Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados a la depresión en gestantes. Diseño: Casos y controles, corte transversal, retrospectivo. Lugar: Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Lima Perú. Métodos: Se aplicó en 226 gestantes (113 deprimidas (casos) y controles 113 no deprimidas (controles) el test de Edimburgo, y el formulario de factores asociados a la depresión en el embarazo; con una alfa de Cronbach =0.807. Resultados: Se encontró factores de riesgo con asociación significativa tales como: violencia psicológica en la niñez (OR=1.9 IC 95% 1.1-3.4), violencia psicológica en la adolescencia (OR=2.2 IC 95% 1.2-3.8), antecedente de episodio depresivo (OR=3.7 IC 95% 2.0-7.0), relación regular con la familia (OR=2.8 IC 95% 1.4-5.5), relación regular con la pareja (OR=2.3 IC 95% 1.2-4.3) y violencia psicológica por la pareja (OR=2.6 IC 95% 1.4-4.8). También se halló factores protectores con asociación significativa: buena relación con la familia (OR=0.3 IC 95% 0.1-0.6), apoyo emocional de la familia (OR=0.3 IC 95% 0.1-0.4), buena relación con la pareja (OR=0.3 IC 95% 0.2-0.6), apoyo emocional de la pareja (OR=0.4 IC 95% 0.1-0.9) y embarazo deseado por la pareja (OR=0.3 IC 95% 0.1-0.7). Además, el modelo multivariado encontró que presentar el antecedente de episodio depresivo (OR ajustado=3.4 IC 95% 1.7-6.7), violencia psicológica por la pareja (OR ajustado=2.03 IC 95% 1.01-3.9) y ausencia de embarazo deseado por la pareja (OR ajustado=3.6 IC 95% 1.2-10.57), predicen el 67.3% del problema. Conclusiones: Los factores psicológicos personales, familiares y de pareja están asociados significativamente al desarrollo de la depresión en el embarazo.
Palabras clave: Depresión, gestación, factores asociados. / --- Objective: To analyze factors associated with depression in pregnant women at the INMP. Design: Case-control, cross-sectional and retrospective study. Location: Maternal Perinatal Institute in Lima, Peru. Participants: Pregnant women attending the INMP. Methods: We applied the test from Edinburgh to the pregnant women attending the institution, to 226 pregnant women were selected and classified into two groups: cases (113 depressed) and controls (113 non-depressed), and then apply the designed interview on factors associated with depression in pregnancy, the interview has been validated (Cronbach's alpha=0.807). Results: The risk factors with significant association such as psychological violence in childhood (OR=1.970 IC 95% 1.125-3.451), psychological violence in adolescence (OR=2.203 IC 95% 1.277-3.802), previous episode depression (OR=3.758 IC 95% 2.007- 7.039), the relationship with the family (OR=2.812 IC 95% 1.430-5.528), the relationship with the partner (OR=2.356 IC 95% 1.266-4.384) and psychological violence partner (OR=2.687 IC 95% 1.486-4.857). Also found significant association protective factors: good relationship with the family (OR=0.339 IC 95% 0.175-0.655), emotional support to the family (OR=0.366 IC 95% 0.137-0.482), good relationship with partner (OR=0.386 IC 95% 0.213-0.699), partner emotional support (OR=0.412 IC 95% 0.167-0.967) and the couple wanted pregnancy (OR=0.307 IC 95% 0.124-0.755). By the multivariate model were found to present a history of depressive episode (adjusted OR=3.439 IC 95% 1.753-6.747), psychological violence by a partner (adjusted OR=2.003 IC 95% 1.015-3.954) and the absence of pregnancy desired by the couple (adjusted OR=3.647 IC 95% 1.238-10.571), explaining 67.3% of the problem. Conclusions: Psychological factors personal, family and partner are significantly associated with development of depression in pregnancy.
Keywords: Depression, pregnancy, factors associated.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:Cybertesis/oai:cybertesis.unmsm.edu.pe:cybertesis/2977 |
| Date | January 2012 |
| Creators | Paccori Yanac, Leonor Vanesa, Mercado Huachupoma, Yisell Diana |
| Contributors | Diaz Tinoco, Clara |
| Publisher | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos |
| Source Sets | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos - SISBIB PERU |
| Language | Spanish |
| Detected Language | Spanish |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/bacherlorThesis |
| Source | Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Repositorio de Tesis - UNMSM |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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