Electroencephalography (EEG) non-invasively records electrocortical activity and can be used to understand how the brain functions to control movements and walking. Studies have shown that electrocortical dynamics are coupled with the gait cycle and change when walking at different speeds. Thus, EEG signals likely contain information regarding walking speed that could potentially be used to predict walking speed using just EEG signals recorded during walking. The purpose of this study was to determine whether walking speed could be predicted from EEG recorded as subjects walked on a treadmill with a range of speeds (0.5 m/s, 0.75 m/s, 1.0 m/s, 1.25 m/s, and self-paced). We first applied spatial Independent Component Analysis (sICA) to reduce temporal dimensionality and then used current popular classification methods: Bagging, Boosting, Random Forest, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, and Support Vector Machines with a linear and radial basis function kernel. We evaluated the precision, sensitivity, and specificity of each classifier. Logistic regression had the highest overall performance (76.6 +/- 13.9%), and had the highest precision (86.3 +/- 11.7%) and sensitivity (88.7 +/- 8.7%). The Support Vector Machine with a radial basis function kernel had the highest specificity (60.7 +/- 39.1%). These overall performance values are relatively good since the EEG data had only been high-pass filtered with a 1 Hz cutoff frequency and no extensive cleaning methods were performed. All of the classifiers had an overall performance of at least 68% except for the Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel, which had an overall performance of 55.4%. These results suggest that applying spatial Independent Component Analysis to reduce temporal dimensionality of EEG signals does not significantly impair the classification of walking speed using EEG and that walking speeds can be predicted from EEG data.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ucf.edu/oai:stars.library.ucf.edu:etd-7281 |
| Date | 01 May 2019 |
| Creators | Rahrooh, Allen |
| Publisher | STARS |
| Source Sets | University of Central Florida |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | Electronic Theses and Dissertations |
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