Thesis (MSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Mediterranean fruit fly (Medfly), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera:
Tephritidae) is well-known as a destructive pest of fruit worldwide. Various control
methods have been used against this insect. The sterile insect technique (SIT) is used
as an important and successful technological method for controlling or eradicating
this pest in many countries. A key factor to successfully apply SIT is dependent on the
availability of efficient and economical rearing methods.
Artificial insect diets with low cost bulking agents have been of interest to many
researchers. The present study investigated the use of locally available maize meal as
a bulking agent in such diets. Maize meal is used for human consumption (in South
Africa) and contains small amounts of protein. This makes the reduction of imported
torula yeast as an ingredient of the diet and source of protein possible, thereby
reducing the cost of the diet.
The larval development of the Medfly reared on artificial diets was studied in
small and large-scale tests. The effect of the diets on larval production was evaluated
using pupal recovery, pupal weight, flight ability, sex ratio, fecundity and egg
fertility.
The results of the small-scale tests showed that the diet containing maize meal
could be used to produce Medfly more economically than the standard Krige diet used
by the ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij Research Institute at Stellenbosch. However, in
large-scale tests the ingredients quantities of the diets used were not the same as those
of small scale-tests. The cost of the modified larval diet was not reduced in large-scale
tests. This was ascribed to the number of eggs used in the tests to produce one million of fruit flies. The maize meal with reduced number of eggs require more diet to
produce one million flies therefore, making it more expensive and less viable. When
similar amounts of eggs were used, the diet appears to be a suitable alternative as the
result obtained was almost similar to those of the Krige diet. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Mediterreens vrugtevlieg ("Medfly"), Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)
(Diptera: Tephritidae) is wêreldwyd 'n skadelike plaag. Die steriele insek tegniek
(SIT) het in baie lande 'n belangrike en suksesvolle manier geword om die plaag te
beheer en uit te roei. Die belangrikste voorvereiste vir die suksesvolle toepassing van
SIT is die beskikbaarheid van doeltreffende en ekonomiese teelmetodes.
Meeste navorsers is geïntereseerd in kunsmatige diëte met 'n goedkoop
vulstof. Hierdie studie is ontwerp om die gebruik van plaaslik beskikbare mieliemeel
as vulstof te ondersoek. In Suid-Afrika word dit vir menslike gebruik aangewend en
bevat klein hoeveelhede proteïene wat 'n vermindering van die ingevoerde torula gis
moontlik kan maak, en sodoende die koste van die dieët kan verminder.
Die ontwikkeling van Medfly larwes op kunsmatige diëte is bestudeer In
kleinskaalse en grootskaalse eksperimente. Die invloed van die diëte op larwale
produksie is evalueer deur gebruik te maak van van papie-ontwikkeling, papie-gewig,
vliegvermoë, geslagsverhouding, volwasse voortplantingsvermoë en
eiervrugbaarheid.
Die resultate van die kleinskaalse toetse het aangetoon dat die mieliemeel
dieët gebruik kan word om Medfly meer ekonomies as met die standaard Krige dieët,
wat in die ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbij navorsings instituut by Stellenbosch gebruik
word, te teel. By die grootskaalse toetse was die koste nie laer nie. Dit word
toegeskryf aan die aantal eiers wat gebruik is om 'n miljoen vlieë te produseer. Die
mieliemeel dieët met 'n verminderde aantal eiers benodig meer dieët om 'n miljoen
vlieë te produseer, wat dit duurder en minder lewensvatbaar maak. Wanneer
soortgelyke hoeveelhede eiers gebruik was, het dit geblyk dat die dieët 'n opsie is,
want die resultaat was soortgelyk aan dié van die Krige dieët.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/53500 |
| Date | 03 1900 |
| Creators | Rini, Lulama Angela |
| Contributors | Pringle, K. L., Barnes, B. N., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of AgriSciences. Dept. of Conservation Ecology and Entomology. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 69 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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