With an increasing share of intermittent electricity production in the energy system, there is an increased need for energy storage. Because of electrochemical batteries’ ability of modularization, fast response and flexibility, grid connected energy storage will enable load balance and dispatching stored energy to optimize grid operations. Grid operation applications such as frequency regulations, peak- and time-shifting will enable saving otherwise curtailed renewable energy. The extraction of materials and the manufacturing of batteries are though energy intense processes themselves. Ligna Energy develops an organic battery, based on organic electronic polymers and biopolymers from the forest. These organic batteries are less energy dense, but do not contain conflicts material, require any strict, energy consuming production environment and can be burned as biofuels in the end of life. Standardize methods for life cycle assessment is a useful tool to determine the cumulative energy demand from extraction of material to end of life thermal conversion. Operation applications such as increase of self-consumption, energy time shift and frequency regulation show that the Ligna Energy organic battery deliver more energy to the grid through the specific operation, than demanded for manufacturing after 15, 9 respectively 1 year.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:miun-50934 |
| Date | January 2021 |
| Creators | Thorén, Linda |
| Publisher | Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemiteknik |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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