ABSTRACT
As life expectancies rise and the average age of our population increases, there has emerged a growing need for joint repair and replacement surgeries due to worn out, torn, or damaged cartilage and bone tissue. This has resulted in an escalating demand for further development of the materials used in joint replacement surgeries and advances in joint repair technology. Researchers in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields have furthered the development of advanced materials for musculoskeletal repair by utilizing growth factors, nanomaterials, and antibiotics within the repair material.
The first aim of this thesis was to provide a summary of the current literature on advances in joint repair materials. While there have been many advances utilizing calcium phosphates to aid in bone regeneration; calcium phosphates now just represent a single ingredient within the state-of-the-art complex biomaterials for joint repair. These combination materials can achieve up-regulation of osteogenesis within the wound site. Furthermore, as the advances in nanofabrication have branched to most fields of science and engineering, the development of complex nanocomposites has become a common strategy for resolving difficult multi-tissue repair problems. The development of this class of bioactive, biomaterial nanocomposites is reviewed within todays current literature.
The second aim of this thesis was to construct a new biomaterial aiding in joint repair. By utilizing thermally initiated frontal polymerization, a bioactive, degradable bone augment was constructed that would provide orthopedic surgeons a material with an extended working time, good mechanical stability, and potentially osteoconductive and osteoinductive activity. Four ratios of monomers were explored in an effort to optimize the mechanical properties, chemical stability and cytocompatibility. The ratio of 5:1 acrylate monomer to thiol monomer provided the best overall material characteristics: high cytocompatibility, compressive mechanical strength of 3.65 MPa, and a maximum propagation temperature of 160°C +/- 10°C.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:LSU/oai:etd.lsu.edu:etd-04022015-095919 |
| Date | 10 April 2015 |
| Creators | Totaro, Nicholas Patrick |
| Contributors | Hayes, Daniel, Monroe, W. Todd, Pojman, John |
| Publisher | LSU |
| Source Sets | Louisiana State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-04022015-095919/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached herein a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to LSU or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below and in appropriate University policies, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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