Three experiments (EXP) were conducted to determine the potential of experimental sequestering agents, clays or non-digestible yeast oligosaccharides, to reduce milk aflatoxin concentration in lactating Holstein cows consuming aflatoxin. All EXP included two periods in a randomized block design. Cows were fed an aflatoxin-contaminated total mixed ration (TMR) for both periods of all trials. During the first period, cows received no sequestering agents in the TMR, but agents were included in the TMR for the second period. EXP 1 and 2 consisted of two 7 d periods with 12 cows per treatment. Milk aflatoxin (AFM1) concentrations were analyzed by HPLC for milk samples collected on d 5 to 7 and d 11 to 13. Two treatments in EXP 1 were: 1) control (no sequestering agent n=12), and 2) 100g/cow/day Lallemand n=12. Four treatments in EXP 2 were: control (no sequestering agent) n=12, 2) 10g/cow/day MTB-100® (2004) n=12 (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY), 3) 10g/cow/day MTB-100® 2006 n=12 (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) n=12, and 4) 10g/day/cow Alltech experimental (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) n=12. EXP 3 consisted of two 8 d periods and included 14 cows. Milk samples from d 4 to 8 and d 11 to 16 were analyzed for AFM1 concentrations by ELISA. Three treatments in EXP 3 were: 1) control (no sequestering agent) n=4, 2) MTB-100® 2006 (Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) n=5 and 3) Astra-Ben 20A® (AB-20A®) (Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL) n=5.For all EXPs, the percent differences in AFM1 concentrations between periods 1 and 2 were calculated. All percent differences were normalized using a correction factor that converted values for controls to zero. The changes from zero (%) due to sequestering agents were considered significant at P < 0.05. In EXP 1, the addition of a mixture of NYO-A and diatomite-montmorillonite resulted in a 5.2% numerical increase in AFM1 concentration. In EXP 2, MTB-100® (2004), MTB-100® (2006), and Alltech experimental product resulted in 8.0%, 6.2%, and 9.5% numerical increases in AFM1 concentrations respectively. In EXP 3, MTB-100® (2006) resulted in a 5.1% numerical decrease in AFM1 concentrations, and AB-20A® resulted in a 60.4% significant decrease in AFM1 concentrations. In summary, the AB-20A® in EXP 3 reduced AFM1 concentrations (P=0.01). There were no significant changes (P>0.25) in AFM1 concentrations in response to sequestering agents other than AB-20A®.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NCSU/oai:NCSU:etd-07172008-121019 |
| Date | 03 October 2008 |
| Creators | Waltman, Lindsey |
| Contributors | Dr. Lon Whitlow, Dr. Brinton Hopkins, Dr. Geof Smith |
| Publisher | NCSU |
| Source Sets | North Carolina State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07172008-121019/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dis sertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to NC State University or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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