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The hypolipidemic and antiatherosclerotic effect of fungal polysaccharides.

Koon Chi Man. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 158-174). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Acknowledgment --- p.i / Abbreviations --- p.ii / Abstract --- p.v / Chinese Abstract --- p.viii / Table of Content --- p.x / Chapter Chapter one: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Classification of Plant Polysaccharides --- p.2 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Definition of Dietary Fiber --- p.3 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Types of Soluble Dietary Fiber --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- Physiological Effect of Fiber --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Reduction in Absorption by Viscous Polysaccharides --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Gastric Emptying --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Effect of Viscous Polysaccharides on Intraluminal Mixing --- p.8 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Effect of Luminal Secretions on Viscosity --- p.9 / Chapter 1.4 --- Physicochemical Qualities and Hypocholesterolemic Effects --- p.9 / Chapter 1.5 --- Gastrointestinal Events and Hypocholesterolemic Effects --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Mouth --- p.11 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Stomach --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Small intestine --- p.12 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Large intestine --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6 --- Proposed Mechanisms for Hypocholesterolemic Effects --- p.13 / Chapter 1.6.1 --- Altered Bile Acid Absorption and Metabolism --- p.14 / Chapter 1.6.2 --- Modified Lipid Absorption and Metabolism --- p.15 / Chapter 1.6.3 --- Effects of SCFA on Lipid Metabolism --- p.15 / Chapter 1.6.4 --- Changed Hormone Concentrations --- p.16 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- Materials and Methods --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Fungus --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Animals --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Golden Syrian Hamster --- p.17 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Rabbit --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Characterization of Auricularia Polytricha --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Chromatographic materials --- p.22 / Chapter 2.1.5 --- "Determination of Plasma TC,HDL-C, LDL-C,TG,AST and ALT" --- p.24 / Chapter 2.1.6 --- HMG-CoA Reductase Activity Assay --- p.26 / Chapter 2.1.7 --- "Quantitative Determination of Liver Cholesterol, Acidic and Neutral Sterol" --- p.27 / Chapter 2.1.8 --- Animal Diets --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.8.1 --- Hamster Diets --- p.29 / Chapter 2.1.8.2 --- Rabbit Diets --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2 --- Methods --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Extraction of Water-Soluble AP Polysaccharide (APP) --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Characterization of Auricularia Polytricha --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Determination of carbohydrate content of AP Polysaccharide --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Determination of uronic acid content of AP Polysaccharide --- p.34 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Determination of protein content of AP Polysaccharide by BCA protein assay --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.2.4 --- Determination of component sugar units of AP Polysaccharide --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.2.5 --- Fractionation of AP Polysaccharide --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2.2.6 --- Determination of monosaccharides of AP Polysaccharide by HPLC --- p.37 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- "Determination of plasma TC, HDL-C, LDL-C,TG,AST and ALT" --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Plasma Total Cholesterol --- p.39 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Plasma HDL-Cholesterol --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Plasma LDL-Cholesterol --- p.40 / Chapter 2.2.3.4 --- Plasma Triglyceride --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.3.5 --- Plasma Aspartate Aminotransferase --- p.41 / Chapter 2.2.3.6 --- Plasma Alanine Aminotransferase --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- HMG-CoA Reductase Activity Assay --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.4.1 --- Preparation of Hepatic Microsome --- p.42 / Chapter 2.2.4.2 --- HMG-CoA Activity Assay --- p.43 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Quantitative Determination of Liver Cholesterol --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.5.1 --- Cholesterol Extraction and its Silylation --- p.44 / Chapter 2.2.5.2 --- GLC Analysis of TMS-Ether Derivative of Cholesterol --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Quantitative Determination of Neutral and Acidic Sterols --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.6.1 --- Separation of Neutral and Acidic Sterols --- p.45 / Chapter 2.2.6.2 --- Conversion of Neutral Sterols to its TMS-Ether Derivative --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2.6.3 --- Conversion of Acidic Sterols to its TMS-Ether Derivatives --- p.46 / Chapter 2.2.6.4 --- GLC Analysis of Neutral and Acidic Sterols --- p.47 / Chapter 2.2.7 --- Study of Atherosclerosis of Rabbit --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.7.1 --- Sudan III staining of the thoracic aorta --- p.48 / Chapter 2.2.7.2 --- Measurement of atheroma formation in the aorta --- p.49 / Chapter 2.2.8 --- Animal Experiments --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2.8.1 --- Protective Effect of APP in Hyperlipidemic Study (Exp. 1) --- p.51 / Chapter 2.2.8.2 --- Therapeutic Effect of APP in Hyperlipidemic Study (Exp. 2) --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.8.3 --- Dose Response of APP in Hyperlipidemic Study (Exp. 3) --- p.52 / Chapter 2.2.8.4 --- Hypolipidemic Effect of Short Chain Fatty Acid (Exp. 4) --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.8.5 --- Effect of APP and SCFA on HMG-CoA Reductase Activity (Exp5) --- p.53 / Chapter 2.2.8.6 --- Hypolipidemic and Anti-atherosclerotic Effect of APP (Exp. 6) ´Ø… --- p.54 / Chapter 2.3 --- Statistical analysis --- p.54 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- Fractionation and Characterization of Auricularia Polytricha Polysaccharide --- p.55 / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2 --- Fungal polysaccharides from Auricularia Polytricha --- p.55 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Extraction and Fractionation of Auricularia Polytricha --- p.57 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Determination of Carbohydrates Content --- p.58 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Determination of Protein Content --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Determination of Uronic Acid Content --- p.61 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Determination of component sugars of AP Polysaccharide --- p.65 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Fractionation of AP Polysaccharide --- p.67 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Determination of monosaccharide components of AP Polysaccharide by HPLC --- p.72 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.79 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- "Protective, Therapeutic and Dose Effect of Auricularia Polytricha Polysaccharide (APP) on Hyperlipidemia" --- p.83 / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.83 / Chapter 4.2 --- Results (Exp. 1) --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Body Weight and Food Intake --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol --- p.86 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- "Effect of APP Supplementation on Plasma TC, HDL-C and TG" --- p.87 / Chapter 4.2.4 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Fecal Output of Neutral Sterols --- p.94 / Chapter 4.2.5 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Fecal Output of Acidic Sterols --- p.94 / Chapter 4.3 --- Discussion (Exp. 1) --- p.99 / Chapter 4.4 --- Results (Exp. 2) --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Body Weight and Food Intake --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol --- p.102 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Plasma TC and TG --- p.103 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Plasma HDL-C and LDL-C --- p.104 / Chapter 4.5 --- Discussion (Exp. 2) --- p.109 / Chapter 4.6 --- Results (Exp. 3) --- p.111 / Chapter 4.6.1 --- Body Weight and Food Intake --- p.111 / Chapter 4.6.2 --- Dose Response of APP Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol --- p.111 / Chapter 4.6.3 --- Dose Response of APP Supplementation on Plasma TG --- p.112 / Chapter 4.6.4 --- Dose Response of APP Supplementation on Plasma HDL-C and LDL-C --- p.112 / Chapter 4.6.5 --- Dose Response of APP Supplementation on ALT and AST Activity --- p.113 / Chapter 4.6.6 --- Dose Response of APP Supplementation on Fecal Output of Neutral and Acidic Sterols --- p.113 / Chapter 4.7 --- Discussion --- p.121 / Chapter Chapter Five: --- Hypolipidemic Effect of Short Chain Fatty Acids --- p.123 / Chapter 5.1 --- "Introduction (Exp. 4,5)" --- p.123 / Chapter 5.2 --- "Results (Exp. 4,5)" --- p.125 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Body Weight and Food Intake --- p.125 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Effect of SCFA Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol --- p.125 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- "Effect of SCFA Supplementation on Plasma TG, HDL-C and LDL-C" --- p.128 / Chapter 5.2.4 --- Effect of SCFA Supplementation on AST and ALT Activity --- p.128 / Chapter 5.2.5 --- Effect of SCFA supplementation on HMG-CoA Reductase Activity --- p.133 / Chapter 5.3 --- "Discussion (Exp. 4,5)" --- p.135 / Chapter Chapter Six: --- Hypolipidemic and Antiatherosclerotic Effect of APP --- p.137 / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction (Exp. 6) --- p.137 / Chapter 6.2 --- Results (Exp. 6) --- p.139 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Body Weight and Food Intake --- p.139 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on Hepatic Cholesterol --- p.139 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- "Effect of APP Supplementation on Plasma TG, HDL- and LDL-C" --- p.141 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Effect of APP Supplementation on AST and ALT Activity --- p.142 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Effect of APP supplementation on HMG-CoA Reductase Activity --- p.146 / Chapter 6.2.6 --- Effect of APP supplementation on the Formation of Atheroma --- p.146 / Chapter 6.3 --- Discussion (Exp. 6) --- p.151 / Chapter Chapter Seven: --- General Discussion and Future Perspectives --- p.153 / References --- p.158

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:cuhk.edu.hk/oai:cuhk-dr:cuhk_323144
Date January 2000
ContributorsKoon, Chi Man., Chinese University of Hong Kong Graduate School. Division of Biochemistry.
Source SetsThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
LanguageEnglish, Chinese
Detected LanguageEnglish
TypeText, bibliography
Formatprint, xv, 174 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm.
RightsUse of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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