Understanding pesticide transport is crucial to evaluate their ecological impact on ecosystems. Current knowledge on the spatial variability of pesticide deposition, the impact of erosion on pesticides export and the in situ pesticide degradation is very limited at the catchment scale. In this thesis, characterisation and modeling at two scales, the plot and catchment, were combined in two agricultural contexts. A formalism was developed to predict pesticide transport in runoff and was integrated in LISEM (LImbourg Soil Erosion Model). The results show that impermeable roads contributed to more than 40% to the overall load of fungicides exported via runoff from the vineyard. Pesticide partitioning between suspended solids and runoff water differed largely according to the molecules and the hydrological dynamics. The occurrence of degradation products and the enrichment of one enantiomer were observed suggesting the potential of chiral analyses for assessing biodegradation of chiral pesticides at such scale. Overall, the investigation demonstrated that combining different approaches enable a better understanding of pesticide transport.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CCSD/oai:tel.archives-ouvertes.fr:tel-01037928 |
| Date | 11 April 2014 |
| Creators | Lefrancq, Marie |
| Publisher | Université de Strasbourg |
| Source Sets | CCSD theses-EN-ligne, France |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | PhD thesis |
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