The objective of this study was to compare microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and conventional extraction methods for the extraction of total phenolic compounds (TPC) from tomato and sour cherry pomace. Antiradical efficiency (AE) of the extracts and also the concentration of phenolic compounds were determined. In MAE, the effects of microwave power (400 and 700 W), solvent type (water, ethanol and ethanol-water mixture at 1:1 v/v), extraction time (8-20 min) and solvent to solid ratio (10, 20 and 30 ml/g) were studied to observe the change of TPC and AE of the extracts. Conventional extraction was conducted for 6 h using different solvent to solid ratios (10, 20 and 30 ml/g) and solvent types (water, ethanol and ethanol-water mixture at 1:1 v/v).
When the power increased from 400 W to 700 W, TPC and AE values increased. In MAE, maximum TPC and AE values were obtained at a solvent to solid ratio of 20 ml/g. The highest TPC and AE values were obtained when the ethanol-water mixture was used for both MAE and conventional extraction. The highest TPC and AE of tomato pomace extracts was determined as 3.76 mg gallic acid equivalent, GAE/g sample and 4.84 mg 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH/g sample, respectively in MAE using power level of 700 W, ethanol-water mixture, solvent to solid ratio of 20 ml/g and extraction time of 14 min. The major phenolic acids detected in tomato pomace extract were gentisic acid and vannilic acid. For sour cherry pomace extracts, the highest TPC and AE was found as 14.14 mg GAE/g sample and 28.32 mg DPPH/g sample, respectively in MAE using power level of 700 W, solvent to solid ratio of 20 ml/g, ethanol-water mixture and extraction time of 12 min. Epicatechin was found to be the major phenolic acid in sour cherry pomace. There was no significant difference in different extraction methods in terms of TPC. On the other hand, AE value and concentration of major phenolic acids of tomato and sour cherry pomace increased when MAE was used.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:METU/oai:etd.lib.metu.edu.tr:http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12611896/index.pdf |
| Date | 01 June 2010 |
| Creators | Simsek, Meric |
| Contributors | Sumnu, Gulum |
| Publisher | METU |
| Source Sets | Middle East Technical Univ. |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | M.S. Thesis |
| Format | text/pdf |
| Rights | To liberate the content for public access |
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