Approximately 26% of the U.S. population between the ages of 65 and 74 years are completely edentulous. Of the different proposed predictors and risk factors, low income and education levels have the highest correlation with tooth loss. While the incidence of complete edentulism in the United States has progressively declined over the past decade, the continued growth of the population strongly suggests that edentulism prevalence will likely remain constant or increase over the next few decades. In patients wearing complete prosthetic appliances, several post-treatment complications may arise, including denture associated Candida species infections and mucosal stomatitis. These type of fungal infections are associated with patient-reported symptoms (e.g. pain or discomfort) and may impede normal oral function. In this study the activity of 11 (antimicrobial and/or antifungal) agents in a dental adhesive carrier against two strains of C. albicans was assessed. In conventional minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays, C. albicans were resistant to histatin 5 and lactoferricin B, yet very susceptible to SMAP28; susceptible to long chain bases sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine; and susceptible to anti-fungal agents amphotericin B, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluconazole, and nystatin. However, in 1% dental adhesive (final concentration) C. albicans were resistant to histatin 5, lactoferricin B, SMAP28, sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, and phytosphingosine suggesting that the components in denture adhesive may inactivate local innate immune factors in the oral cavity possibly predisposing users to fungal infections in relation to their dental prostheses. In MIC assays in 1% dental adhesive (final concentration) C. albicans were susceptible (p value < 0.05) to amphotericin B, chlorhexidine, dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, fluconazole, and nystatin strongly suggesting that these anti-fungal agents could be candidates for inclusion in denture adhesive formulations, and also be used as a prescribed topical treatment in individuals with fungal infections of the oral mucosa.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:uiowa.edu/oai:ir.uiowa.edu:etd-5534 |
| Date | 01 December 2014 |
| Creators | Garaicoa Pazmino, Jorge Luis |
| Contributors | Brogden, Kim A. |
| Publisher | University of Iowa |
| Source Sets | University of Iowa |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | thesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Theses and Dissertations |
| Rights | Copyright 2014 Jorge Luis Garaicoa Pazmino |
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