Aujourd’hui, il y a une demande croissante de fournir les informations d'environnement en temps réel tels que la qualité de l'air, le niveau de bruit, état du trafic, etc. pour les citoyens dans les zones urbaines a des fins diverses. La prolifération des capteurs de smartphones et la mobilité de la population font des Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) un moyen efficace de détecter et de recueillir des informations a un coût faible de déploiement. En MCS, au lieu de déployer capteurs statiques dans les zones urbaines, les utilisateurs avec des périphériques mobiles jouent le rôle des capteurs de mobiles à capturer les informations de leurs environnements, et le réseau de communication (3G, WiFi, etc.) pour le transfert des données pour MCS applications. En général, l'application MCS (ou tâche) non seulement exige que chaque participant de périphérique mobile de posséder la capacité de réception missions de télédétection, de télédétection et de renvoi détecte résultats vers un serveur central, il exige également de recruter des participants, attribuer de télédétection tâches aux participants, et collecter les résultats obtenues par télédétection ainsi que représente les caractéristiques de la cible zone de détection. Afin de recruter un nombre suffisant de participants, l'organisateur d'une MCS tâche devrait considérer la consommation énergétique causée par MCS applications pour chaque participant et les questions de protection dans la vie privée, l'organisateur doit donner a chaque participant un certain montant des incitations comme un encouragement. En outre, afin de recueillir les résultats obtenues par télédétection et représentant la région cible, l'organisateur doit s'assurer que les données de télédétection qualité des résultats obtenues par télédétection, p. ex., la précision et la spatio-temporelle la couverture des résultats obtenus par télédétection. Avec la consommation d'énergie, la protection de la vie privée, les mesures d'incitation, de télédétection et qualité des données à l'esprit, dans cette thèse nous avons étudié quatre problèmes d'optimisation de mobile crowdsensing et mené après quatre travaux de recherche [...] / Nowadays, there is an increasing demand to provide real-time environment information such as air quality, noise level, traffic condition, etc. to citizens in urban areas for various purposes. The proliferation of sensor-equipped smartphones and the mobility of people are making Mobile Crowdsensing (MCS) an effective way to sense and collect information at a low deployment cost. In MCS, instead of deploying static sensors in urban areas, people with mobile devices play the role of mobile sensors to sense the information of their surroundings and the communication network (3G, WiFi, etc.) is used to transfer data for MCS applications. Typically, an MCS application (or task) not only requires each participant's mobile device to possess the capability of receiving sensing tasks, performing sensing and returning sensed results to a central server, it also requires to recruit participants, assign sensing tasks to participants, and collect sensed results that well represents the characteristics of the target sensing region. In order to recruit sufficient participants, the organizer of the MCS task should consider energy consumption caused by MCS applications for each individual participant and the privacy issues, further the organizer should give each participant a certain amount of incentives as encouragement. Further, in order to collect sensed results well representing the target region, the organizer needs to ensure the sensing data quality of the sensed results, e.g., the accuracy and the spatial-temporal coverage of the sensed results. With the energy consumption, privacy, incentives, and sensing data quality in mind, in this thesis we have studied four optimization problems of mobile crowdsensing and conducted following four research works: • EEMC - In this work, the MCS task is splitted into a sequence of sensing cycles, we assume each participant is given an equal amount of incentive for joining in each sensing cycle; further, given the target region of the MCS task, the MCS task aims at collecting an expected number of sensed results from the target region in each sensing cycle.Thus, in order to minimize the total incentive payments and the total energy consumption of the MCS task while meeting the predefined data collection goal, we propose EEMC which intends to select a minimal number of anonymous participants to join in each sensing cycle of the MCS task while ensuring an minimum number of participants returning sensed results. • EMC3 - In this work, we follow the same sensing cycles and incentives assumptions/settings from EEMC; however, given a target region consisting of a set of subareas, the MCS task in this work aims at collecting sensed results covering each subarea of the target region in each sensing cycle (namely full coverage constraint).Thus, in order to minimize the total incentive payments and the total energy consumption of the MCS task under the full coverage constraint, we propose EMC3 which intends to select a minimal number of anonymous participaNts to join in each sensing cycle of the MCS task while ensuring at least one participant returning sensed results from each subarea. • CrowdRecruiter - In this work, we assume each participant is given an equal amount of incentive for joining in all sensing cycles of the MCS task; further, given a target region consisting of a set of subareas, the MCS task aims at collecting sensed results from a predefined percentage of subareas in each sensing cycle (namely probabilistic coverage constraint).Thus, in order to minimize the total incentive payments the probabilistic coverage constraint, we propose CrowdRecruiter which intends to recruit a minimal number of participants for the whole MCS task while ensuring the selected participants returning sensed results from at least a predefined percentage of subareas in each sensing cycle. • CrowdTasker - In this work, we assume each participant is given a varied amount of incentives according to [...]
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:theses.fr/2015TELE0005 |
| Date | 22 January 2015 |
| Creators | Xiong, Haoyi |
| Contributors | Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, Becker, Monique |
| Source Sets | Dépôt national des thèses électroniques françaises |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | French |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, Text |
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