by Li Ka Ling. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 221-242). / Text in English; abstracts in English and Chinese. / by Li Ka Ling. / Acknowledgements --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / Contents --- p.vi / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Literature review --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Heavy metals in our environment --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Major source of metal pollution in Hong Kong --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Chemistry and toxicity of copper ion --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Removal of metal ions from effluents by precipitation --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.4.1 --- Metal ions in solution --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.4.2 --- Precipitation of metal ions --- p.13 / Chapter 1.1.4.3 --- pH adjustment reagents --- p.15 / Chapter 1.1.4.4 --- Precipitation of complexed metal ions --- p.19 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Other physico-chemical methods for the removal of metal ions --- p.21 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Removal of metal ions by microorganisms --- p.24 / Chapter 1.1.6.1 --- Biosorption --- p.24 / Chapter 1.1.6.2 --- Other mechanisms for the accumulation of metal ions --- p.28 / Chapter 1.1.6.3 --- An attractive alternative for the removal and recovery of metal ions:biosorption --- p.30 / Chapter 1.1.7 --- Factors affecting biosorption --- p.37 / Chapter 1.1.7.1 --- Culture conditions --- p.38 / Chapter 1.1.7.2 --- pH of solution --- p.39 / Chapter 1.1.7.3 --- Concentration of biosorbent --- p.41 / Chapter 1.1.7.4 --- Initial metal ion concentration --- p.42 / Chapter 1.1.7.5 --- Presence of other cations --- p.43 / Chapter 1.1.7.6 --- Presence of anions --- p.45 / Chapter 1.1.8 --- Properties and uses of magnetite --- p.46 / Chapter 1.1.8.1 --- Physical and chemical properties of magnetite --- p.46 / Chapter 1.1.8.2 --- Use of magnetite for wastewater treatment --- p.48 / Chapter 1.1.8.3 --- Immobilization of cells on magnetite for metal ion removal --- p.49 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objectives of the present study --- p.54 / Chapter 2. --- Materials and methods --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1 --- Effects of physico-chemical factors on the precipitation of Cu2+ --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Reagents and chemicals --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Effects of equilibrium time --- p.59 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Effects of pH --- p.60 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Presence of anions and other cations --- p.61 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- "Presence of chelating agent, EDTA" --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2 --- Dissolution of metal sludge --- p.63 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Dewatering and drying of metal sludge --- p.63 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Dissolving of metal sludge by sulfuric acid --- p.63 / Chapter 2.3 --- Culture of biomass --- p.65 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Subculturing of the biomass --- p.65 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Culture media --- p.66 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Growth and preparation of the cell suspension --- p.66 / Chapter 2.4 --- Immobilization of the bacterial cells on magnetites --- p.66 / Chapter 2.5 --- Metal ion removal studies --- p.71 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Preparation of concentrated Cu2+ solutions --- p.71 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Removal of Cu2+ in the concentrated Cu2+ solutions by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.74 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Effects of EDTA --- p.76 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Effects of anions --- p.77 / Chapter 2.5.5 --- Effects of other cations --- p.78 / Chapter 2.6 --- Maximum removal efficiency of Cu2+ by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.79 / Chapter 2.7 --- Recovery of adsorbed Cu2+ from magnetite-immobilized cell --- p.79 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- Desorption of Cu2+ from the immobilized cells using sulfuric acid --- p.79 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles --- p.80 / Chapter 2.8 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.80 / Chapter 2.8.1 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths --- p.80 / Chapter 2.8.2 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank --- p.83 / Chapter 2.9 --- Data analysis --- p.84 / Chapter 3. --- Results --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1 --- Effects of physical-chemical factors on the precipitation of Cu2+ --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Effects of equilibrium time --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Effects of pH --- p.86 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Presence of anions --- p.89 / Chapter 3.1.3.1 --- Cu2+-S042- systems --- p.89 / Chapter 3.1.3.2 --- Cu2+-Cl- systems --- p.89 / Chapter 3.1.3.3 --- Cu2+-Cr2072- systems --- p.89 / Chapter 3.1.3.4 --- Cu2+-mixed anions systems --- p.93 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Presence of other cations --- p.93 / Chapter 3.1.4.1 --- Cu2+-Ni2+ systems --- p.93 / Chapter 3.1.4.2 --- Cu2+-Zn2+ systems --- p.96 / Chapter 3.1.4.3 --- Cu2+-Cr6+ systems --- p.96 / Chapter 3.1.4.4 --- Cu2+-mixed cations systems --- p.99 / Chapter 3.1.5 --- "Presence of chelating agent, EDTA" --- p.99 / Chapter 3.1.5.1 --- Cu2+-EDTA4 -mixed anions systems --- p.102 / Chapter 3.1.5.2 --- Cu2+-EDTA4--mixed cations systems --- p.102 / Chapter 3.2 --- Dissolution of metal sludge --- p.105 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Dewatering and drying of metal sludge --- p.105 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Dissolving of metal sludge by sulfuric acid --- p.105 / Chapter 3.3 --- Removal of Cu2+ in the concentrated Cu2+ solution by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4 --- Effects of EDTA on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of EDTA --- p.109 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of EDTA after precipitation --- p.112 / Chapter 3.5 --- Effects of anions on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.120 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Effects of anions --- p.120 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Effects of anions after precipitation --- p.120 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effects of anions in the presence of EDTA after precipitation --- p.124 / Chapter 3.6 --- Effects of other cations on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.129 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Effects of other cations --- p.129 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Effects of other cations after precipitation --- p.137 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Effects of other cations in the presence of EDTA after precipitation --- p.137 / Chapter 3.7 --- Maximum removal efficiency of Cu2+ by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.142 / Chapter 3.8 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycle --- p.148 / Chapter 3.9 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.148 / Chapter 3.9.1 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths --- p.148 / Chapter 3.9.2 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank --- p.158 / Chapter 4. --- Discussion --- p.167 / Chapter 4.1 --- Effects of physical-chemical factors on the precipitation of Cu2+ --- p.167 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Effects of equilibrium time --- p.167 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Effects of pH --- p.168 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Presence of anions --- p.169 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Presence of other cations --- p.170 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- "Presence of chelating agent, EDTA" --- p.171 / Chapter 4.1.5.1 --- Presence of EDTA with anions --- p.174 / Chapter 4.1.5.2 --- Presence of EDTA with other cations --- p.174 / Chapter 4.2 --- Dissolution of metal sludge --- p.175 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Dewatering and drying of metal sludge --- p.175 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Dissolving of metal sludge by sulfuric acid --- p.175 / Chapter 4.3 --- Metal ion removal studies --- p.176 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Selection of biomass --- p.176 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Removal of Cu2+ in the concentrated Cu2+ solution by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.178 / Chapter 4.4 --- Effects of EDTA on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.182 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Effects of EDTA --- p.182 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effects of EDTA after precipitation --- p.184 / Chapter 4.5 --- Effects of anions on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite- immobilized cells --- p.185 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Effects of anions --- p.185 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Effects of anions after precipitation --- p.188 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Effects of anions in the presence of EDTA after precipitation --- p.190 / Chapter 4.6 --- Effects of other cations on removal and recovery of Cu2+ by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.192 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Effects of other cations --- p.192 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Effects of other cations after precipitation --- p.195 / Chapter 4.6.3 --- Effects of other cations in the presence of EDTA after precipitation --- p.197 / Chapter 4.7 --- Maximum removal efficiency of Cu2+ by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.198 / Chapter 4.8 --- Multiple adsorption-desorption cycles --- p.199 / Chapter 4.9 --- Treatment of electroplating effluent by magnetite-immobilized cells --- p.202 / Chapter 4.9.1 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from rinsing baths --- p.202 / Chapter 4.9.2 --- Removal and recovery of Cu2+ from electroplating effluent collected from final collecting tank --- p.205 / Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.213 / Chapter 6. --- Summary --- p.215 / Chapter 7. --- Recommendations --- p.219 / Chapter 8. --- References --- p.221
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323417 |
| Date | January 2001 |
| Contributors | Li, Ka Ling., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Environmental Science. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xxii, 242 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Coverage | China, Hong Kong |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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