Dissertação(mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília,
Instituto de Geociências, 2011. / Submitted by Sabrina Silva de Macedo (sabrinamacedo@bce.unb.br) on 2012-07-11T12:50:33Z
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2011_CleideMouradosSantos.pdf: 6717460 bytes, checksum: 465995fc25762e5344c1f969c09034cc (MD5) / O biomonitoramento e uma tecnica alternativa que utiliza organismos vivos
para verificar mudancas no meio ambiente, ocasionada pela poluicao da agua,
ar e solo. Tendo como foco as emissoes atmosferica de Fabrica de Cimento,
localizada na Regiao da Fercal no Distrito Federal, o presente estudo objetivou
coletar amostras de casca de arvore da especie Myracrondoun urundeuva,
popularmente conhecida como Arureira Vermelha, para verificar a variabilidade
espacial dos elementos quimicos presentes na area de estudo. Por meio da
analise com Fluorescencia de Raio – X, verificou-se as concentracoes de Mn,
Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Na, Mg, Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sr e Ba. A Analise de Componente
principal (PCA) permitiu agrupar os elementos em 3 eixos, distribuidos no fator
1 - Zn, Fe, Al, S e Ba; no fator 2 – Cu, P, Ca e Sr e no fator 3, os elementos Mg
e K. Considerando o nivel de significancia entre os elementos analisados e os
encontrados na matriz do cimento e nas emissoes veiculares, o primeiro
componente e o que melhor descreve esta relacao. Sobre o ponto de vista da
distribuicao espacial (analise espacial), por meio do Software ArcGis, foram
construidos e analisados todos os mapas de distribuicao dos elementos no
entorno da FERCAL. Esta analise possibilitou identificar que para a maioria dos
elementos do segundo e terceiro componentes apresentam uma maior
concentracao proximo a fabrica da FERCAL, principalmente dos elementos Fe,
Ca, Cu, Al, P, S, Sr, Zn e Ba, os quais sao elementos fortemente associados ao
calcario e ao processo de fabricacao do cimento. Assim, este estudo permitiu
demostrar, com a viabilidade do metodo, o monitoramento da dispersao dos
poluentes. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Biomonitoring is an alternative technique that makes use of living organisms to
follow changes in the environment, caused by water, air and soil pollution.
Focusing on the atmospheric emissions of a Cement Plant, located in Region
named Fercal in the Federal District, this study aimed to collect samples of bark
belonging to Myracrondoun urundeuva species, popularly known as Red
Arueira in order to verify the spatial variability of chemical elements in the area
under study. Through the analysis method using Ray - X fluorescence were
found concentrations for Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Rb, Na, Mg, Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Sr and
Ba. The principal component analysis (PCA) allowed grouping those elements
in three factors, distributed in the factor 1 - Zn, Fe, Al, S and Ba, in the factor 2 -
Cu, P, Ca and Sr and the third factor, the elements Mg and K. Considering the
level of significance founded among the elements analyzed and those found in
the matrix of cement and in vehicle emissions, the first factor is the one that
best describes this relationship. The use of spatial distribution (spatial analysis),
through the ArcGIS software, allowed the construction and analysis of all the
maps of element distribution around the area of FERCAL. This kind of analysis
allowed the identification that most elements belonging to Factor 1 and 2
showed high concentrations near Fercal Cement Plant, especially the elements
Fe, Ca, Cu, Al, P, S, Sr, Zn and Ba. So, this study allowed the demonstration of
the feasibility of the method of biomonitoring to evaluate air pollutants
dispersion.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.unb.br:10482/10977 |
| Date | 29 September 2011 |
| Creators | Santos, Cleide Moura dos |
| Contributors | Roig, Henrique Llacer |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, instname:Universidade de Brasília, instacron:UNB |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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