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Development of a Valid and Reliable Survey to Assess Personal, Behavioral, and Environmental Factors Surrounding Food Insecurity in a College Population

Objective: The aims of our present study were to develop a valid and reliable survey framed around the social cognitive theory, which would evaluate internal and external factors associated with food insecurity from the student's perspective, and to test the survey with a multi-state population. Design: The College Perspectives around Food Insecurity (CPFI) survey was developed through several revision and improvement steps using a mixed methods approach. In Phase 1 (2018-2019), data were translated into survey items and assigned to a theoretical concept (personal, behavioral, or environmental) in the social cognitive theory. In Phase 2 (2019-2020), content validity testing occurred through two rounds of expert reviews. In Phase 3 (2021), researchers conducted two rounds of cognitive interviews with college students to evaluate face validity. In Phase 4 (2022), the survey underwent stability and internal consistency reliability testing. Participants: Three expert reviewers evaluated the initial survey draft during Phase 2. Participants for Phases 3 and 4 were college students at least 18 years old. Analysis: Descriptive statistics (means and frequencies) were used for expert reviewer scores, timing data, and demographics. Researchers used test-retest and Cronbach's alpha to measure survey reliability. Results: The initial survey contained 143 items: 54 personal, 52 behavioral and 37 environmental. After several testing and revision steps the final survey contained 95 items: 40 personal, 26 behavioral, and 29 environmental. Test/retest reliability was 0.989 and Cronbach's alpha scores were 0.47 for personal, 0.39 for behavioral, and 0.74 for environmental. Mean length of time to complete the full survey was 16.38 min (SD=8.88 min). Conclusions and Implications: The CPFI survey can be used to better understand internal and external factors associated with food insecurity in college students which could inform interventions aimed at assisting this population.

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:BGMYU2/oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-11321
Date19 April 2023
CreatorsKilgrow, Jennette
PublisherBYU ScholarsArchive
Source SetsBrigham Young University
Detected LanguageEnglish
Typetext
Formatapplication/pdf
SourceTheses and Dissertations
Rightshttps://lib.byu.edu/about/copyright/

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