Ma, Ka Ying. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 113-129). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.I / ABSTRACT --- p.II / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.VII / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.IX / Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Calcium --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Recommendation of calcium intake --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Calcium toxicity --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Calcium homeostasis --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Role of parathyroid hormone in calcium homeostasis --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- "Role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in calcium homeostasis" --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2 --- Magnesium --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Recommendation of magnesium intake --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Absorption and secretion of magnesium --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3 --- Cholesterol --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Cholesterol homeostasis --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1.1 --- Role of LDLR --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.1.2 --- Role of SREBP-2 --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.1.3 --- HMGR as rate limiting step for cholesterol synthesis --- p.19 / Chapter 1.3.1.4 --- CYP7A1 as a key factor in production of bile acids --- p.21 / Chapter 1.3.1.5 --- Role of LXR in production of bile acids --- p.22 / Chapter 1.3.1.6 --- AC AT regulates cholesterol uptake in intestine --- p.22 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Effect of Calcium Deficiency and Inadequacy on Blood Cholesterol Level in Intact Male and Castrated Hamsters --- p.25 / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2 --- Objective --- p.28 / Chapter 2.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Hamsters --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.1 --- Intact male hamster --- p.29 / Chapter 2.3.1.2 --- Castrated hamster --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Diets --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Determination of calcium content in animal diet --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- "Determination of serum lipid, lipoproteins and calcium concentration" --- p.33 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Determination of cholesterol concentration in organs --- p.34 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Determination of fecal neutral and acidic sterols --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.7 --- Determination of fecal neutral sterols --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.8 --- Determination of fecal acidic sterols --- p.40 / Chapter 2.3.9 --- Statistics --- p.42 / Chapter 2.4 --- Results on intact male hamsters --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Diet composition --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Growth and food intake --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.3 --- Organ weights --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.4 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on the plasma lipid profile and calcium concentration of hamsters --- p.43 / Chapter 2.4.5 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on hepatic cholesterol of hamsters --- p.44 / Chapter 2.4.6 --- Effect of calcium on fecal neutral sterol output --- p.48 / Chapter 2.4.7 --- Effect of calcium on fecal acidic sterol output --- p.48 / Chapter 2.5 --- Results on castrated hamsters --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Growth and food intake --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Organ weights --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on the plasma lipid profile and calcium concentration of hamsters --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Hepatic cholesterol --- p.50 / Chapter 2.5.5 --- Effect of calcium on fecal neutral sterol output --- p.53 / Chapter 2.5.6 --- Effect of calcium on fecal acidic sterol output --- p.53 / Chapter 2.6 --- Discussion --- p.55 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Effect of Calcium Deficiency and Inadequacy on Blood Cholesterol Level in Intact Female and Ovariectomized Hamsters --- p.57 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2 --- Objective --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Hamsters --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1.1 --- Intact female hamster --- p.59 / Chapter 3.3.1.2 --- Ovariectomized hamster --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Diets --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- "Determination of serum lipid, lipoproteins and calcium concentration" --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- "Determination of cholesterol concentration in organs, fecal neutral and acidic sterols" --- p.60 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- "Western blottting of liver SREBP-2, LDLR, HMGR, LXR and CYP7A1 proteins" --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Preparation of intestinal microsome --- p.62 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Intestinal acyl coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity measurement --- p.63 / Chapter 3.3.8 --- Statistics --- p.64 / Chapter 3.4 --- Results on intact female hamsters --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Growth and food intake --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Organ weights --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on the plasma lipid profile and calcium concentration of hamsters --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on hepatic cholesterol of hamsters --- p.65 / Chapter 3.4.5 --- Effect of dietary calcium on fecal neutral sterol output --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.6 --- Effect of dietary calcium on fecal acidic sterol output --- p.66 / Chapter 3.4.7 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver LDLR immunoreactive mass --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.8 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver CYP7A1 immunoreactive mass --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.9 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver LXR immunoreactive mass --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.10 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver SREBP-2 immunoreactive mass --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.11 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver HMGR immunoreactive mass --- p.71 / Chapter 3.4.12 --- Effect of dietary calcium deficiency on intestinal ACAT activity --- p.77 / Chapter 3.5 --- Results on ovariectomized hamsters --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Growth and food intake --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Organ weights --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effect of calcium deficiency diet on plasma lipid profile and calcium concentration of hamsters --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.4 --- Hepatic cholesterol --- p.79 / Chapter 3.5.5 --- Effect of dietary calcium on fecal neutral sterol output --- p.80 / Chapter 3.5.6 --- Effect of dietary calcium on fecal acidic sterol output --- p.80 / Chapter 3.5.7 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver LDLR immunoreactive mass --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.8 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver CYP7A1 immunoreactive mass --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.9 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver LXR immunoreactive mass --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.10 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver SREBP-2 immunoreactive mass --- p.85 / Chapter 3.5.11 --- Effect of dietary calcium on liver HMGR immunoreactive mass … --- p.85 / Chapter 3.6 --- Discussion --- p.91 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- Effect of Dietary Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Cholesterol Level in Intact Male Hamsters --- p.94 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.94 / Chapter 4.2 --- Objective --- p.96 / Chapter 4.3 --- Materials and methods --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Hamsters --- p.97 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Diets --- p.98 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- "Determination of serum lipid, lipoproteins and magnesium concentration" --- p.100 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- "Determination of cholesterol concentration in organ, fecal neutral and acidic sterols" --- p.100 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Statistics --- p.100 / Chapter 4.4 --- Results on male hamster --- p.101 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Growth and food intake --- p.101 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Organ weights --- p.101 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of dietary magnesium on plasma lipid profile and magnesium concentration in hamsters --- p.101 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Effect of dietary magnesium on hepatic cholesterol of hamsters..… --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Effect of dietary magnesium on fecal neutral sterol output --- p.105 / Chapter 4.4.6 --- Effect of dietary magnesium on fecal acidic sterol output --- p.105 / Chapter 4.6 --- Discussion --- p.107 / Chapter Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.110 / References --- p.113
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_326289 |
| Date | January 2008 |
| Contributors | Ma, Ka Ying., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Food and Nutritional Sciences. |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English, Chinese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xii, 129 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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