by Lee Fong-lok. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 309-323). / Questionnaires and some appendixes in Chinese. / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.ii / TABLES --- p.vii / FIGURES --- p.viii / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.ix / ABSTRACT --- p.xi / Chapter 1 --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / HOW COMPUTERS CAN HELP OUR CHILDREN --- p.2 / How Human Tutors Tutor --- p.7 / "Can Computers "" Think""?" --- p.11 / Intelligent Tutoring Systems --- p.17 / ELECTRONIC HOMEWORK --- p.18 / A Personal Tutor to Students --- p.18 / The Present Study 226}0ؤ An Investigation into Electronic Homework --- p.23 / How to Build up Electronic Homework --- p.25 / Effect of using Electronic Homework --- p.29 / The Future of Electronic Homework --- p.29 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.30 / Chapter 2 --- REPRESENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE --- p.32 / OVERVIEW --- p.32 / HOW KNOWLEDGE IS REPRESENTED --- p.33 / SYMBOLIC EXPRESSIONS OR NEURAL NETWORKS --- p.36 / PROCEDURAL AND DECLARATIVE KNOWLEDGE --- p.37 / On Evidence Supporting the Procedural- Declarative Knowledge Distinction --- p.39 / Distinction of Knowledge --- p.49 / EXPLICIT VERSUS IMPLICIT KNOWLEDGE --- p.52 / DEGREE OF SOPHISTICATION VERSUS PROCEDURALIZATION --- p.53 / NOTATION OF KNOWLEDGE --- p.59 / What Should Be Done But Not What Is Actually Done --- p.62 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.63 / Chapter 3 --- WHAT KNOWLEDGE TO INCORPORATE AND HOW --- p.67 / OVERVIEW --- p.67 / SEPARATE STORAGE FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE --- p.69 / DIFFERENT TYPES OF KNOWLEDGE --- p.70 / The Expert module --- p.71 / The Student Module --- p.78 / The Tutoring Module --- p.85 / The Communication Module --- p.121 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.124 / Chapter 4 --- PROBLEM COMPLEXITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES --- p.127 / OVERVIEW --- p.127 / COGNITIVE DIFFICULTY OR SIMPLE ITEM DIFFICULTY RATIO --- p.129 / DIFFICULTY LEVEL OBTAINED BEFORE TEST ADMINISTRATION --- p.130 / OTHER MEASURES OF PROBLEM DIFFICULTY --- p.131 / Complexity of Problems --- p.132 / Problem Complexity Level --- p.133 / INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES --- p.133 / Chapter 5 --- HOW TO IMPLEMENT AND EVALUATE THE SYSTEM…… --- p.136 / OVERVIEW --- p.136 / KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION --- p.140 / Expert Module --- p.141 / Student Module --- p.142 / Tutoring Module --- p.149 / Problem Difficulty --- p.155 / IMPLEMENTATION --- p.161 / Implementation of Knowledge into Computer Tutor --- p.161 / EVALUATION --- p.162 / Formative Evaluation --- p.162 / Summative Evaluation --- p.163 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.167 / Chapter 6 --- KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED --- p.169 / OVERVIEW --- p.169 / EXPERT MODULE --- p.170 / STUDENT MODULE --- p.172 / Mal-rules --- p.172 / Strategies for Handling Mal-rules --- p.176 / Understanding the Errors --- p.177 / Section Summary --- p.209 / TUTORING MODULE --- p.210 / Effects of tutoring --- p.210 / Scores in Posttest and Ceiling Effect --- p.214 / Effects of Practice and Tutoring Methods on Retention test --- p.214 / How Experienced Teachers Perceive --- p.221 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.228 / Chapter 7 --- PROBLEM DIFFICULTY --- p.230 / OVERVIEW --- p.230 / RESULTS OF DIFFERENT MEASURES OF PROBLEM DIFFICULTY --- p.231 / Students' estimation of Item Difficulty --- p.232 / Item Difficulty Ratio --- p.234 / Teachers' Estimation of Problem Difficulty --- p.234 / Predicted Complexity --- p.237 / CORRELATION AMONG THE VARIOUS MEASURES OF PROBLEM DIFFICULTY --- p.243 / How students rate the problems --- p.245 / PREDICTING THE PROBLEM DIFFICULTY MEASURES --- p.246 / About the Three Measures --- p.249 / Practical Considerations --- p.252 / PROBLEM COMPLEXITY --- p.254 / USING PROBLEM COMPLEXITY IN ELECTRONIC HOMEWORK --- p.258 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.258 / Chapter 8 --- SYSTEM EVALUATION --- p.259 / OVERVIEW --- p.259 / THE EVALUATION --- p.260 / Formative Evaluation --- p.260 / Summative Evaluation --- p.270 / DISCUSSION --- p.288 / Who Benefit From Using The System --- p.288 / Hardware Constraints --- p.289 / Human-computer interface --- p.289 / Effect on the use of Electronic Homework --- p.290 / Expert-Novice Differences --- p.292 / CHAPTER SUMMARY --- p.293 / Chapter 9 --- CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION --- p.294 / OVERVIEW --- p.294 / THEORETICAL ASPECTS --- p.295 / Why and how do students make errors? --- p.296 / What makes an expert tutor? --- p.302 / KNOWLEDGE OBTAINED --- p.304 / CAN ELECTRONIC HOMEWORK HELP STUDENTS AND TEACHERS? --- p.305 / Purposes of the Evaluation --- p.305 / Results of The Evaluation --- p.306 / SUGGESTIONS --- p.306 / Machine Learning --- p.307 / Input Systems --- p.307 / Better understanding of Human Problem Solving Process --- p.307 / REFERENCES --- p.309 / Appendix A: Mal-rule Collecting Tests ……… --- p.324 / Appendix B: Test on Solving Algebraic Equations --- p.334 / Appendix C: Tutoring Scripts --- p.336 / Appendix D: Manipulative Rules Used In Solving Algebraic Equations --- p.338 / Appendix E: Remediation Rules Used In Solving Algebraic Equations --- p.339 / Appendix F: List of Mal-rules --- p.341 / Appendix G: Teachers' Estimation of Problem Difficulty --- p.344 / Appendix H: Learning Process Questionnaire --- p.349 / Appendix I: Questionnaire on the Use of Electronic Homework --- p.344 / Appendix J: Teachers' Perception on Electronic Homework --- p.347 / Appendix K: Students' Perception on the Use of Electronic Homework in Formative Evaluation --- p.346 / Appendix L: Results of Students' Perception on Electronic Homework --- p.347 / Appendix M: Students' Scores in Learning Process Questionnaire --- p.349 / Appendix N: Homework 1 --- p.355 / Appendix O: Homework 2 --- p.358 / Appendix P: Students' Retention Test Scores --- p.361 / Appendix Q: Results of Teachers' Perception on Electronic Homework --- p.366 / Appendix R: Transcript of Students' Interview --- p.368 / Appendix S: Installation and Source Code --- p.404
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_321643 |
| Date | January 1996 |
| Contributors | Lee, Fong-lok., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Education. |
| Publisher | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xii, 418 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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