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Mechanism of the hypocholesterolemic effect of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides from jelly mushroom.

Lam Wai Yee. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-148). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Lipoproteins --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- General structure --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Chylomicrons --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.6 --- Lipoprotein metabolism --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.6.1 --- Exogenous pathway --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.6.2 --- LDL receptor pathway --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.6.3 --- Reverse cholesterol transport --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2 --- Cholesterol homeostasis --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Role of Acyl-CoA: Cholesterol Acyltransferase (ACAT) in intracellular cholesterol regulation --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Cholesterol biosynthesis --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Bile acid metabolism --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3 --- Coronary heart disease (CHD) --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Risk factors of CHD --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Lipoprotein cholesterol and CHD --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4 --- Animal models for hypercholesterolemic study --- p.20 / Chapter 1.5 --- Physico-chemical properties of water-soluble dietary fiber (SDF) --- p.22 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Water-holding capacity --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Viscosity --- p.24 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Adsorption or entrapment of organic molecules --- p.25 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Fermentability --- p.25 / Chapter 1.6 --- Hypocholesterolemic effect of SDF and proposed mechanisms --- p.26 / Chapter 1.7 --- Medicinal properties of edible mushrooms --- p.28 / Chapter 1.7.1 --- Background information --- p.28 / Chapter 1.7.2 --- Hypocholesterolemic effect of edible mushrooms --- p.29 / Chapter 1.7.3 --- Previous studies on edible jelly mushrooms --- p.31 / Chapter 1.8 --- Objectives / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Materials and Methods --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Sample preparation --- p.34 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Animal model --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Extraction scheme of mushroom water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides (SNSPs) --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Proximate analyses of samples --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Crude protein --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Fat --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Total dietary fiber --- p.38 / Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- Soluble and insoluble dietary fiber --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.2.5 --- Ash --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.2.6 --- Moisture --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Chemical characterization of mushroom SNSPs --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Monosaccharide composition by gas chromatography --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Total carbohydrate content --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Uronic acid content --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.3.4 --- Soluble protein content --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Rheological study of mushroom SNSPs --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2.4.1 --- Determination of intrinsic viscosity [ η] of mushroom SNSPs --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2.4.2 --- Determination of apparent viscosity [ηap] of mushroom SNSPs --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- In vivo study --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.5.1 --- Animal diets --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.5.1.1 --- Study for hypocholesterolemic potential of mushroom SNSPs --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.5.1.2 --- Study for dose-dependent effect on hypocholesteolemic potential of Auricularia polytricha (AP) SNSP --- p.50 / Chapter 2.2.5.2 --- Feeding experiments --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2.5.2.1 --- Screening for hypocholesterolemic potential of mushroom SNSPs --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2.5.2.2 --- Dose-dependent effect on hypocholesterolemic potential of AP SNSP --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.5.3 --- Blood samples collection --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.5.4 --- Plasma preparation --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.5.5 --- Liver samples collection and preparation --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.5.6 --- Fecal samples collection and preparation --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.5.7 --- Determination of plasma lipid profiles --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.5.7.1 --- Plasma total cholesterol (TC) analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.5.7.2 --- Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) analysis --- p.54 / Chapter 2.2.5.7.3 --- Plasma triglycerides (TG) analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 2.2.5.8 --- Determination of hepatic cholesterol profile by gas chromatography --- p.56 / Chapter 2.2.5.9 --- Determination of hepatic enzymes activity --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.5.9.1 --- Preparation of hepatic microsomes --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.5.9.2 --- Determination of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl- glutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) activity --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.5.10 --- Determination of fecal lipid profiles by gas chromatography --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2.5.10.1 --- Separation of fecal neutral and acidic sterols --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2.5.10.2 --- Fecal neutral sterol analysis --- p.61 / Chapter 2.2.5.10.3 --- Fecal acidic sterol analysis --- p.62 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Statistical analysis --- p.63 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Results and Discussion --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1 --- Proximate analysis of edible jelly mushrooms --- p.65 / Chapter 3.2 --- Yield of mushroom SNSP crude extracts --- p.67 / Chapter 3.3 --- Chemical characterization of mushroom SNSPs --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Total carbohydrate content --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Uronic acid content --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Soluble protein content --- p.68 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Monosaccharide composition --- p.69 / Chapter 3.4 --- Rheological behavior of mushroom SNSPs --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Intrinsic viscosity [η] --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Apparent viscosity [ηap] --- p.75 / Chapter 3.5 --- In vivo hypocholesterolemic potential of mushroom SNSPs --- p.78 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Effect on body weight and diet intake --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Effect on plasma TC concentration --- p.81 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect on plasma HDL-C concentration --- p.84 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Effect on plasma TG concentration --- p.86 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Effect on hepatic cholesterol profile --- p.89 / Chapter 3.5.6 --- Effect on HMG-CoA reductase activity by AA and AP SNSPs --- p.92 / Chapter 3.5.7 --- Effect on neutral and acidic sterols excretion by AA and AP SNSPs --- p.93 / Chapter 3.5.8 --- Correlation between hypocholesterolemic potential and viscosity of mushroom SNSPs --- p.97 / Chapter 3.6 --- In vivo dose-dependent effect on hypocholesterolemic potential of AP SNSP --- p.99 / Chapter 3.6.1 --- Effect on body weight and diet intake --- p.100 / Chapter 3.6.2 --- Effect on plasma TC concentration --- p.102 / Chapter 3.6.3 --- Effect on plasma HDL-C concentration --- p.105 / Chapter 3.6.4 --- Effect on plasma TG concentration --- p.107 / Chapter 3.6.5 --- Effect on hepatic cholesterol profile --- p.110 / Chapter 3.6.6 --- Effect on HMG-CoA reductase activity --- p.113 / Chapter 3.6.7 --- Effect on neutral and acidic sterols excretion --- p.114 / Chapter 3.6.8 --- Correlation between dosage and hypocholesterolemic effect of AP SNSP --- p.119 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- Conclusions and Future works --- p.121 / List of References --- p.124 / Related Publications --- p.149

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_325660
Date January 2006
ContributorsLam, Wai Yee., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biology.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xix, 149 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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