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Uticaj brzine hlađenja polutki, vremena otkoštavanja post mortem i postupka salamurenja na kvalitet i bezbednost kuvane šunke / Effect of chilling rate of carcasses, time of deboning post mortem and way of curingon quality and safety of cooked ham

<p>Cilj ovog rada je bio de se utvrdi uticaj brzog vazdu&scaron;nog hlađenja polutki (na &ndash;31&deg;C do cca 4 sata, a zatim na 2 do 4&deg;C do 8, odnosno do 24 sata post mortem), vremena otko&scaron;tavanja post mortem (8 i 24 sata post mortem), nakon brzog hlađenja, i postupka salamurenja (bez ili sa vakuumom) proizvedenog svinjskog mesa (M. semimembranosus) na kvalitet i bezbednost kuvane &scaron;unke (konzervi od mesa u komadima), odnosno postavljen je zadatak razvoja novog proizvodnog procesa kuvane &scaron;unke koji će počivati na značajnoj racionalizaciji tehnolo&scaron;kog postupka, a čime bi se ostvarila i određena ekonomska dobit, uz postizanje vrhunskog kvaliteta proizvoda.<br />Da bi ovako postavljeni zadatak dao očekivane rezultate najpre je ispitan uticaj brzog hlađenja polutki i vremena otko&scaron;tavanja post mortem, nakon brzog hlađenja, na tehnolo&scaron;ki, nutritivni i senzorni kvalitet i bezbednost svinjskog mesa (M. semimembranosus), namenjenog proizvodnji ovog proizvoda. Analizom dobijenih rezultata zaključeno je da se brzim hlađenjem može obezbediti otko&scaron;tavanje polutki 8 sati post mortem, sa internom temperaturom manjom od 7&deg;C, uz značajno smanjenje tro&scaron;kova rada, kala hlađenja i udela mesa (M. semimembranosus) blede boje, odnosno zaključeno je da su brzo hlađeni mi&scaron;ići već do 8 sati post mortem prevedeni u stanje podesno za salamurenje, čime je dobijena sirovina potrebnih svojstava za izradu kuvane &scaron;unke.<br />Od ovako proizvedenog mesa (M. semimembranosus), nezavisno od postupka salamurenja (sa ili bez vakuuma), može se proizvesti kuvana &scaron;unka vrhunskog kvaliteta, &scaron;to potvrđuju rezultati ispitivanja kvaliteta kuvanih &scaron;unki proizvedenih od ove sirovine, pri čemu treba istaći da su utvrđene izvesne razlike kod pojedinih faktora kvaliteta kuvanih &scaron;unki prvenstveno rezultat faktora proizvodnje (na primer, operacije salamurenja), odnosno jo&scaron; uvek nestandardnog postupka proizvodnje ovih proizvoda (na primer, neujednačeno ubrizgavanje salamure). Dodatnim izmenama u tehnologiji salamurenja proizvedena je kvalitetna konzerva od mesa u komadima od ostataka mesa buta, uključujući i izdvojeno meso slabijeg kvaliteta (M. semimembranosus), i na taj način je samo jo&scaron; dodatno potvrđeno da je moguće značajno racionalizovati proizvodnju kuvane &scaron;unke uz valorizaciju celokupne muskulature buta.</p> / <p>The aim of the work was to determine the effect of rapid chilling of carcasses (at -31&deg;C up to cca.<br />4 hours, and at 2 to 4&deg;C til 8 i.e. 24 hours post mortem), time of deboning post mortem (8 and 24<br />hours post mortem), after rapid chilling, and way of curing (with and without vacuum) of processed<br />pork (M. semimembranosus) on quality and safety of cooked ham i.e. a task was set to develop a new<br />process of cooked ham production based on significant rationalization of the technological procedure,<br />enabling a certain economic profit, and achieving first class product quality.<br />The effect of rapid chilling of carcasses and time of deboning post mortem, after rapid chilling, on<br />technological, nutritive and sensory quality and safety of pork (M. semimembranosus) intended for the<br />production of cooked ham was investigated. The analysis of obtained results showed that deboning of<br />carcasses is possible up to 8 hours post mortem due to rapid chilling, achieving internal temperatures<br />lower than 7&deg;C, with significantly lower working co sts, weight loss and share of pale meat (M.<br />semimembranosus), i.e. the conclusion is that rapid chilled muscles 8 hours post mortem were in state<br />convenient for curing, obtaining the raw material of required characteristics for cooked ham<br />production.<br />First class quality cooked ham can be produced from pork (M. semimembranosus) obtained in<br />this way, irrespective of curing process (with or without vacuum), as supported by the results of quality<br />investigation of the obtained final product. Some differences found between certain quality factors of<br />cooked ham are the result of processing factors (curing processes, for example), i.e. of still nonstandard<br />production way of this product (for example, uneven injecting of brine). Certain changes of<br />curing technology enabled the production of quality cooked ham from rest ham meat and the<br />separated lower quality meat (M. semimembranosus). These results additionally confirm the possibility<br />of significant rationalization of cooked ham production i.e. possible valorization of the whole amount of<br />ham meat.</p>

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:uns.ac.rs/oai:CRISUNS:(BISIS)71279
Date15 May 2009
CreatorsTomović Vladimir
ContributorsPetrović Ljiljana, Vuković Ilija, Grujić Radoslav, Džinić Natalija
PublisherUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology at Novi Sad
Source SetsUniversity of Novi Sad
LanguageSerbian
Detected LanguageUnknown
TypePhD thesis

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