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Electromagnetic Vector-Sensor Direction-of-Arrival Estimation in the Presence of Interference

This research investigates signal processing involving a single electromagnetic vector-sensor, with an emphasis on the problem regarding signal-selective narrowband direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of interference. The approach in this thesis relies on a high-resolution ESPRIT-based algorithm. Unlike spatially displaced arrays, the sensor cannot estimate the DOA of sources using phase differences between the array elements, as the elements are spatially co-located. However, the sensor measures the full electromagnetic field vectors, so the DOA can be estimated through the Poynting vector. Limited information is available in the open literature regarding signal-selective DOA estimation for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor. In this thesis, it is shown how the Uni-Vector-Sensor-ESPRIT (UVS-ESPRIT) algorithm that relies on a time-series invariance and was originally devised for deterministic harmonic sources can be applied to non-deterministic sources. Additionally, two algorithms, one based on cyclostationarity and the other based on fourth-order cumulants, are formulated based on the UVS-ESPRIT algorithm and are capable of selectively estimating the source DOA in the presence of interference based on the statistical properties of the sources. The cyclostationarity-based UVS-ESPRIT algorithm is capable of selectively estimating the signal-of-interest DOA when the sources have the same carrier frequency, and thus overlap in frequency. The cumulant-based UVS-ESPRIT algorithm devised for this sensor relies on the independent component analysis algorithm JADE and is capable of selectively estimating the signal-of-interest DOA through the fourth-order cumulants only, is robust to spatially colored noise, and is capable of estimating the DOA of more sources than sensor elements. / Master of Science / Electromagnetic vector-sensors are specialized sensors capable of capturing the full electromagnetic field vectors at a single point in space. Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is the problem of estimating the spatial-angular parameters of one or more wavefronts impinging on an array. For a single electromagnetic vector-sensor, the array elements are not spatially displaced, but it is still possible to estimate the direction-of-arrival through the Poynting vector, which relates the electric and magnetic field vectors to the direction of propagation of an electromagnetic wave. Although direction-of-arrival estimation is a well-established area of research, there is limited discussion in the open literature regarding signal-selective DOA estimation in the presence of interference for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor. This research investigates this problem and discusses how the high-resolution Uni-Vector-Sensor-ESPRIT (UVS-ESPRIT) algorithm may be applied to non-deterministic sources. ESPRIT based algorithms capable of selectively estimating the source DOA are formulated based on the cyclostationarity and higher-order statistics of the sources, which are approaches known to be robust to interference. The approach based on higher-order statistics is also robust to spatially colored noise and is capable of estimating the DOA of more sources than sensor elements. The formulation of the UVS-ESPRIT for higher-order statistics relies on the application of the independent component analysis algorithm JADE, an unsupervised learning technique. Overall, this research investigates signal-selective direction-of-arrival estimation using an ESPRIT-based algorithm for a single electromagnetic vector-sensor.

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:VTETD/oai:vtechworks.lib.vt.edu:10919/99961
Date14 September 2020
CreatorsTait, Daniel Beale
ContributorsElectrical Engineering, Buehrer, R. Michael, Dhillon, Harpreet Singh, Ellingson, Steven W.
PublisherVirginia Tech
Source SetsVirginia Tech Theses and Dissertation
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeThesis
FormatETD, application/pdf
RightsIn Copyright, http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/

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