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Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase as a biochemical marker for bone diseases.

by Chak Chi Wai. / Thesis (M.Phil)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-155). / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.ii / LIST OF ABBREVIATION --- p.viii / ABSTRACT --- p.x / Chapter CHAPTER ONE: --- INTRODUCTION / Chapter 1.1 --- INTRODUCTION TO ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- The Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- The Properties of Alkaline Phosphatases --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Serum Alkaline Phosphatases --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Placental Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.8 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Renal Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.3.4 --- Skeletal Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.9 / Chapter 1.1.3.5 --- Hepatic Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.3.6 --- Miscellaneous Alkaline Phosphatases --- p.10 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Problems in Discriminating the Skeletal and Hepatic Alkaline Phosphatase in Serum --- p.12 / Chapter 1.1.5 --- Wheat Germ Lectin Precipitation of the Bone- Specific Alkaline Phosphatase --- p.13 / Chapter 1.2 --- STRUCTURE OF BONE AND MECHANISMS OF CALCIFICATION --- p.15 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Gross Structure of Bone --- p.15 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- The Elements of Bone --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.2.1 --- Bone Cells --- p.17 / Chapter 1.2.2.2 --- Organic Substances of Bone --- p.19 / Chapter 1.2.2.3 --- Inorganic Substances of Bone --- p.21 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Mechanisms of Calcification --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3 --- BONE FRACTURE HEALING --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Types of Fracture --- p.24 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- The Process of Bone Fracture Healing --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- Stage of Hematoma --- p.26 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Stage of Subperiosteal and Endosteal Cellular Proliferation --- p.28 / Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Stage of Fibrocartilaginous Callus --- p.28 / Chapter 1.3.2.4 --- Stage of Bony Callus --- p.30 / Chapter 1.3.2.5 --- Stage of Remodeling --- p.31 / Chapter 1.4 --- THE OSTEOBLASTIC CHARACTERS OF UMR-106 OSTEOSARCOMA CELL LINE --- p.32 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Classification of Osteosarcoma --- p.32 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Derivation of UMR-106 Osteosarcoma Cell Line --- p.33 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Osteoblastic Characters of UMR-106 --- p.34 / Chapter 1.4.3.1 --- ALP Expression --- p.34 / Chapter 1.4.3.2 --- Hormone Responsive Adenylate Cyclase System --- p.35 / Chapter 1.4.3.3 --- "Cytosolic Receptors for 1,25-Dihydroxy- cholecalciferol" --- p.35 / Chapter 1.5 --- IN VITRO CULTURE OF FETAL RAT CALVARIAL OSTEOBLASTS --- p.37 / Chapter 1.6 --- AIM AND SCOPE OF THIS DISSERTATION --- p.39 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO: --- MATERIALS AND METHODS / Chapter 2.1 --- BONE FRACTURE OPERATION --- p.42 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Animals --- p.42 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Blood Sampling and Preparation of Plasma Samples --- p.42 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Bone Fracture Operation --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.3.1 --- Reagents and Apparatus --- p.43 / Chapter 2.1.3.2 --- Procedures --- p.44 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Radiography --- p.50 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- Removal of Tibiae --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- Extraction of Callus ALP --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.6.1 --- Reagent --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.6.2 --- Homogenization of the Callus --- p.51 / Chapter 2.1.6.3 --- Extraction of ALP --- p.52 / Chapter 2.1.7 --- Assay for Bone-Specific ALP --- p.53 / Chapter 2.1.7.1 --- Reagents --- p.53 / Chapter 2.1.7.2 --- Procedures --- p.54 / Chapter 2.1.8 --- Normal Curve for Plasma Bone-Specific ALP in Rabbits --- p.56 / Chapter 2.1.9 --- The Effects of Tibial Fracture on the Plasma Level of Bone-Specific ALP in Rabbits --- p.56 / Chapter 2.1.10 --- Profile of Plasma Bone-Specific ALP upon a Fracture Healing --- p.57 / Chapter 2.1.11 --- Profile of Callus Bone-Specific ALP at Different Stages of Fracture Healing --- p.57 / Chapter 2.2 --- CLINICAL STUDIES OF PLASMA BONE-SPECIFIC ALP --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Patient Groups --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1.1 --- Normal Adults --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1.2 --- Fracture Group --- p.58 / Chapter 2.2.1.3 --- Tumor Group --- p.59 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Assays for Plasma Bone-Specific ALP --- p.59 / Chapter 2.3 --- "IN VITRO CULTURES OF FETAL, RAT OSTEOBLASTS AND UMR-106 OSTEOSARCOMA cell line" --- p.60 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Animals --- p.60 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- UMR-106 Cell Line --- p.60 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- General Reagents Used for Cell Culture --- p.60 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Isolation of Calvarial Osteoblasts --- p.64 / Chapter 2.3.4.1 --- Tools and Reagents --- p.64 / Chapter 2.3.4.2 --- Procedures --- p.65 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Storage of UMR-106 Cell Line --- p.67 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Subculture of Confluent Monolayer --- p.68 / Chapter 2.3.6.1 --- Reagents --- p.68 / Chapter 2.3.6.2 --- Procedures --- p.69 / Chapter 2.3.7 --- Staining for Calcium Deposits --- p.69 / Chapter 2.3.7.1 --- Reagents --- p.70 / Chapter 2.3.7.2 --- Procedures --- p.70 / Chapter 2.3.8 --- Protein Determination --- p.71 / Chapter 2.3.8.1 --- Reagents --- p.71 / Chapter 2.3.8.2 --- Procedures --- p.71 / Chapter 2.3.9 --- Microdetermination of Inorganic Phosphate --- p.72 / Chapter 2.3.9.1 --- Reagents --- p.72 / Chapter 2.3.9.2 --- Procedures --- p.73 / Chapter 2.3.10 --- Determination of Calcium --- p.73 / Chapter 2.3.10.1 --- Reagent --- p.73 / Chapter 2.3.10.2 --- Procedures --- p.73 / Chapter 2.3.11 --- Extraction and Assay for Cellular ALP --- p.74 / Chapter 2.3.11.1 --- Reagents --- p.74 / Chapter 2.3.11.2 --- Procedures --- p.75 / Chapter 2.3.12 --- Cell Surface ALP Assay --- p.75 / Chapter 2.3.12.1 --- Reagents --- p.75 / Chapter 2.3.12.2 --- Procedures --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.13 --- Extraction of Calcium Phosphate Deposits --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.13.1 --- Reagent --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.13.2 --- Procedures --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.14 --- Collagen Synthesis Assay --- p.77 / Chapter 2.3.14.1 --- Reagents --- p.77 / Chapter 2.3.14.2 --- Procedures --- p.78 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE: --- EFFECTS OF TIBIAL FRACTURE ON THE LEVEL OF BONE-SPECIFIC ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN RABBITS / INTRODUCTION --- p.81 / results: / Chapter 3.1 --- normal curve for plasma bone-specific alp in rabbits --- p.82 / Chapter 3.2 --- THE EFFECTS OF TIBIAL FRACTURE ON THE PLASMA LEVEL OF BONE-SPECIFIC ALP IN RABBITS --- p.84 / Chapter 3.3 --- PROFILE OF THE PLASMA ALP LEVEL UPON HEALING OF TIBIAL FRACTURE --- p.86 / Chapter 3.4 --- RADIOGRAPHY --- p.89 / Chapter 3.5 --- PROFILE OF CALLUS BONE-SPECIFIC ALP ACTIVITY UPON HEALING OF TIBIAL FRACTURE --- p.93 / DISCUSSION --- p.95 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR: --- CLINICAL STUDIES OF PLASMA BONE-SPECIFIC ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE / INTRODUCTION --- p.100 / RESULTS: / Chapter 4.1 --- NORMAL VALUES --- p.100 / Chapter 4.2 --- FRACTURE GROUP --- p.101 / Chapter 4.3 --- BONE TUMOR GROUP --- p.102 / DISCUSSION --- p.102 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE: --- IN VITRO CULTURE OF FETAL RAT OSTEOBLASTS AND UMR-106 CELL LINE / INTRODUCTION --- p.105 / RESULTS: / Chapter 5.1 --- IN VITRO MINERALIZATION OF UMR-106 CELLS AND PRIMARY RC CELLS --- p.107 / Chapter 5.2 --- STUDY OF BONE-SPECIFIC ALP RELEASED INTO MEDIUM BY UMR-106 CELLS AND PRIMARY RC CELLS --- p.113 / Chapter 5.3 --- STUDY OF CELLULAR ALP ACTIVITIES AND CALCIUM PHOSPHATE DEPOSITS --- p.116 / Chapter 5.4 --- STUDIES OF CELLULAR ALP ACTIVITIES AND RELATIVE RATES OF COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS --- p.125 / DISCUSSION --- p.128 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX: --- GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.136 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.142 / APPENDIX --- p.156

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_318933
Date January 1992
ContributorsChak, Chi Wai., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biochemistry.
PublisherChinese University of Hong Kong
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xi, 160 leaves : ill. (some col.); 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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