Muscle-derived cells (MDCs) are a heterogeneous population consisting of cells that can undergo myogenic differentiation; however, it has emerged that not all MDCs are restricted to the myogenic lineage. This discovery may have many implications; for example, MDCs may be a suitable alternative source of osteogenic cells for bone repair. The currently accepted treatment for bone repair, bone grafting, is often associated with small amount of obtainable bone. Much of the work published regarding the differential potential of MDCs has not, to date, focused on the osteogenic pathway and even fewer studies have been performed on human cells. In this thesis osteogenic MDCs were isolated by differential adhesion to fibronectin (Fn) i.e. MDCsFn and compared with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in relation to their osteogenic potential. The osteogenic potential was assessed by measuring mineralization and relevant gene- and protein- expression. MSCs and MDCsFn had a similar pattern of ALP activity and expression. Furthermore, MSCs and MDCsFn both showed mineralization after 3 weeks measured by Alizarin Red S. A qPCR Array measuring the activity of 46 osteogenic genes also showed similarities in gene expression between the two cell types; however, the MSCs showed a more consistent pattern between patients, compared to MDCsFn. Titanium (Ti) has previously been used as a bone repair scaffold in humans due to its osteoconductivity. The interaction between Ti, of various roughness and hydrophilicity, and the two cell types, i.e. MSCs and MDCsFn, were assessed with relation to biocompatibility. Interestingly, the hydrophilic, rough surface, which has been described as superior in bone formation applications, showed higher levels of cell death, both apoptosis and necrosis, compared to the other tested surfaces for both cell types. In conclusion, due to the similarities between MDCsFn and MSCs there might be possibilities to use the osteogenic fraction in future bone regenerative applications.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bl.uk/oai:ethos.bl.uk:565188 |
| Date | January 2011 |
| Creators | Carlqvist, K. H. |
| Publisher | University College London (University of London) |
| Source Sets | Ethos UK |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Electronic Thesis or Dissertation |
| Source | http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1301768/ |
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