PET (positron emission tomography) scans are still in the experimental phase, as one of the newest breast cancer diagnostic techniques. It is becoming the new standard in neurology, oncology and cardiology. PET, like other nuclear medicine diagnostic and treatment techniques, involves the use of radiation. Because of the negative impact of radioactivity to our bodies the radiation doses in PET should be small.
The existing computing algorithms for calculating PET images can be divided into two broad categories: analytical and iterative methods. In the analytical approach the relation between the picture and its projections is expressed by a set of integral equations which are then solved analytically. The Fourier backprojection (FBP) algorithm is a numerical approximation of this analytical solution. Iterative approaches use deterministic (ART = Algebraic Reconstructed Technique) or stochastic (EM = Expectation Maximization) algorithms.
My proposed kernel density estimation (KDE) algorithm also falls also into the category of iterative methods. However, in this approach each coincidence event is considered individually. The estimate location of the annihilation event that caused each coincidence event is based on the previously assigned location of events processed earlier. To accomplish this, we construct a probability distribution along each coincidence line. This is generated from previous annihilation points by density estimation. It is shown that this density estimation approach to PET can reconstruct an image of an existing tumor using significantly less data than the standard CT algorithms, such as FBP. Therefore, it might be very promising technique allowing reduced radiation dose for patients, while retaining or improving image quality.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:MANITOBA/oai:mspace.lib.umanitoba.ca:1993/2833 |
| Date | 17 September 2007 |
| Creators | Pawlak, Barbara |
| Contributors | Gordon, Richard (Electrical & Computer Engineering) Hossain, Ekram (Electrical & Computer Engineering), Leslie, William (Pharmacy) Rickey, Daniel W. (Physics & Astronomy) Samanta, Mrityunjay (Statistics) Torchia, Mark G. (Human Anatomy & Cell Science) |
| Source Sets | University of Manitoba Canada |
| Language | en_US |
| Detected Language | English |
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