原油成本幾乎占煉油廠經營總成本的90%以上，因此降低原油採購成本是煉油廠降低成本與增加效益的重要途徑。從國際原油交易市場觀點，我國是全部原油進口國家之一，尤其石油產業競爭從1960年代起，多次石油危機更影響世界政治和經濟發展的重要資源。2004年來，隨著國際油價大漲，石油能源需求及煉油產業經營已成為全球重要的課題。因此我國依石油管理法進行開放國內外油品市場之際，已就國家原油量的供需進行國家原油儲油計劃及實施，並提升國家安全庫存需求，同時也因應原油與成品油國際價格變動，積極開拓採購原油油源。目前國際化趨勢營運之煉油產業對我國而言是挑戰開端，主導掌控原油市場脈動，強化管理，優化生產，降低成本等是重要指標。
本研究相關之線性規劃(Linear Programming，LP)應用於原油選擇之生產計劃已成為處理煉油業經營管理的主要手段之一。本研究以某煉油廠作案例，探討原油選擇最佳化採購主因，利用線性規劃模型建立制定製程單元合理的生產操作條件，充分發揮單元的潛能，是執行工廠效益最佳化的基本條件。但單元操作條件的調整牽涉到煉油廠整體原油物料流程的相關變化，包括成品油產品結構、製程單元限制、公用流體消耗等各方面。運用原油物料性質的自動傳遞、分散式遞迴方法，遞迴出原油性質或產品性質收率之間的關聯以得到原油選擇最佳化結果。
本研究之主要研究成果如下：
(1) 建立煉油廠製程單元模型最佳化之原油選擇應用方式。
(2) 建立煉油廠原油選擇後生產計劃決策模式。 / In the oil refinery, the crude oil cost almost takes above 90% of the total cost, so reduce the crude oil purchasing cost is an important method for the oil refinery to reduce the cost and increase the benefit.In the market view of international crude oil trade, ROC is one of the countries that nearly all rely on importing for the crude oil demand. Since the competition of petroleum industry begins from 1960’s and the experiences go through several petroleum crisis make the petroleum to be the important resource influence the world politics and economy development. The price of international crude oil go up quite substantially since 2004, the petroleum energy demand and oil-refining industry managements have become the global important topic. So when the government depends on the petroleum management law to open the domestic and international petroleum product market, she both considers the supply and demand of national crude oil quantity to build the national plan in the crude oil storage and implement, and promote the national security stock demand. To respond the crude oil and finished product oil international prices fluctuation, she also expands actively the crude oil source to buy. The internationalization operation in the oil-refining industry is just a beginning of challenge for our country. To control the crude oil market pulsation, enhance the management, optimize the production, reduce the cost etc. is an important index sign.
The Linear Programming (LP) applies in the crude oil selection for the production plans become the one of the main management means in the oil-refining industry. To instance the oil refinery and find out the main factor to optimize the purchasing cost in the crude oil selection. To utilize the linear programming model to set up the reasonable operation conditions of the process units and develop the potential of the unit well is the essential condition that implements the factory benefits optimization. But the adjustment about the operation conditions of the process units concern with the related variety of the whole crude oil and material process in the oil refinery, including the kinds of finished product oil, the process unit restriction, the consumption of utility fluid etc. To make use of the automatic communication of the crude oil properties and distributed recursion to point out the relationship between the crude oil property and the product property yield, the optimization results from crude oil selection.
(1) To establish the application method of crude oil selection optimization of the oil refinery process unit model.
(2) To establish the decision mode of production plan after the crude oil selection of the oil refinery.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0091932609 |
| Creators | 洪裕政 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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