Thesis (MS en S)--Stellenbosch University, 2002. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: All cities experience urban deterioration in some form or other. This deterioration is caused by
many, diverse factors. The deterioration leads to a loss of investment in the city and a downward
cycle where the causes and consequences of urban deterioration can strengthen each other.
South Africa's fast population growth cause several problems for the country. One of these
problems is suburban expansion, which creates urban sprawl; with its associated problem of
ineffective land utilisation. Urban renewal can be applied to address urban deterioration and utilise
Brownfield sites, which are derelict or underused sites; instead of Greenfield sites, which are sites
that have not been previously developed. It has been found that South African policy still benefit
the development of Greenfield sites. Urban renewal can be used as a tool to address South Africa's
unequal development and opportunities among the different races by improving the people's living
conditions. Development starts with human development.
This study gives a historical and theoretical overview of the urban renewal field of study. After the
review of various authors and four case studies in Cape Town and Johannesburg, it can be
concluded that the urban renewal process can be approached through various methods and should
be included in any city's spatial development framework.
The potential roles local government can play were identified as being to implement a communitybased
redevelopment approach, designing area-specific strategies where redevelopment is feasible
and making grants and tax incentives available. Local governments could also be involved in
public-private partnerships.
The role of the planner within the renewal process has also increased to that of assessing the need
and justification for urban renewal; initiating the projects; negotiating between various role players;
implementing the projects; and monitoring the success thereof.
Special focus was given to gentrification in Cape Town and it was found that displacement of the
original residents does indeed occur. The question within a free market economy is whether the
authority should interfere in this process or not, especially with regard to historic and culturally
sensitive areas such as Bo-Kaap. This could possibly be motivated as being in the "public interest"
in the above case Recommendations were that a community-based redevelopment approach should be followed;
physical and social rehabilitation should be integrated; demolition and displacement must be
avoided; and resources must be allocatd to neighbourhoods rather than individuals. Projects must
also be an intense, short termed action, using local institutions for implementation. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Enige stad ondervind stedelike verval in een of ander vorm. Hierdie agteruitgang word veroorsaak
deur verskeie, uiteenlopende faktore. Stedelike verval lei tot 'n verlies aan investering in die stad
en word gevolg deur 'n afwaartse siklus waar die oorsake en gevolge van stedelike verval mekaar
versterk.
Suid Afrika se snelle bevolkingsgroei veroorsaak verskeie probleme. Een van dié probleme is
voorstedelike uitbreiding wat stadskruip veroorsaak; met die geassosieerde probleem van
oneffektiewe benutting van grond. Stedelike hernuwing kan aangewend word om stedelike verval
aan te spreek, en die benutting van "Brownfield" terreine, wat vervalle, onderbenutte areas is;
instede van "Greenfield" terreine, wat voorheen onontwikkelde terreine is, aan te moedig. Dit is
gevind dat Suid Afrikaanse beleid steeds die ontwikkeling van "Greenfield" terreine aanmoedig.
Stedelike hernuwing kan ook gebruik word as 'n instrument om Suid Afrika se ongelyke
ontwikkeling en geleenthede, tussen die verskille rasse, aan te spreek deur die mense se lewens
omstandighede te verbeter. Ontwikkeling begin by die huis.
Hierdie studie gee 'n historiese en teoretiese oorsig van die stedelike hernuwing studiegebied, met
die klem op residensiële hernuwing. Nadat die literatuur van verskeie skrywers, voorbeelde en
gevallestudies in Kaapstad en Johannesburg ondersoek is, kan die gevolgtrekking gemaak word dat
die stedelike hernuwingsproses aangepak kan word deur verskeie metodes. Stedelike hernuwing
behoort ook by elke dorp se ruimtelike ontwikkelingsraamwerk ingesluit te wees.
Die potensiële rolle van plaaslike owerhede is gevind om te wees: die implementering van 'n
gemeenskap-gebaseerde herontwikkelings benadering; die ontwerp van area-spesifieke strategieë
waar herontwikkeling uitvoerbaar is; en die beskikbaarstelling van toegewing en belasting
aansporings. Plaaslike regerings kan ook betrokke wees in publieke-private vennootskappe.
Die rol van die beplanner binne die hernuwingsproses het ook vergroot tot die bepaling van die
behoefte en regverdiging van stedelike hernuwing; inisiëring van projekte; onderhandelings tussen
die verskillende rolspelers; implementering van die projekte; en die monitering van die projek se
sukses. Daar is spesiale aandag gegee aan die gentrifikasie ("gentrification") proses in Kaapstad waar daar
gevind is dat die oorspronklike inwoners wel verplaas word in die proses. Die vraag binne 'n vrye
mark ekonomie is of owerhede moet inmeng in die proses of nie, veral met betrekking tot historiese
en kultureel sensitiewe areas soos Bo-Kaap. Dit kon moontlik gemotiveer wees as om in die
"openbare belang" te wees in bogenoemde geval.
Voorstelle wat gemaak was, is dat 'n gemeenskaps-gebaseerde herontwikkelings benadering gevolg
moet word; fisiese en sosiale rehabilitasie moet geintegreer word; sloping en verplasing moet vermy
word; en hulpbronne moet toegeken word aan woonbuurtes eerder as individue. Projekte moet ook
'n intens, kort termyn aksie wees en plaaslike institusies vir die implementering gebruik.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/52433 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Van der Merwe, Nicolaas Pieter |
| Contributors | Muller, A., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences. Dept. of Sustainable Development Planning & Management. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 76 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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