<p>Potassium is an essential
nutrient, that has been labeled a shortfall nutrient by recent Dietary
Guidelines for Americans Advisory Committees. Increases in potassium intake
have been linked to improvements in cardiovascular and other metabolic health outcomes.
Blood pressure (BP) has often been cited as the primary criterion for determining
potassium requirements. Hypertension (HTN), or high BP, is a primary risk
factor for cardiovascular disease and other circulatory diseases. Cardiovascular
disease (CVD) is responsible for the 31% of deaths worldwide. Findings from the
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality report (which informed the recently
released Dietary Reference Intakes for sodium (Na) and potassium) on potassium
intake and chronic disease concluded, with a moderate strength of evidence,
that increasing potassium intake decreases BP, particularly among those with HTN.
Although, of the 18 randomized controlled trials assessed by the AHRQ, only 4
were dietary interventions, the rest involved potassium supplementation. Observational
studies also show a consistent bone benefit with increased potassium rich fruit
and vegetable intakes in cohorts spanning adolescents to the elderly. In
clinical trials, higher potassium intakes through supplementation have been
associated with reduced urinary calcium (Ca) excretion and improvement in Ca
balance. Although, similar to BP, intervention trials
assessing the impact of dietary potassium on bone are lacking. Controlled feeding studies
looking specifically at increases in potassium from food are sparse, leaving a
large knowledge gap in the field for a nutrient with an important potential health
impact. In general, little is known about whole-body potassium retention, with
the few studies conducted lacking consistency and rigor in methods and design.
What potassium retention means in terms of adequacy, or how higher or lower
retention may influence specific health outcomes is understudied and not well
understood. </p>
<p>Utilizing a randomized,
cross-over, controlled feeding clinical study with complete metabolic balance
measures, our research aims to begin filling these gaps, looking specifically at
the effects of potassium intake via potato sources and a potassium supplement
on BP and vascular outcomes, as well as how the source of potassium may
influence potassium, Na and Ca whole-body balance. </p>
<p>This dissertation will discuss
the physiology of potassium intake, how this may affect potassium, Na, and Ca
retention, and in turn what influence this has on vascular and bone related
health outcomes. Overall the goal of this research is to address the question: What is the importance of dietary potassium, and
how can it benefit cardiovascular and skeletal health?</p>
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:purdue.edu/oai:figshare.com:article/9978749 |
| Date | 30 October 2019 |
| Creators | Michael Steven Stone (7271906) |
| Source Sets | Purdue University |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, Thesis |
| Rights | CC BY 4.0 |
| Relation | https://figshare.com/articles/DIETARY_POTASSIUM_EFFECTS_ON_BLOOD_PRESSURE_AND_WHOLE-BODY_RETENTION_OF_POTASSIUM_SODIUM_AND_CALCIUM_FROM_A_CONTROLLED_FEEDING_STUDY_IN_PRE-HYPERTENSIVE-TO-HYPERTENSIVE_ADULTS/9978749 |
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