Chi Keung Cheung. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-251). / Chapter CHAPTER I --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 1 --- The structure of bone --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1. --- The cortical bone --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2. --- The cancellous bone --- p.3 / Chapter 2 --- The composition of bone --- p.3 / Chapter 2.1. --- Bone minerals --- p.4 / Chapter 2.2. --- The organic matrix --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3. --- The bone cells --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- The osteoblast and the osteocyte --- p.9 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- The osteoclast --- p.11 / Chapter 3 --- Bone turnover - modelling and remodelling of bone --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1. --- Postulated sequence of bone remodelling --- p.14 / Chapter 4 --- Regulation of bone resorption --- p.16 / Chapter 4.1. --- Role of osteoblast and the lining cell on bone resorption --- p.17 / Chapter 5 --- Regulation of bone formation --- p.19 / Chapter 6 --- Effects of systemic hormones and local factors on bone metabolism --- p.20 / Chapter 6.1. --- Parathyroid hormone --- p.20 / Chapter 6.2. --- "1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3" --- p.22 / Chapter 6.3. --- Calcitonin --- p.23 / Chapter 6.4. --- Prostaglandins --- p.23 / Chapter 6.5. --- Sex hormones --- p.24 / Chapter 6.6. --- Glucocorticoid --- p.26 / Chapter 6.7. --- Growth hormone --- p.27 / Chapter 6.8. --- Insulin --- p.28 / Chapter 6.9. --- Thyroid hormones --- p.29 / Chapter 6.10. --- Other systemic and local factors --- p.30 / Chapter 7 --- Indices of bone turnover --- p.34 / Chapter 8 --- Non-biochemical indices of bone metabolism --- p.34 / Chapter 8.1. --- Radionuclide bone scan --- p.34 / Chapter 8.2. --- Radiokinetic assessment --- p.35 / Chapter 8.3. --- Bone biopsy --- p.35 / Chapter 8.4. --- Bone densitometry --- p.36 / Chapter 9 --- Biochemical indices of bone metabolism --- p.37 / Chapter 10 --- Biochemical markers of bone formation --- p.38 / Chapter 10.1. --- Alkaline phosphatase --- p.38 / Chapter 10.1.1. --- Role and origin of bone alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme --- p.39 / Chapter 10.1.2. --- Measurement of bone alkaline phosphatase --- p.41 / Chapter 10.1.2.1. --- Heat inactivation --- p.42 / Chapter 10.1.2.2. --- Chemical inactivation --- p.43 / Chapter 10.1.2.3. --- Immunological methods --- p.44 / Chapter 10.1.2.4. --- High performance liquid chromatography --- p.45 / Chapter 10.1.2.5. --- Gel electrophoresis --- p.45 / Chapter 10.1.2.6. --- Isoelectric focusing --- p.47 / Chapter 10.2. --- Osteocalcin --- p.48 / Chapter 10.3. --- Osteonectin --- p.51 / Chapter 10.4. --- Matrix Gla-protein --- p.51 / Chapter 10.5. --- Other non-collagenous proteins --- p.52 / Chapter 10.6. --- Urinary Gla concentration --- p.52 / Chapter 10.7. --- Collagen peptides and extension peptides --- p.54 / Chapter 11 --- Biochemical markers of bone resorption --- p.55 / Chapter 11.1. --- Urine hydroxyproline --- p.55 / Chapter 11.2. --- Pyridinium cross-links --- p.58 / Chapter 11.3. --- Acid phosphatase --- p.60 / Chapter 11.3.1. --- Acid phosphatase isoenzymes --- p.60 / Chapter 11.3.2. --- The band 5 acid phosphatase isoenzyme genetics and characteristics --- p.62 / Chapter 11.3.3. --- Band 5 acid phosphatase as marker of osteoclastic function --- p.64 / Chapter 11.3.4. --- Measurement of osteoclastic acid phosphatase --- p.67 / Chapter 11.3.4.1. --- Specific chemical inhibitor --- p.67 / Chapter 11.3.4.2. --- Electrophoresis --- p.67 / Chapter 11.3.4.3. --- Immunological methods --- p.68 / Chapter 12 --- Problems with current biochemical markers of bone metabolism --- p.68 / Chapter 13 --- Aims of this study --- p.70 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- PURIFICATION OF TARTRATE-RESISTANT ACID PHOSPHATASE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMMUNOASSAY FOR IT'S MEASUREMENT / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.72 / Chapter 2 --- Materials and methods --- p.75 / Chapter 2.1. --- Chemicals and reagents --- p.75 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Apparatus --- p.76 / Chapter 2.2. --- Methods --- p.77 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Cord serum --- p.77 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Measurement of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity --- p.77 / Chapter 2.2.3. --- Measurement of protein concentration --- p.80 / Chapter 2.2.4. --- Purification of TRACP from cord plasma --- p.82 / Chapter 2.2.4.1. --- Cation-exchange column chromatography --- p.83 / Chapter 2.2.4.2. --- Gel filtration column chromatography --- p.84 / Chapter 2.2.4.3. --- Concanavalin A-affinity column chromatography --- p.85 / Chapter 2.2.4.4. --- Preparative isoelectric focusing (IEF) --- p.86 / Chapter 2.3. --- Characterisation of purified TRACP --- p.90 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) --- p.91 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- "Optimum pH, substrate specificity and the effects of potential activators and inhibitors on TRACP activity" --- p.99 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Amino acid composition of purified TRACP --- p.101 / Chapter 2.4. --- Methods for raising anti-human TRACP antibody and characterisation of the antiserum --- p.102 / Chapter 2.4.1. --- Production of rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody --- p.102 / Chapter 2.4.2. --- Determination of the titre of rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody --- p.103 / Chapter 2.4.3. --- Immunoblotting analyses for cross reactivity study --- p.103 / Chapter 2.4.4. --- Immunohistochemical study for antibody specificity --- p.105 / Chapter 2.4.5. --- Cross reactivity study of the rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody to some tissue preparations --- p.107 / Chapter 2.5. --- Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for TRACP --- p.109 / Chapter 2.5.1. --- Optimisation and evaluation of the new ELISA method for TRACP --- p.111 / Chapter 3 --- RESULTS --- p.113 / Chapter 3.1. --- "Precision of methods for the determination of protein, TRACP and phosphate." --- p.113 / Chapter 3.2. --- Isolation and purification of TRACP --- p.113 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Concanavalin A affinity chromatography --- p.120 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Isoelectric focusing (IEF) --- p.120 / Chapter 3.3. --- Characterisation and homogeneity of purified TRACP --- p.128 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Characterisation of purified TRACP --- p.128 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Homogeneity of purified TRACP --- p.132 / Chapter 3.3.3. --- Amino acid composition --- p.136 / Chapter 3.4. --- Characterisation of the rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody --- p.136 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Antibody specificity - immunoblotting study --- p.139 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Antibody specificity - cross reactivity with partially purified non-cord plasma TRACP --- p.142 / Chapter 3.4.3. --- Antibody specificity - immunohistochemical study --- p.145 / Chapter 3.5. --- Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for TRACP --- p.145 / Chapter 3.5.1. --- Optimal concentration of antigen for coating of microtitre plate --- p.145 / Chapter 3.5.2. --- Kinetics of reaction with the primary rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody --- p.149 / Chapter 3.5.3. --- "Precision, recovery and assay range" --- p.149 / Chapter 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.155 / Chapter 4.1. --- Purification of cord plasma TRACP --- p.155 / Chapter 4.2. --- Characterisation of cord plasma TRACP --- p.158 / Chapter 4.3. --- Characterisation of rabbit anti-human TRACP antibody --- p.163 / Chapter 4.4. --- Enzyme immunoassay for TRACP --- p.165 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- STUDY OF SERUM TRACP IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH BONE RELATED DISEASES / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.168 / Chapter 2 --- Materials and methods --- p.171 / Chapter 2.1. --- Subjects --- p.171 / Chapter 2.1.1. --- Healthy subjects --- p.171 / Chapter 2.1.2. --- Patients --- p.172 / Chapter 2.1.2.1. --- Post-menopausal women on hormone replacement therapy --- p.172 / Chapter 2.1.2.2. --- Hip fracture patients --- p.173 / Chapter 2.1.2.3. --- Other patients --- p.174 / Chapter 2.3. --- Measurement of other biochemical parameters --- p.175 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Bone alkaline phosphatase --- p.175 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- "Measurement of urine hydroxyproline, creatinine, calcium, osteocalcin, thyroid hormones and parathyroid hormone" --- p.176 / Chapter 2.4. --- Statistics --- p.178 / Chapter 3 --- RESULTS --- p.179 / Chapter 3.1. --- Healthy subjects --- p.179 / Chapter 3.2. --- Serum TRACP concentration in post-menopausal women before and after hormone replacement therapy --- p.185 / Chapter 3.3. --- TRACP concentration in elderly subjects with hip fractures --- p.189 / Chapter 3.4. --- Serum TRACP concentrations in patients with other bone related diseases --- p.190 / Chapter 3.4.1. --- Hyperthyroidism --- p.194 / Chapter 3.4.2. --- Hyperparathyroidism --- p.198 / Chapter 3.4.3. --- Haemodialysis --- p.201 / Chapter 4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.204 / GENERAL DISCUSSION --- p.216 / REFERENCES --- p.219
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_319240 |
| Date | January 1993 |
| Contributors | Cheung, Chi Keung., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Clinical and Pathological Sciences. |
| Publisher | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Source Sets | The Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Text, bibliography |
| Format | print, xv, 251 leaves : ill. (chiefly mounted col.) ; 30 cm. |
| Rights | Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) |
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