Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) constitute an emerging class of targets for pharmaceutical intervention pursued by both industry and academia. Despite their fundamental role in many biological processes and diseases such as cancer, PPIs are still largely underrepresented in todays drug discovery. This dissertation describes novel computational approaches developed to facilitate the discovery/design of small-molecule inhibitors of PPIs, using the oncogenic c-Myc/Max interaction as a case study.
First, we critically review current approaches and limitations to the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of PPIs and we provide examples from the literature.
Second, we examine the role of protein flexibility in molecular recognition and binding, and we review recent advances in the application of Elastic Network Models (ENMs) to modeling the global conformational changes of proteins observed upon ligand binding. The agreement between predicted soft modes of motions and structural changes experimentally observed upon ligand binding supports the view that ligand binding is facilitated, if not enabled, by the intrinsic (pre-existing) motions thermally accessible to the protein in the unliganded form.
Third, we develop a new method for generating models of the bioactive conformations of molecules in the absence of protein structure, by identifying a set of conformations (from different molecules) that are most mutually similar in terms of both their shape and chemical features. We show how to solve the problem using an Integer Linear Programming formulation of the maximum-edge weight clique problem. In addition, we present the application of the method to known c-Myc/Max inhibitors.
Fourth, we propose an innovative methodology for molecular mimicry design. We show how the structure of the c-Myc/Max complex was exploited to designing compounds that mimic the binding interactions that Max makes with the leucine zipper domain of c-Myc.
In summary, the approaches described in this dissertation constitute important contributions to the fields of computational biology and computer-aided drug discovery, which combine biophysical insights and computational methods to expedite the discovery of novel inhibitors of PPIs.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:PITT/oai:PITTETD:etd-08042011-233540 |
| Date | 07 September 2011 |
| Creators | Meireles, Lidio Marx Carvalho |
| Contributors | Chakra Chennubhotla, PhD, Gordon Rule, PhD, Gabriela Mustata, PhD, Ivet Bahar, PhD, Edward Prochownik, PhD |
| Publisher | University of Pittsburgh |
| Source Sets | University of Pittsburgh |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | http://etd.library.pitt.edu/ETD/available/etd-08042011-233540/ |
| Rights | unrestricted, I hereby certify that, if appropriate, I have obtained and attached hereto a written permission statement from the owner(s) of each third party copyrighted matter to be included in my thesis, dissertation, or project report, allowing distribution as specified below. I certify that the version I submitted is the same as that approved by my advisory committee. I hereby grant to University of Pittsburgh or its agents the non-exclusive license to archive and make accessible, under the conditions specified below, my thesis, dissertation, or project report in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I retain all other ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis, dissertation or project report. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis, dissertation, or project report. |
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