The avian influenza virus can be transmitted from sick birds to other birds by fecal and oral secretion. Therefore, when birds with avian influenza virus enter domestic bird farms and make contacts, it is possible to carry the virus in and transmit it to domestic birds. Since the outbreak of the avian influenza in Taiwan, most bird farms had set up the screen. Yet, the actual effectiveness of screen coverage rate has not been researched. This study will discuss further regarding the results of different screen coverage rate in preventing wild birds¡¦ entering to poultry farms in Kaohsiung area. Field observations were carried out at the wetlands in Kaohsiung county, including Old Railroad Bridge artificial wetland, Fongshan reservoir and 20 poultry farms which were less than five kilometers away from wetlands from September 2008 to October 2009. Chicken and duck farms were analyzed respectively, and the screen coverage rate was categorized into full, partial and no coverage, respectively. The aims of the study were to investigate the effect of screen coverage on the entrance of wild birds to the farms, and found out the potential bridge species near poultry farms. By observing different levels of screen coverage in poultry farms, migratory birds¡¦ activity, and the contact situation between wild and domestic birds, we can analyze the contact level of high risk species and speculate possible transmission path of the avian influenza, and understand the effectiveness of the screens. Also, showing the correlation between the density of domestic poultry and the number of wild bird enterance. The result showed, in terms of screen with different coverage rates, the number of bird species within the duck farms had significant different in full and no coverage. The number of total birds within the duck and chicken farms with full coverage was significant less than partial coverage. Both in chicken and farms, screen had a great effectively in preventing small sized birds entering, yet not on big sized birds. The density of domestic poultry and the number of wild bird enterance showed negative correlation only in chicken farms with partial coverage. In terms of the wild land birds entering poultry farms, Passeer montanus is the largest species, followed by Hirundo rustica and Streptopelia tranquebarica. As for aquatic birds, it is mainly of Ardeidae, Scolopacidae, Charadriidae and Rallidae. Among all, Passeer montanus, Hirundo rustica, Streptopelia tranquebarica, and Bubulcus ibis are not migratory birds and highly pathogenic avian influenza virus species which move between poultry farms and wetlands. Therefore, they were considered bridge species. Due to the bridge species makes direct contacts with poultry, it might be the spreader of the virus. Decreasing the possibility of wild birds¡¦ contact with poultry is an important mechanism for avian influenza control. Also, based on the model of European Food Safety Authority (ESFA), risk assessments will be conducted on Kaohsiung County wetland¡¦s migratory birds¡¦ highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 transmission to poultry farms.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:NSYSU/oai:NSYSU:etd-0208110-153026 |
| Date | 08 February 2010 |
| Creators | Chiu, Jieh-ju |
| Contributors | Liang, Shih-Hsiung, Chang, Hsueh-Wen, Shieh, Bao-Sen |
| Publisher | NSYSU |
| Source Sets | NSYSU Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Archive |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0208110-153026 |
| Rights | withheld, Copyright information available at source archive |
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