svarade att de, utöver att de har vattendomar, använder vattenståndsdata för att reglera kraftverken. De beräknade också vattenföringen utifrån lucköppningsgrad, vattenstånd och producerad effekt. Det var även sju kommuner som svarade att de hade implementerat modeller för översvämningsövervakning och använde vattenståndsmätningar som indata i prognosmodellerna. Dessa kommuner och två ytterligare aktörer svarade att de mäter vattenföring eller använder avbördningskurvor men i flera fall är kontrollmätningar av vattenföringen bristande. De flesta aktörerna använde tryckgivare för att mäta vattenståndet och de gav noggrannhetsintervall mellan ± 1 mm och ± 5 cm. Endast fem aktörer uppgav att de avväger mätinstrumentet vilket är en förutsättning för att upprätthålla en korrekt mätserie. Resultaten är användbar information i SMHIs utvärdering av sitt nätverk av hydrologiska mätstationer, dock skulle fortsatta försök att få svar från samtliga kontaktade aktörer ge en mer heltäckande bild av hydrologiska mätningar utförda av de olika målgrupperna. Det vore även intressant med en studie som går djupare in på hur noggrannhet uppskattas och uppfattas av de olika aktörerna.
2

Studie protipovodňových opatření v lokalitách Husovice a Židenice na Svitavě v km 6,000 – 9,000 / Feasibility study of the flood protection measures in the localities of Husovice and Židenice at the Svitava river at km 6,000 – 9,000

Hanzlíková, Zuzana January 2016 (has links)
Diploma thesis deals with a suggestion of flood protection measures on the Svitava river in km 6,000 – 9,000. Solved locality is found in Brno, particularly in city parts of Husovice and Židenice. Thanks to used joined 1D and 2D model were made hydraulic calculations for peak water stages Q1, Q5, Q20 a Q100. The outputs of hydraulic calculations were used afterwards for creation of maps of flood danger and drawing documentation of flood protection measures.
3

Senzory pro decentralizovaný systém čištění odpadních vod / Sensors for decentralized system of water purification

Plotěný, Miroslav January 2009 (has links)
Main task of the Master Thesis is to study and propose appropriate sensors that can monitor standard operations of small waste treatment plant. This small plants may replace one big central waste water treatment plant, minimizing interference with the human factor and thus reducing the cost of its operation. Master Thesis deals with the sensors for level measurement, air flow, identifying the operator and others. The most important parameter is the quality of drainage water, which can be derived from the amount of ammoniacal nitrogen. This work discusses the possibility of continuous measurements of ammoniacal nitrogen in water and try to select the optimum solution. At the end of the work is carried out experimental measurements are selected ammonia probe to verify the practical features.

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