BACKGROUND: Magnesium-based biomaterials might provide an innovative therapeutic potential to substantially enhance regeneration of dental tissues. Magnesium (Mg2+) has been considered for its potential ability to accelerate proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts. However, to date, the dentinogenic effect of magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and magnesium oxide (MgO) on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) has not been investigated.
PURPOSE: This study was designed to compare the stimulatory effect of different concentrations of MgCl2 and MgO on dentinogenesis of HDPCs and to explore associated cellular signaling pathways.
METHODS: HDPCs were cultured with 0.5mM,1mM, 2mM, 4mM, 8mM concentrations of supplemental MgCl2 and MgO, 0 mM as negative control group, lignin sulfonic acid sodium salt and xanthan gum as vehicle control groups. Crystal violet staining was used to determine cell attachment and proliferation rate. Cell viability was investigated by MTT assay. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed by evaluating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, expression of dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin matrix protein1(DMP-1), dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), type I collagen (COL-I), and mineralization. Expression of bone morphogenic protein (BMP-2), phosphorylated SMADs 1/5/9, p-p38, p38, p-JNK, JNK, p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) were also investigated. Statistical analysis was applied using multi-way ANOVA with Wilks’ lambda test.
RESULTS: 0.5mM-2mM MgCl2 elicited the highest stimulatory effect on attachment, proliferation rate, ALP activity, expression of dentinogenic proteins (DSP, DMP-1, DSPP, COL-I), expression of cellular signaling proteins (BMP-2, phosphorylated SMADs1/5/9, p-p38, p-JNK) mineralization, and down regulation of p-ERK 1/2 compared to negative control (P< 0.0001). 0.5mM supplemental MgO showed higher attachment, proliferation, cell viability, ALP activity, expression of dentinogenic proteins (DSP, DMP-1, DSPP, COL-I), cellular signaling proteins (BMP-2, phosphorylated SMADs1/5/9) and mineralization, compared to negative control (P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the significant benefit imparted by optimum concentrations of MgCl2 and MgO on HDPCs evidenced by upregulated cell attachment, proliferation, cell viability, ALP activity, mineralization, expression of odontogenic proteins and cellular signaling proteins. Compared with MgO, MgCl2 yielded a wider range of effective concentrations (0.5mM-2mM MgCl2 vs. 0.5mM MgO) for upregulating the dentinogenic effect of HDPCs. MgCl2 at optimal concentrations could be a potential novel material for dentin repair in regenerative endodontics.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:bu.edu/oai:open.bu.edu:2144/45421 |
| Date | 06 January 2023 |
| Creators | Salem, Rania |
| Contributors | Chou, Lasheing |
| Source Sets | Boston University |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis/Dissertation |
Page generated in 0.002 seconds