Infant formula companies began fortifying formulas with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in 2002, including arachidonic acid (AA) at ~ 0.5% of total fatty acids. This study is the first in a series that will examine effects of supra-physiological supplementation of AA on intestinal health. The objective was to determine the time specific effects of dietary AA on fatty acid composition of enterocyte phospholipids and on the mRNA abundance of hepatic ∆6- and ∆5-desaturases. One d old pigs (N=96) were fed a milk-based formula for 4, 8, or 16 d. Diets contained either no PUFA (0%AA, negative control), 0.5%AA, 2.5%AA, 5%AA, or 5% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of total fatty acids. Growth (299 +/- 21 g/d) was unaffected by treatment (P>0.1). By day 16, ileal enterocyte phospholipid concentrations of AA were enriched 176%, 280%, and 355% in pigs fed the 0.5%AA, 2.5%AA, and 5%AA diets, respectively, compared with the 0%AA control (P<0.05). Concentration of AA within enterocytes of the 5% EPA fed group was similar to that of the 0%AA fed pigs, while EPA concentration increased by >8 fold. As pigs aged from birth to 16 d of age, there were no differences in the desaturase mRNA abundance (P>0.1), measured in pigs fed 0.5% or 5%AA. Abundance also was similar among AA-supplemented pigs, but was elevated by 60-80% in the 0%AA-fed pigs compared to those fed 2.5% (P<0.05). These data demonstrate a dose-dependent response in enterocyte AA concentration to dietary AA and show that supra-physiologic supplementation of AA is not detrimental to growth or desaturase gene expression.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NCSU/oai:NCSU:etd-08222006-165814 |
| Date | 08 December 2006 |
| Creators | Hess, Holly Aline |
| Contributors | Jack Odle |
| Publisher | NCSU |
| Source Sets | North Carolina State University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08222006-165814/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to NC State University or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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