Thesis(M. Mus.) -- Stellenbosch University, 1994. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between developing the voice
and freeing the voice. The ultimate aim of developing the singing voice is expression
through the medium of sound. For this to happen, a singer's voice has to function free
and resonant. Every song demands certain expressive qualities, and the singing
instrument should be able to react to a wide range of impulses. The singing instrument
should be freed to enable optimal functioning, while authentically conveying powerful
emotions. Developing and freeing the voice is a psycho-physical process.
A person's psycho-physical functioning is manifested in body posture. As it were, the
body conforms to a person's predisposition and muscle use. Muscle condition, muscle
use and the singer's psychological state of mind influence the way in which sound is
produced. Sensory perception, the body and breathing in balance, and the use of the
body as singing instrument is discussed in chapter two.
During the teaching of singing it is imperative that singers develop free habits and
expectations. A process of releasing the voice is needed, because stressful habits and
distorted sound-expectations have become part of the singer's performance. This
inhibits expression in sound and causes the singing apparatus to operate ineffectively.
The proper balance between effort and result is often disturbed. In chapter three it is
pointed out that more attention should be paid to psycho-physical aspects, including
psychological hindrances, the mind, motivation and body language. The teacher-pupil
relationship and fear can also influence the development of the voice. In the process of
freeing the voice, the Alexander technique can contribute to recognition of
malfunctioning and tension in the body. A new and expanded approach to teaching and
learning is needed - this will enable the singer to fully participate through thought,
physical sensing, feeling and intuitive functions during teaching sessions. All these
components interact with each other to support the singing process and develop good
technical skills.
In chapter four activities which can contribute to the freeing process of the voice and
psycho-physical development are discussed. Activities used to promote the integration
of all components are game playing as aid to singing development, characterisation as
tool for personality and emotional development, imagery and imagination, and voice
and movement. In the final chapter some conclusions and directives are given for
future teaching of singing, with recommendations about areas in which more research
is needed, including development of mental concepts in singing, sound and movement,
and the role and influence of feeling and emotion during the singing process. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie is 'n ondersoek na die verband tussen stemontwikkeling en
stembevryding. Tydens sangstemontwikkeling is die uiteindelike doelwit ekspressie -
om deur middel van klank uitdrukking te kan gee. Om dit te laat gebeur moet 'n
sanger se stem vry en resonant klink. Elke lied stel sekere vereistes ten opsigte van
uitdrukking en die sangapparaat behoort te kan reageer op 'n verskeidenheid van
impulse. Die sangapparaat moet vry wees om optimaal te funksioneer en kragtige
emosies getrou te verklank. Stemontwikkeling en stembevryding is 'n psigo-fisiese
proses.
Liggaamshouding IS 'n uiting of manifestasie van die mens se psigo-fisiese
funksionering. Die liggaam neem as 't ware die vorm van die persoon se ingesteldheid
en spiergebruik aan. Die toestand van spiere, die funksionering van spiere en die
persoon se psigiese toestand het 'n invloed op die klank. Sensoriese waarneming, die
liggaam en asemhaling in balans en die gebruik van die liggaam as sanginstrument
word in hoofstuk twee bespreek.
In sangonderrig is dit noodsaaklik dat sangers vrye gewoontes en verwagtinge sal
ontwikkel. In Bevrydingsproses is dus nodig omdat spanningsvolle gewoontes en
verwronge klankverwagtinge deel geword het van die sanger se denkwyse as gevolg
van wanbegrippe oor sang. Dit inhibeer klankuitdrukking en laat die sangapparaat
oneffektief funksioneer. Die korrekte verhouding tussen inspanning en resultaat is
dikwels versteur. In hoofstuk drie word aangetoon dat in sangonderrig meer aandag
gegee behoort te word aan psigo-fisiese aspekte, waaronder psigiese blokkerings, die
denke, motivering en liggaamstaal. Ook die onderwyser-sanger-verhouding en vrees
kan stemontwikkeling beinvloed. In die stembevrydingsproses kan lesse in die
Alexandertegniek heelwat bydra tot die herkenning van wanfunksionering en spanning
in die liggaam. 'n Nuwe en uitgebreide benadering tot onderrig en leer is dus wenslik,
sodat die sanger tydens sangonderrig in sy totaliteit betrek kan word in sy denk-, fisiessintuiglike, gevoels- en intultiewe funksies. Al hierdie komponente werk interafhanklik
saam om die sangproses te onderhou en goeie tegniese vaardighede te laat ontwikkel.
In hoofstuk vier word aktiwiteite bespreek wat kan help met stembevryding en psigofisiese
ontwikkeling. Die aktiwiteite wat integrasie van alle komponente bevorder, sluit
in spel as hulpmiddel vir sangontwikkeling, karakterisering as middel tot
persoonlikheids- en emosionele ontwikkeling, beeldingspel en verbeelding, en stem en
beweging. In die finale hoofstuk word gevolgtrekkings en rigtingwysers vir
toekomstige sangonderrig gemaak, met aanbevelings oor areas waaroor meer navorsing
nodig is soos denkontwikkeling vir sangers, stem en beweging, en die funksionering en
invloed van gevoel en emosie tydens die sangproses.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/58276 |
| Date | 03 1900 |
| Creators | Theron, Marie Antoinette |
| Contributors | Loeb van Zuilenburg, P. E. O. F., Oosthuizen, M. J., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Arts & Social Sciences. Dept. of Music. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | af_ZA |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 183 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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