Almonds (Prunus dulcis L.) are the most widely consumed tree nuts in the USA besides USA also being the number one global producer of almonds. Although almonds can be consumed without any adverse effects by the majority of the population, a few susceptible individuals develop allergic symptoms following the ingestion of almonds. Almond allergies are the third most common of all tree nut allergies, affecting ~15% of the tree nut allergic population in the USA. Several proteins of almonds have been identified as being allergenic, including almond major protein (AMP) or amandin which is a major allergen of almonds. However, although several glycoproteins of almonds have been biochemically characterized, the potential allergenicity of most almond glycoproteins are yet to be elucidated. In the present study select almond glycoproteins were partially purified and characterized. Glycoproteins which comprise less than 2% of the total soluble proteins of almonds were purified and separated from the non-glycoprotein fraction using affinity chromatography and were further resolved in to 3 peaks when passed through a gel filtration column. The 3 glycoprotein peaks (glycoproteins A, B and C) were partially characterized biochemically and immunologically in this study. SDS- PAGE analysis under reducing conditions showed that both glycoproteins A and B had 3 major peptide bands in addition to several minor peptides. The 3 major bands of glycoprotein A had molecular masses of ~13 kDa, ~22 kDa and ~44 kDa. The major peptides of glycoprotein B were found to have molecular weights of ~12 kDa, ~34 kDa and ~62 kDa. Glycoprotein C was composed of a single major peptide of ~62 kDa and also of several minor peptides ranging from ~11 kda to ~55 kDa. The major peptides at ~62 kDa of glycoproteins B and C were identified as prunasin hydrolase and hydroxynitrile lyase, respectively by N-terminal amino acid sequencing. All three glycoproteins A, B and C were immunoreactive with polyclonal antibodies raised against whole almonds in rabbit. However, none of the 3 glycoproteins were recognized by the monoclonal antibodies 4C10 and 4F10 raised against AMP of almonds. Dot blot analysis of glycoproteins with human IgE from almond allergic patients resulted in the recognition of glycoprotein B by 6 of the 11 (53%) patient sera tested. 3 of the 11 samples (27%) reacted with glycoprotein A while most patient sera did not show any reactivity with glycoprotein C. Deglycosylation resulted in a significant loss of immunoreactivity of all 3 glycoproteins indicating the possibility of carbohydrate moieties playing a role in their immunoreactivity. / A Thesis submitted to the Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of
Science. / Summer Semester, 2011. / June 27, 2011. / Immunoreactivity, Characterization, Hydroxynitrile lyase, Prunasin hydrolase, Glycoproteins, Almonds / Includes bibliographical references. / Shridhar K. Sathe, Professor Directing Thesis; Yun-Hwa Peggy Hsieh, Committee Member; Kenneth H. Roux, Committee Member.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:fsu.edu/oai:fsu.digital.flvc.org:fsu_181828 |
| Contributors | Jayasena, Shyamali H. (authoraut), Sathe, Shridhar K. (professor directing thesis), Hsieh, Yun-Hwa Peggy (committee member), Roux, Kenneth H. (committee member), Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Science (degree granting department), Florida State University (degree granting institution) |
| Publisher | Florida State University, Florida State University |
| Source Sets | Florida State University |
| Language | English, English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, text |
| Format | 1 online resource, computer, application/pdf |
| Rights | This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). The copyright in theses and dissertations completed at Florida State University is held by the students who author them. |
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