電子商務近年來快速發展，並徹底改變了商業環境。電子商務能為企業帶來諸多好處，例如：降低交易成本、增加營收、改善流程等等，這些好處使得透過電子商務進行商業活動已經成為不可避免的趨勢了。在眾多電子商務工具中，又以B2B電子商務平台的重要性為最高，因為B2B電子商務平台扮演著媒合全球買家與賣家的腳色，並且創造了非常龐大的交易量。
近年來，探究電子商務的文獻愈趨增加，然而多從科技角度切入探討，較少由策略管理面著手；此外，在主題選擇上，大多為影響採用電子商務與否、以及轉為進階使用兩方面原因和結果，對於採用速度的差異鮮少有文獻加以琢磨；在研究樣本選定上，又以單一國家、已開發國家為多，然而開發中國家近年來的興起、電子商務市場發展潛能卻是不可忽略的；最後則是在探討的變數部分，環境相關議題，尤以制度和文化兩方面為最重要，但卻少有文獻詳細談討。因此本文從策略管理角度著手，並以新興市場和B2B電子商務平台為主軸，探究企業採納B2B電子商務平台速度快慢之原因，以及不同採用速度對於績效是否有不同影響。
本文以216間有採用全球最大B2B電子商務平台阿里巴巴的中國大陸中小企業為研究對象，並以科技、組織、環境的架構來建設模型，最後以路徑分析的量化方法檢視所建構之模型適配度、以及變數間的因果關係。
研究結果顯示，在科技與組織兩個構面中，企業若擁有較少的科技能力、或管理經驗與能力相對較低，反而會更快採用B2B電子商務平台，因為這些企業將沒有多餘人力和技術自行架設網站，同時也缺乏現有行銷通路而轉向採用成本相對較低之B2B電子商務平台，反之，則相對會訴諸現有的行銷管道、或出現科技排擠效果。在環境構面中，企業若位處於國內制度發展較佳的省份，也會因為競爭加劇、提升溝通能力等原因，傾向快速採用B2B平台。最後也發現早期採用B2B電子商務平台，能在短期刺激銷售額提升、並透過內部流程改善降低成本，而使成長率提升。 / With e-commerce, the whole business environment has been fundamentally changed. It has become an inevitable trend that enterprises conduct businesses through e-commerce because it brings benefits as reducing transaction costs or generating new revenues. Among all e-commerce, the importance of B2B e-market is the most significant due to its role as the ”hub” for both buyers and sellers and the huge trade volume it has made.
There is growing number of studies on e-commerce related issues. It is found that most literatures are conducted from the perspective of IT innovations, while rather few are discussed from strategic management domain. As for the topics, there are lots of literatures on the drives of pre- or post e-commerce adoption, while few on how rapidly enterprises may adopt e-commerce. Examining the countries of studies, most are conducted on one single developed country. Studies on developing markets call for more research. As for factors incorporated in studies, the environmental factors are often neglected. As a result, this study bridges these gaps and makes discussion on the drives and performance outcomes of the speed of B2B e-markets adoption.
216 samples of Chinese enterprises are selected from the biggest e-markets in the world, Alibaba.com. The TOE framework is used to construct the model and path analysis is adopted to examine the relationships.
The results show that with less technology capability and managerial competence, firms tend to adopt e-commerce more rapidly due to lack of existing websites or marketing channel. It also shows that with higher development in domestic institutional environment, firms are likely to adopt B2B e-market earlier due to reasons of better communication or competition. Last, firms tend to benefit from early adoption of B2B e-markets in the short term due to improvement in internal processes, increasing sales or cost reduction.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0101351003 |
| Creators | 黃靜文, Huang, Ching Wen |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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