This thesis picks up from the full-wave spectral-domain formalism developed at ITA's Antenna and Propagation Laboratory (LAP) for the analysis of electromagnetic radiation, scattering and propagation in structures composed of multiple layers made up of complex media. Besides the analysis and design of planar, cylindrical and spherical microstrip antennas, the methodology has also been successfully extended to remote sensing applications. Either way, a representative model needs to account for the geometric and electromagnetic characteristics of the particular structure, and for the electromagnetic excitation mechanism. Nonetheless, the focus so far had been on applications whose sources were distributed along the layer interfaces. So the goal in Chapters 2 and 3 is to extend the model coverage to vertical electric and magnetic sources embedded in planar structures made up of isotropic dielectric layers. Their spectral Green's functions are calculated using the auxiliary vector potential approach. In addition, horizontal electrical and magnetic sources are analyzed using LAP's technique, thus providing a consistent formalism to handle any combination. The limit case of infinitesimal current elements is derived, as well as that of a dipole holding a sinusoidal current distribution. Careful analysis of the boundary conditions affecting the tangential field components produces two uncoupled systems, one on the spectral electric field amplitudes, and another on the magnetic field, cutting down the mathematical workload and processing time. Hybrid microstrip antennas provide interesting means to overcome conventional antenna drawbacks, such as the significant H-plane cross-polarization level. Probe-fed hybrid microstrip antennas are analyzed in Chapter 4 via the resonant cavity and surface electric current models. The primary goal of systematically determining adequate design criteria is achieved and proved by predesigning an antenna for operation in 2.45 GHz. The design criteria are also validated by excellent experimental results for an antenna prototype that was manufactured and tested. As a side benefit, the use of analytical models permits the analysis of effects such as a radiation pattern asymmetry in the E plane, and a systematic study of its cross-polarization. Stratified layered structures containing scattering elements are used for modeling distributed natural targets. Their electromagnetic properties can be synthesized by the scattering matrix, which describes the dependence on signal polarization. From the scattering matrix, mathematical models for natural targets and other polarimetric target descriptors can be derived. Chiral effects and the stratified layer representation for certain natural targets are accounted for in the analysis presented in Chapter 5.From the target modeling, the scattering matrix elements are determined for planar, thin electric and magnetic dipoles embedded in a three-layer planar structure consisting of a chiral layer between free space and an isotropic ground. In addition, the full-wave equivalent circuit technique was efficiently utilized in the determination of the Green's functions of stratified structures.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:agregador.ibict.br.BDTD_ITA:oai:ita.br:3391 |
| Date | 22 December 2015 |
| Creators | Nilson Rafael Rabelo |
| Contributors | Sidnei João Siqueira Sant'Anna, José Carlos da Silva Lacava |
| Publisher | Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do ITA, instname:Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, instacron:ITA |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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