There are difficulties in the standardization of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) because of the complexity of TCM preparations. This leads to regulatory problems. In the present work, several Chinese medicinal plants were investigated including Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), Sanqi (Panax notoginseng Burk.), compound Danshen dripping pill, and several species of the genus Panax. Plant materials and commercial products containing these taxa were analysed by a range of techniques, including chemical- and activity-based standardization methods: the chemical techniques used include high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic and infrared (IR) spectroscopic methods, followed by chemometric analysis. Different brands of Danshen finished products, Danshen plant root materials of different origin, and Sanqi plant root materials with different production dates were successfully discriminated from each other. Asian and American ginseng were successfully discriminated, and arginine was found for the first time as a main difference, together with other primary and secondary metabolites, using 1H-NMR-PCA. For wild and cultivated American ginseng which had reputed activity in diabetes, an activity-based standardization method based on a cell viability test and proteomic analysis (using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) analysis) of mouse insulinoma (MIN6) cells was performed. 83 proteins were found to be significantly up or down-regulated. This work shows that HPLC, and NMR and IR spectroscopy coupled with PCA methods are applicable to standardization methodologies. The advantages and disadvantages of HPLC, and NMR and IR spectroscopic technology are discussed and compared. The 2D-DIGE protein profile can be correlated with TCM treatments. This work contributes to the current problem of regulatory control of TCM preparation as traditional medicines and may suggest a practical way forward.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:656932 |
| Date | January 2014 |
| Creators | Zhao, Huiying |
| Contributors | Hylands, Peter John |
| Publisher | King's College London (University of London) |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/approaches-to-chemical-and-activitybased-standardization-of-traditional-chinese-medicine(bb9c284e-91f5-4b76-9ee5-14ffbdf7f930).html |
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