The production and processing of various chemicals and raw materials all around the world currently exceeds hundreds of millions of tonnes a year and is constantly growing. In addition, the spectre of produced materials is increasing, including relatively toxic compounds. It is absolutely clear that such production volumes lead to a risk of accidents with the leakage of chemical toxicants, and {--} depending on the toxicity of the relevant substances {--} these accidents represent a serious threat for human health, animals and the environment.Disasters involving chemicals drew public attention already in the 20th century, when ways were sought to guarantee the safety of production, storage and transportation of hazardous materials. This is also an essential prerequisite for the occurrence of an accident involving the leakage of chemical toxicants {--} the presence of such toxicants in the production, processing, storage or transportation.Whether during wars or in peacetime, there are situations when large numbers of people can be exposed to the effects of a wide spectre of hazardous chemical substances (NCHL). These situations include military operations, campaigns by the integrated rescue system (IZS), industrial accidents or acts of terror. In developed industrial countries, the capacities used for the production, storage, processing and transportation of NCHL are usually localized in urban industrial zones. The high concentrations of these hazardous chemical substances within these zones represent a potential health risk for the people nearby. Chemical safety is a challenge and a must. I find this issue attractive and therefore decided to analyse, in my thesis, the causes of mass chemical intoxication and their consequences on the affected population. The objective of this diploma thesis is to compare the forms of protection and liquidation of the consequences of such accidents and try to find, structure and unify the recommendations regarding the solution of emergencies associated with mass chemical intoxications. Another objective was to verify the hypothesis that regulations and existing procedures regarding the solution of emergencies associated with mass chemical intoxications do not correspond with today{\crq}s standards and the on-going development of chemical noxious agents.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:nusl.cz/oai:invenio.nusl.cz:86153 |
| Date | January 2007 |
| Creators | BENEŠOVÁ, Silvie |
| Source Sets | Czech ETDs |
| Language | Czech |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess |
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