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Previous issue date: 2017-07-10 / A coturnicultura brasileira se destaca de forma crescente nos aspectos de cria??o e da nutri??o, e isto ? percebido devido ao aumento de estudos acad?micos sobre o melhoramento gen?tico, nutri??o, manejo, equipamentos voltados para este tipo de cria??o, levando ao produtor informa??es mais precisas. Pesquisas tem apontado que a adi??o de ?leos vegetais nas ra??es pode melhorar o desempenho e a qualidade da carne, pois a disponibilidade de ?cidos graxos favorece a obten??o de produtos com perfil nutricional diferenciado principalmente em rela??o ao perfil dos ?cidos graxos. Objetivou-se avaliar a utiliza??o do ?leo de canola e ?leo de coco na ra??o de codornas europeias sobre o desempenho e o perfil lip?dico da carne. Foram utilizadas 192 codornas europeias (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) de sexo misto, alojadas em boxes (1,00 x 1,50 m) distribu?das em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 (n?veis de ?leo = 1% e 2% x fontes de ?leo = canola e coco) com quatro tratamentos e seis repeti??es de oito aves. As ra??es foram formuladas para atender ?s exig?ncias nutricionais das codornas na fase de crescimento (8 a 21 dias) e termina??o (22 a 42 dias). Foram avaliados: consumo de ra??o, peso final, ganho de peso e convers?o alimentar durante todo o per?odo de cria??o. Aos 42 dias, duas aves por unidade experimental com peso m?dio de 256,6, foram abatidas para avalia??o das caracter?sticas de carca?a: peso e rendimento da carca?a, peito, sobrecoxa, cora??o, moela e f?gado. O peito foi acondicionado em saco pl?stico com identifica??o para posterior an?lise da composi??o dos ?cidos graxos. A an?lise estat?stica foi realizada por an?lise de vari?ncia utilizando-se o programa computacional SAS (SAS ? Institute, 2004) e havendo signific?ncia foi aplicado o teste de m?dia Duncan com 5% de probabilidade. As an?lises de vari?ncia mostraram que houve efeito significativo (P=0,007) para o consumo de ra??o entre as dietas, observando que a inclus?o de 2% ?leo de canola proporcionou aumento no consumo diferindo da inclus?o de 2% ?leo de coco e 1% ?leo de canola, que apresentaram m?dias decrescentes. Tamb?m n?o se observou diferen?a significativa para a vari?vel convers?o alimentar entre as dietas avaliadas, assim como n?o ocorreu intera??o do tipo de fonte dentro dos n?veis estudados. Em rela??o ?s caracter?sticas de carca?a houve efeito significativo (P?0,05) com a adi??o de duas fontes de ?leos nas dietas para codornas, sobre o peso em jejum, carca?a eviscerada, f?gado e moela e sobre o rendimento de f?gado, cora??o e moela, n?o houve intera??o entre as fontes de ?leos utilizadas dentro dos n?veis estudados para nenhuma das vari?veis analisadas. No perfil de ?cidos graxos da carne de codornas foram identificados a presen?a de quinze ?cidos graxos em todas as amostras analisadas, tendo como predomin?ncia dos ?cidos graxos, palm?tico (C16:0), este?rico (C18:0), ol?ico (C18:1 ?-9 cis) e o linol?ico (18:2 ?-2 cis). O ?-6 apresentou efeito significativo (P=0,01) apresentando m?dia de 27,491% (s?1,13) tendo seu maior valor com a adi??o de 1% ?leo de coco (28,459) n?o deferindo do n?vel de 2% ?leo de coco (27,906) e 1% ?leo de canola (27,140) e ao n?vel de 2% ?leo de canola menor valor (26,457). No conte?do de ?-3 foi observado diferen?a significativa (P=0,02) nas dietas com 2% ?leo de coco (3,072) e 2% ?leo de canola (1,530). A melhor rela??o observada foi com a inclus?o de 2% ?leo de coco seguido de 1% ?leo de coco e 2% ?leo de canola. As aves que receberam a dieta com 1% ?leo de canola apresentaram um alto teor de ?cidos graxos poli-insaturados, mais apresentaram uma baixa deposi??o do eicosapentaenoico e docosahexaenoico, apresentado desta forma uma consequente piora na rela??o de ?-6:?-3. A inclus?o dos ?leos de canola e coco em dietas para codornas europeias nos n?veis de 1 e 2% pode ser realizada sem preju?zo do desempenho zoot?cnico no per?odo de oito a 42 dias de idade, assim como a redu??o na quantidade de ?cidos graxos saturados e melhora na rela??o ?-6:?-3. / Brazilian coturniculture is increasingly prominent in the aspects of breeding and nutrition, and this is perceived due to the increase in academic studies on genetic improvement, nutrition, management, equipment aimed at this type of breeding, giving the producer more accurate information. Research has pointed out that the addition of vegetable oils to feed can improve the performance and quality of the meat, since the availability of fatty acids favors the production of products with a differentiated nutritional profile mainly in relation to the fatty acid profile. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of canola oil and coconut oil in the European quail ration on the performance and lipid profile of the meat. A total of 192 European mixed quail (Coturnix coturnix coturnix), housed in boxes (1.00 x 1.50 m) distributed in a completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (oil levels = 1% and 2% x sources of oil = canola and coconut) with four treatments and six replicates of eight birds. The rations were formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of quails in the growth phase (8 to 21 days) and termination (22 to 42 days). The following were evaluated: feed intake, final weight, weight gain and feed conversion throughout the breeding period. At 42 days, two birds per experimental unit with an average weight of 256.6 were slaughtered to evaluate carcass characteristics: carcass weight, carcass yield, breast, supercoxa, heart, gizzard and liver. The chest was packed in a plastic bag with identification for later analysis of the composition of the fatty acids. Statistical analysis was performed by analysis of variance using the SAS computer program (SAS - Institute, 2004) and the Duncan average test with 5% of probability was applied. The analysis of variance showed that there was a significant effect (P = 0.007) for feed intake between diets, noting that the inclusion of 2% canola oil provided an increase in consumption differing from the inclusion of 2% coconut oil and 1% oil of canola, which presented decreasing averages. There was also no significant difference for the feed conversion variable between the evaluated diets, nor was there any interaction of the source type within the studied levels. Regarding the carcass traits, there was a significant effect (P?0.05) with the addition of two sources of oils in quails, on fasting weight, eviscerated carcass, liver and gizzard and on the yield of liver, heart and gauge, there was no interaction between the sources of oils used within the studied levels for any of the analyzed variables. In the fatty acid profile of the quails meat, fifteen fatty acids were identified in all the analyzed samples, with predominance of fatty acids, palmitic (C16: 0), stearic (C18: 0), oleic (C18: 1 ? -9 cis) and linoleic (18: 2 ?-2 cis). The ?-6 presented a significant effect (P = 0.01), presenting an average of 27.491% (s ? 1.13), its highest value with the addition of 1% coconut oil (28,459), not deferring from the 2% oil level of coconut (27,906) and 1% of canola oil (27,140) and at the level of 2% less canola oil value (26,457). In the ?-3 content, a significant difference (P = 0.02) was observed in the diets with 2% coconut oil (3,072) and 2% canola oil (1,530). The best relationship observed was with the inclusion of 2% coconut oil followed by 1% coconut oil and 2% canola oil. The birds that received the diet with 1% canola oil had a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, but presented a low eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic deposition, thus presenting a consequent worsening of the ?-6: ?-3 ratio. The inclusion of canola and coconut oils in diets for European quails at 1 and 2% levels can be performed without prejudice to the zootechnical performance in the period from 8 to 42 days of age, as well as the reduction in the amount of saturated fatty acids and improvement in the relation ?-6: ?-3.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/24474 |
| Date | 10 July 2017 |
| Creators | Veras, Aline Guedes |
| Contributors | 80449859304, Souza, Janete Gouveia de, 79818560434, Holanda, Marco Aur?lio Carneiro de, 30507677404, Holanda, M?nica Calixto Ribeiro de, 53164709404, Teixeira, Elisanie Neiva Magalh?es |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PRODU??O ANIMAL, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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