Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Because of changes and increasing demands within the workplace, it has been decided that the frontline-manager within the SANDF ought to acquire particular interpersonal skills so as to ensure optimum performance on the part of subordinates and to achieve organisational objectives. The development of a management training programme for front-line managers would fill this need. This has resulted in a need to empirically test the role of the military social worker and the management skills that the front-line manager ought to have acquired. The aim of the study is to identify the knowledge and skills required by the military social worker by means of a literature and empirical study and to empirically test possible content in a management training programme. All social worker officers of the Western Province Medical Command were involved in the empirical study. The findings of the empirical study are being used to establish guidelines for the content of a front-line management training programme within the South African National Defence Force. Industrial social work is regarded as a relatively young area of specialisation in social work. Because of this, a short historical overview is provided, with specific reference to the USA and South Africa. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on the historical development of military social work. The four positions relating to the practice model for military social work are discussed to help identify the best position for utilisation in management training of front-line managers. The literature study determined that the ecosystem approach, because of its dual focus on the person in the environment or the employee in the working environment provides a suitable framework for the military social worker. The ecological approach serves as a basis for the study. Against the background of recent literature, a complete survey of the management tasks and skills of the front-line, as well as the human approach to management, is given. The content of subjects which focus on the interpersonal skills of front-line managers in the SANDF and which may be included in a management training programme are discussed. In conclusion, the responses from military social workers of the Western Province Medical Command are discussed and compared with the relevant literature. The literature study, and the empirical results, are utilised to establish guidelines for a management training programme for front-line managers in the SANDF. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vanweë verandering en toenemende eise in die werkplek is daar besluit dat die laevlakbestuurder in die SANW oor bepaalde interpersoonlike vaardighede behoort te beskik ten einde optimale funksionering van ondergeskiktes te verseker en om organisasie doelstellings te bereik. Die ontwikkeling van 'n bestuursopleidingsprogram vir die laevlakbestuurder sou die leemte aanspreek. Dit het die behoefte laat ontstaan om die rol van die militêre maatskaplike werker en die bestuursvaardighede waaroor die laevlakbestuurder behoort te beskik, empiries te toets. Die doel van die studie is om deur middel van 'n literatuur- en empiriese studie, kennis en vaardighede waaroor die militêre maatskaplike werker moet beskik te identifiseer en die moontlike inhoud van die bestuursopleidingsprogram empiries te toets. Vir die empiriese studie is alle maatskaplikewerk-offisiere van die Mediese Kommandement Westelike Provinsie gebruik. Die bevindinge van die empiriese studie word gebruik om riglyne daar te stel vir die inhoud van 'n bestuursopleidingsprogram vir die laevlakbestuurder in die Suid- Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag. Bedryfsmaatskaplike werk word as 'n relatief jong spesialisveld in maatskaplike werk beskou, daarom word 'n kort historiese oorsig gegee met spesifieke verwysing na die VSA en Suid-Afrika. Daar is verder klem gelê op die historiese ontwikkeling van militêre maatskaplikewerk. Die vier posisies in die praktykmodel vir militêre maatskaplikewerk is bespreek ten einde die beste posisie vir benutting in die bestuursopleiding van laevlakbestuurders te identifiseer. Met die literatuurstudie is vasgestel dat die ekosisteem-benadering as gevolg van sy tweeledige fokus op die persoon-in-die-omgewing of die werknemer-in-die-werksomgewing, 'n toepaslike raamwerk vir die militêre maatskaplike werker verskaf. Die ekologiese benadering dien as onderbou vir die studie. 'n Volledige oorsig word gegee van die bestuurstake en vaardighede van die laevlakbestuurder, sowel as die menslike benadering tot bestuur, na aanleiding van resente literatuur. Die inhoud van die onderwerpe wat fokus om die interpersoonlike vaardighede van die laevlakbestuurder in die SANW en wat ingesluit kan word by 'n bestuursopleidingsprogram, word bespreek. Ten slotte word die response van die militêre maatskaplike werkers van die Mediese Kommandement Westelike Provinsie bespreek en vergelyk met relevante literatuurbronne. Die literatuurstudie sowel as die empiriese resultate word benut om riglyne daar te stel vir inhoud van 'n bestuursopleidingsprogram vir die laevlakbestuurder in die SANW.

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie verhandeling bied 'n illustrasie van hoe 'n ekosistemiese verwysingsraamwerk benut is in 'n gevallestudie waar terapie met 'n gesin gedoen is. Twee ekosistemiese konsepte is benut om die gevallestudie mee te bespreek. Hulle is: die taaldeterminering van die terapeutiese sisteem soos deur Anderson & Goolishian (1988) beskrywe: en die terapeutiese formula: stabiliteit/verandering/betekenisvolle geraas van Keeney & Ross (1985). Die waarde van die taaldeterminering van 'n sisteem is die insig dat 'n sisteem (soos 'n gesin) nie die terapeutiese sisteem bepaal nie, maar dat 'n probleem 'n sisteem bepaal. Die sisteem bestaan solank daar betekenisgewing in daardie sisteem plaasvind. 'n Terapeutiese sisteem kan dus beskryf word as 'n probleem-gedetermineerde en probleem-oplossende sisteem. Die terapeutiese veranderingsproses bestaan uit 'n ko-konstruksie van idees/betekenisse, wat ook die ko-konstruksie van nuwe realiteite vir almal in die terapeutiese sisteem moontlik maak. Daar is in die aanbevelings toepassingsmoontlikhede vir die ekosistemiese benadering vir die maatskaplikewerk-praktyk en maatskaplikwerk-navorsing aangedui. / This thesis presents an illustration of how an ecosystemic perspective was used in a family therapy case study. Two ecosystemic conceptes were used to discuss the case study. They are: the language determination of the therapeutic system as described by Anderson & Coolishian (1988): and the therapeutic formula: stability/change/meaningful noise as used by Keeney & Ross (1985). The value of the language determination of the system is that a system (such as a family) does not determine the therapeutic system but that the system is determined by a problem. The system exists as long as meaning is given by that system. A therapeutic system can therefore be described as a problem-determined and a problem-solving system. The therapeutic change is a process of co-construction of ideas/meaning that simultaneously makes the co-construction of new realities possible for all members of the therapeutic system. In the recommendations, possible applications of the ecosystemic perspective in social work practice are indicated. / Social Work / M.A. (Sosiale Wetenskappe (Geestesgesondheid))

Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie verhandeling bied 'n illustrasie van hoe 'n ekosistemiese verwysingsraamwerk benut is in 'n gevallestudie waar terapie met 'n gesin gedoen is. Twee ekosistemiese konsepte is benut om die gevallestudie mee te bespreek. Hulle is: die taaldeterminering van die terapeutiese sisteem soos deur Anderson & Goolishian (1988) beskrywe: en die terapeutiese formula: stabiliteit/verandering/betekenisvolle geraas van Keeney & Ross (1985). Die waarde van die taaldeterminering van 'n sisteem is die insig dat 'n sisteem (soos 'n gesin) nie die terapeutiese sisteem bepaal nie, maar dat 'n probleem 'n sisteem bepaal. Die sisteem bestaan solank daar betekenisgewing in daardie sisteem plaasvind. 'n Terapeutiese sisteem kan dus beskryf word as 'n probleem-gedetermineerde en probleem-oplossende sisteem. Die terapeutiese veranderingsproses bestaan uit 'n ko-konstruksie van idees/betekenisse, wat ook die ko-konstruksie van nuwe realiteite vir almal in die terapeutiese sisteem moontlik maak. Daar is in die aanbevelings toepassingsmoontlikhede vir die ekosistemiese benadering vir die maatskaplikewerk-praktyk en maatskaplikwerk-navorsing aangedui. / This thesis presents an illustration of how an ecosystemic perspective was used in a family therapy case study. Two ecosystemic conceptes were used to discuss the case study. They are: the language determination of the therapeutic system as described by Anderson & Coolishian (1988): and the therapeutic formula: stability/change/meaningful noise as used by Keeney & Ross (1985). The value of the language determination of the system is that a system (such as a family) does not determine the therapeutic system but that the system is determined by a problem. The system exists as long as meaning is given by that system. A therapeutic system can therefore be described as a problem-determined and a problem-solving system. The therapeutic change is a process of co-construction of ideas/meaning that simultaneously makes the co-construction of new realities possible for all members of the therapeutic system. In the recommendations, possible applications of the ecosystemic perspective in social work practice are indicated. / Social Work / M.A. (Sosiale Wetenskappe (Geestesgesondheid))

Bibliography: leaves 146-158. / This dissertation attempts to answer the question "Do the methodological and epistemological proposals of John M. Frame have anything to contribute to the construction of a contextual evangelical theology in South Africa - a theology which is both faithful to its evangelical roots and yet radically engaged with the contemporary context?" This question is dealt with in four stages. Firstly, Frame's theology is expounded against the background of its context in America. Secondly, four aspects of Frame's theology are critically evaluated. They are perspectivalism, theology as application, hermeneutics, and the relationship between theology and praxis. This evaluation has three dimensions. It investigates the relationship between Frame's theology and the historic Reformed tradition. It examines the use that is made of Frame's theology by other theologians related to the Westminster Seminaries, in particular, the work of Harvie M. Conn and Vern S. Poythress. Finally, the evaluation seeks to examine the usefulness of Frame's theology in the South African context. This analysis results in the identification of certain weaknesses in Frame's methodological proposals. The conclusion of this dissertation is that Frame's theology provides certain methodological tools which can be employed in the construction of a contextual South African theology which is both radically engaged with its context, and faithful to the core of the evangelical tradition. For this to be possible it is proposed that certain modifications need to be made to overcome the weaknesses of Frame's theology. These modifications are the following: the integration of a strongly christological approach to Frame's concept of lordship with particular reference to a theology of the cross; the affirmation that God is, in a particular way, the God of the poor and oppressed; an understanding of the accommodated and context-relatedness of biblical revelation, and the incorporation of perspectives from the sociology of knowledge.

Submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Social Work in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Zululand, 2004. / This stucly set out to investigate the possibility of school social work intervention as an institutional structure in South African schools with special reference to the Durban, Empangeni and Pietermaritzburg education areas where the writer carried out the empirical observation. The justification or the investigation was strengthened by the double factors of globalisation and fast increasing technology transfer throughout the world- The study regarded the multiplicity of social, financial and other problems plaguing communities in South Africa as a given. Against this background, the question asked was whether, given the reality of these factors inhibiting the intellectual and vocatipnal development of school going children, educational provision for social work intervention as it obtains at the moment, was adequate to equip the younger generation to fit gainfully in a highly competitive and fast changing global market. ln terms of methodological orientation, the study was both exploratory and descriptive in nature. It employed both qualitative and quantitative methods including interviews and focused groups. The sample was divided into two phases. The respondents in phase one were educators and education managers. The respondents in phase two were social workers and social work managers from the Department of Welfare as well as non-governmental organizations CNGO's). For this study two interview schedules were used to obtain data. One was for Educators and Education Managers and the other was for Social Workers and Social Work Managers. The findings of this study are revealing in their disclosure. They reveal that the child could benefit from a developmental perspective in school social work, as this perspective would discourage dependency, and promote parental involvement and that of other sections of the community having a vested interest in the school. The findings of this study give ample indication that given the situation of South Africa within a fast changing global economy, the introduction of, as well as adequate provisioning for school social work intervention would be a well placed structural improvement in the South African schooling system. Somewhat disturbing though was the finding that educators were not making adequate use of social Work services (where available in referring children with social problems to social work agencies). In turn the agency social workers were'unable to attend speedily to children's social problems because of their heavy case loads. With this in the background, the recommendation for the insti'tutionalisation of school social work is no longer of legislative choice but an existential imperative.

Empirical studies have suggested that agricultural extension can increase agricultural productivity. However, the increase in productivity is dependent on a number of issues. As a result, this particular study was conducted among farmers in order to examine the relationship between the provision of extension services and increased productivity in a regional context. The perceptions of vegetable home gardeners resident in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan area, who participated in the Siyazondla Homestead Production Programme, formed the source of the primary data. The views of these farmers were analysed to determine how extension services affected their performance. The findings revealed that the farmers have a good perception of the extension services, although this negatively correlates with their level of performance. In addition, the data indicate that farmers who had a poor perception of extension services tend to achieve high production while those with a good impression of services had a poor performance. It was however observed that level of education, farming experience and exposure to print media influenced the responses that were captured in the study.

Bibliography: pages 178-181. / In this study the writer assumed that the psycho-social characteristics of physically disabled patients would influence the role and task of the medical social worker at the Rehabilitation Clinic. Therefore an attempt was made to determine the psycho-social characteristics of patients referred to the Rehabilitation Clinic. Furthermore an attempt was made to determine the role and task of the medical social worker in relation to these psycho-social characteristics. The research method was a descriptive one, using archival data; the latter being social work records of interviews with patients. Prior to the research a literature study was done on various aspects of physical disability and vocational rehabilitation. A sample group of 45 subjects was compiled by a random sampling technique. Two structured schedules were used to extract data from both the social work file and the Rehabilitation Clinic patient file. The research and processing of the information was done manually. The findings revealed the following 1. The majority of the physically disabled patients were Coloured males in the age category of 31-50 years. 2. These patients had poor educational qualifications and were previously unskilled or semi-skilled labourers. 3. The patients were unemployed and had no income. 4. These patients had a passive lifestyle with no hobbies or little religious involvement. They also habitually abused liquor and/or cannabis. 5. The housing conditions of these patients were inadequate and primitive. 6. The various roles of the medical social worker included those of rehabilitation counsellor, team member, co-ordinator/resource manager and teacher, whereas the tasks included assessment, dissemination of information, referrals, co-ordinating of services and education. The final conclusion in this study was that the role and task of medical social worker was influenced by both the psycho-social characteristics of referred patients as well as the expectations of the rehabilitation team of the Rehabilitation Clinic.

Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 1997. / Een kopie mikrofiche. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: School social work has been part of the services rendered to schools in the Western Cape province for the past 13 years. This service, however, was not equally available to all schools and learners. In addition to this, services are being rendered by four different systems in a diverse way. The aim of this study is to develop guidelines for the effective management of school social work services in the Western Cape province. The underlying goal to this study is to explore in which system school social work should be structured as part of an Education Support Service. A literature study and its practical application lead to the conclusion that school social work is a specialist field. The fact that school social work and education share common goals, serves to confirm the structuring of school social work within the education system. From a description of the existing state of school social work in the Western Cape province, it becomes evident that the diverse nature of the service is the result of the differences in its management. The unification of the different school social work systems therefore seems to be a priority in the creation of a service which can be accountable in every way. On the grounds of the established fact that school social work should be structured as a unit within the Western Cape Education Department, the compatability of the management administrations of social work and education was investigated. It was concluded that both these services could be grouped under the concept human service organization and thus share a common management administration. From the caracteristics of a human service organization's structural framework, an empirical investigation was conducted as to the way school social work is being managed as a unit within the Western Cape Education Department. According to the description of the style of management, interpretations were made on the basis of applications from existing literature. By means of this descriptive and applied research methods, the conclusion was reached that the characteristics of the management of a human service organization are not adhered to with regard to school social work services within the Directorate: Para- Edicational Service. It was also found that the management of school social work is ineffective. On the basis of these conclusions, recommendations were made regarding the structuring of school social work within the Western Cape province, as well as on a national level. The way in which such structuring should be implemented is formulated in the recommendation regarding guidelines which were developed for the effective management of school social work in the Western Cape Province. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Skool maatskaplike werk word reeds vir 13 jaar in die Wes- Kaapprovinsie geimplementeer. Hierdie dienste was egter nie tot 'n gelyke mate beskikbaar aan alle skole en leerders nie. Verder word die diens gefragmenteerd vanuit vier verskillende stelsels gelewer en bestuur. Hierdie ondersoek het ten doel om riglyne te ontwikkel vir die effektiewe bestuur van skool maatskaplike werk. Onderliggend tot die riglyne is ondersoek ingestel na waar die skool maatskaplikewerk-diens, as deel van 'n Onderwysondersteuningsdiens gestruktureer behoort te word. Op grond van 'n literatuurstudie en praktiese toepassing vanuit die literatuur is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat skool maatskaplike werk 'n spesialiteitsrigting in die maatskaplike werk is. Die gemeenskaplike aard van die doelstellings van skool maatskaplike werk en die opvoedkunde of onderwys dien as bevestiging vir die strukturering van skool maatskaplike werk binne die onderwysstelsel. Uit die bespreking van die stand van skool maatskaplike werk in die Wes-Kaapprovinsie blyk dit dat die gediversifiseerde aard van die diens voortspruit uit die verskille wat bestaan ten opsigte van die bestuur daarvan. Die vereniging van die verskillende skool maatskaplikewerk-stelsels onder een bestuurstelsel, blyk dus 'n prioriteit te wees in die daarstel van 'n verantwoordbare diens. Op grond van die bevestiging dat skool maatskaplike werk as 'n eenheid gestruktureer moet wees binne die Wes-Kaapse Onderwysdepartement, is ondersoek ingestel na die verenigbaarheid van die bestuursadministrasies van maatskaplike werk en onderwys. Daar is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat beide hierdie dienste gegroepeer kan word onder die begrip diensgerigte instelling. Hulle deel dus een bestuursadministrasie, naamlik die bestuursadministrasie vir 'n diensgerigte instelling. Vanuit die bestuurskenmerke van 'n diensgerigte instelling is 'n empiriese ondersoek gedoen na die wyse waarop skool maatskaplike werk as 'n eenheid binne die Wes-Kaapse Onderwysdepartement bestuur word. Na aanleiding van die beskrywing van die bestuurswyse is interpretasies gemaak op grond van toepassings uit die literatuur. Deur middel van hierdie beskrywende en toegepaste navorsing is tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die bestuurskenmerke van 'n diensgerigte instelling nie realiseer ten opsigte van skool maatskaplikewerk-dienste binne die Direktoraat: Para- Opvoedkundige Diens nie en dat bestuur van die skool maatskaplikewerk-diens oneffektief is. Op grond van hierdie gevolgtrekkings is aanbevelings gemaak ten opsigte van die strukturering van skool maatskaplike werk binne die Wes- Kaapprovinsie, sowel as op nasionale vlak. Die wyse waarop hierdie strukturering in praktyk gestel behoort te word is geformuleer in die aanbeveling ten opsigte van riglyne wat ontwikkel is vir die effektiewe bestuur van skool maatskaplike werk in die Wes-Kaapprovinsie.

This study focused on nurses who work the night shift, and on some of the aspects of their lives. The objectives of the study were to identify and describe these experiences with specific reference to the physical, social and work-related effects.

This study focused on nurses who work the night shift, and on some of the aspects of their lives. The objectives of the study were to identify and describe these experiences with specific reference to the physical, social and work-related effects.